In this talk, I describe why Personal Informatics is an interesting challenge for HCI and how HCI can help with some of the issues found with personal informatics systems. I provide an brief overview of a model of personal informatics systems and delineate the problems people encounter when using such systems. I discuss the many projects I have done that explore some solutions for the problems.
Personal Informatics and Context: Using Context to Reveal Factors that Affect...Ian Li
Today, there is a personal informatics system for almost any behavior (see a list at http://personalinformatics.org/tools). These systems help people collect behavioral information to explore and reflect on. Because most systems only show behavioral information, finding factors that affect one's behavior is difficult. Incorporating contextual information, such as location, may help. To explore this, I developed prototypes of IMPACT, a system for physical activity awareness with support for contextual information. Previous deployments showed that context can increase people's awareness of opportunities for physical activity and automation facilitates long-term use but reduces immediate awareness. I will develop a third prototype that supports better selection of contextual information, maintenance of immediate awareness during automated collection, and improved visualizations. I will compare the prototype in a field study to a steps-only system and identify features critical to its effectiveness. I will take the lessons learned and describe how they may apply to supporting contextual information in personal informatics systems for other types of behaviors.
In the age of Web 2.0 and social media, a constantly ubiquitous online presence is available - the ubiquitous access to information is quickly and easily. The teachers present theories, models and results, and some students "google" at the same time whether that is true what is being said. For the"Homo Interneticus" it is normal to search for facts. Discussions and learning cultures are changing.
What are appropriate didactical teaching-learning scenarios nowadays?
To what extent can Educational Apps/Technology be integrated to strengthen active learning (student engagement) and collaborative learning?
((What are the right conditions?))
The talk gives answers in form of case studies and theses which illustrate changes towards digital didactical designs in universities and schools.
Digital media enable learning in unexpected places online through established boundaries. If this is the case, then we face the challenge to understand teaching, learning and didactics in a new way – instead of a ‘text book learning’ only, that represents receptive, consumer-oriented teaching, we need creativity-focused didactical designs to enhance a meaningful learning experience.
Informal Learning via Social Media - Does it Affect Teaching and Science? - c...Isa Jahnke
TITLE. Informal Learning via Social Media - Does it Affect Teaching and Science?
ABSTRACT. The paper (COSCI12 conference) argues that didactical designers, teachers and researchers can learn from informal learning situations to build a meaningful learning experience for students in universities and schools. By illustrating three research projects, (a) InPUD, an informal learning community in higher education, (b) CSCL@Work, informal work-based learning and (c) iPad-Didactics, didactical designs by teachers in K9 schools using iPads, five theses will be described which show the shift from traditional teaching and prepare a new understanding of learning called ‘learning to be creative’.
The digital revolution has shattered the rules of reaching, attracting, and retaining customers. By creating a culture of analytics and developing a strategic plan for operating in today’s environment, organizations are achieving success.
Web analytics veteran, John Lovett, will outline a methodology for creating a culture of analytics within your organization, including a roadmap for using data to serve customers effectively and measuring the results of social media marketing.
The nationalisation of K-12 education in Australia has the potential to have a Jupiter Effect (prediction that an alignment of the planets would create a number of catastrophes) on school libraries and the profession. Government-driven initiatives and projects herald an education 'two-speed economy' for teacher librarians - boom or bust. The report, School libraries and teacher librarians in 21st century Australia, and data from 386 submissions and 13 public hearings provide sufficient evidence that school libraries and teacher librarianship are at a tipping point. This address will present a view on the impact of the nationalisation of K-12 education and explore strategic directions for the profession and school libraries. What will be the future if you do not take charge of your own siesmic shift?
Personal Informatics and Context: Using Context to Reveal Factors that Affect...Ian Li
Today, there is a personal informatics system for almost any behavior (see a list at http://personalinformatics.org/tools). These systems help people collect behavioral information to explore and reflect on. Because most systems only show behavioral information, finding factors that affect one's behavior is difficult. Incorporating contextual information, such as location, may help. To explore this, I developed prototypes of IMPACT, a system for physical activity awareness with support for contextual information. Previous deployments showed that context can increase people's awareness of opportunities for physical activity and automation facilitates long-term use but reduces immediate awareness. I will develop a third prototype that supports better selection of contextual information, maintenance of immediate awareness during automated collection, and improved visualizations. I will compare the prototype in a field study to a steps-only system and identify features critical to its effectiveness. I will take the lessons learned and describe how they may apply to supporting contextual information in personal informatics systems for other types of behaviors.
In the age of Web 2.0 and social media, a constantly ubiquitous online presence is available - the ubiquitous access to information is quickly and easily. The teachers present theories, models and results, and some students "google" at the same time whether that is true what is being said. For the"Homo Interneticus" it is normal to search for facts. Discussions and learning cultures are changing.
What are appropriate didactical teaching-learning scenarios nowadays?
To what extent can Educational Apps/Technology be integrated to strengthen active learning (student engagement) and collaborative learning?
((What are the right conditions?))
The talk gives answers in form of case studies and theses which illustrate changes towards digital didactical designs in universities and schools.
Digital media enable learning in unexpected places online through established boundaries. If this is the case, then we face the challenge to understand teaching, learning and didactics in a new way – instead of a ‘text book learning’ only, that represents receptive, consumer-oriented teaching, we need creativity-focused didactical designs to enhance a meaningful learning experience.
Informal Learning via Social Media - Does it Affect Teaching and Science? - c...Isa Jahnke
TITLE. Informal Learning via Social Media - Does it Affect Teaching and Science?
ABSTRACT. The paper (COSCI12 conference) argues that didactical designers, teachers and researchers can learn from informal learning situations to build a meaningful learning experience for students in universities and schools. By illustrating three research projects, (a) InPUD, an informal learning community in higher education, (b) CSCL@Work, informal work-based learning and (c) iPad-Didactics, didactical designs by teachers in K9 schools using iPads, five theses will be described which show the shift from traditional teaching and prepare a new understanding of learning called ‘learning to be creative’.
The digital revolution has shattered the rules of reaching, attracting, and retaining customers. By creating a culture of analytics and developing a strategic plan for operating in today’s environment, organizations are achieving success.
Web analytics veteran, John Lovett, will outline a methodology for creating a culture of analytics within your organization, including a roadmap for using data to serve customers effectively and measuring the results of social media marketing.
The nationalisation of K-12 education in Australia has the potential to have a Jupiter Effect (prediction that an alignment of the planets would create a number of catastrophes) on school libraries and the profession. Government-driven initiatives and projects herald an education 'two-speed economy' for teacher librarians - boom or bust. The report, School libraries and teacher librarians in 21st century Australia, and data from 386 submissions and 13 public hearings provide sufficient evidence that school libraries and teacher librarianship are at a tipping point. This address will present a view on the impact of the nationalisation of K-12 education and explore strategic directions for the profession and school libraries. What will be the future if you do not take charge of your own siesmic shift?
A Stage-Based Model of Personal Informatics Systems (CHI 2010 Talk)Ian Li
People strive to obtain self-knowledge. A class of systems called personal informatics is appearing that help people collect and reflect on personal information. However, there is no comprehensive list of problems that users experience using these systems, and no guidance for making these systems more effective. To address this, we conducted surveys and interviews with people who collect and reflect on personal information. We derived a stage-based model of personal informatics systems composed of five stages (preparation, collection, integration, reflection, and action) and identified barriers in each of the stages. These stages have four essential properties: barriers cascade to later stages; they are iterative; they are user-driven and/or system-driven; and they are uni-faceted or multi-faceted. From these properties, we recommend that personal informatics systems should 1) be designed in a holistic manner across the stages; 2) allow iteration between stages; 3) apply an appropriate balance of automated technology and user control within each stage to facilitate the user experience; and 4) explore support for associating multiple facets of people’s lives to enrich the value of systems.
Lecture on 18 March 2010 at Georgetown University to the Communications, Culture & Technology course on "Creating a Culture of Innovation," taught by Dr. Mike Nelson.
This was presented at LILAC 2012 conference in Glasgow. It is based on a two year project in Leicestershire County Council investigating and developing people's information capabilities/information literacy. The focus was on people's interaction with information in the organisation. Information retrieval (very important in academia) was less important than the ability to share, store, discard information in a secure way and where ensuring information was of good quality was important.
ST&I National Information System Platform: the Brazilian case of LattesRoberto C. S. Pacheco
In this presentation we address the issue of why innovation funding data are generally poor to support strategic studies. Generally they come from information systems designed to help only part of the processes of a national (or regional) innovation system. We present the main lessons learned from the Brazilian ST&I system projects, particularly Lattes and Portal Inovação.
Designing intelligent social systems 121205Ramesh Jain
With emerging technologies and big data, it is now possible to design intelligent social systems. In this presentation, ideas related to designing such systems are presented
This presentation is a revision of an earlier presentation here on Slideshare. It includes an updated social meme graph and current member information about The 2.0 Adoption Council.
Drawing! - HCII PhD Lunch Seminar - Dec 1, 2011Ian Li
In this presentation, I talk about the following topics: 1) my experiences drawing since I was little; 2) why people should draw; 3) advice on starting to draw; 4) the different elements of drawing; and 5) a demonstration of a drawing of Jack, a character I created.
Integrating Visualizations with Innertube - Quantified Self 2011 AmsterdamIan Li
In this breakout session at the Quantified Self 2011 Amsterdam, I described Innertube, a platform to create visualizations widgets that can be integrated in a dashboard. I presented how Innertube solves some of the problems in integrating visualizations. I also showed a demonstration of how Innertube worked (http://innertube.me)
3 Design Considerations for Personal Informatics Tools - Quantified Self 2011...Ian Li
In this talk, I describe 3 design considerations for personal informatics tools to improve the user experience. The considerations are:
* Provide immediate benefit
* People information needs change
* Support analysis of multiple types of data
Ubicomp 2011 - Understanding My Data, Myself: Supporting Self-Reflection with...Ian Li
We live in a world where many kinds of data about us can be collected and more will be collected as Ubicomp technologies mature. People reflect on this data using different tools for personal informatics. However, current tools do not have sufficient understanding of users’ self- reflection needs to appropriately leverage Ubicomp technologies. To design tools that effectively assist self- reflection, we need to comprehensively understand what kinds of questions people have about their data, why they ask these questions, how they answer them with current tools, and what kinds of problems they encounter. To explore this, we conducted interviews with people who use various kinds of tools for personal informatics. We found six kinds of questions that people asked about their data. We also found that certain kinds of questions are more important at certain times, which we call phases. We identified two phases of reflection: Discovery and Maintenance. We discuss the kinds of questions and the phases in detail and identify features that should be supported in personal informatics tools for which Ubicomp technologies can play an important role.
Thesis Defense - Personal Informatics and Context: Using Context to Reveal Fa...Ian Li
Personal informatics systems help people collect and reflect on behavioral information to better understand their own behavior. Because most systems only show one type of behavioral information, finding factors that affect one’s behavior is difficult. Supporting exploration of multiple types of contextual and behavioral information in a single interface may help.
To explore this, I developed prototypes of IMPACT, which supports reflection on physical activity and multiple types of contextual information. I conducted field studies of the prototypes, which showed that such a system can increase people’s awareness of opportunities for physical activity. However, several limitations affected the usage and value of these prototypes. To improve support for such systems, I conducted a series of interviews and field studies. First, I interviewed people about their experiences using personal informatics systems resulting in the Stage-Based Model of Personal Informatics Systems, which describes the different stages that systems need to support, and a list of problems that people experience in each of the stages. Second, I identified the kinds of questions people ask about their personal data and found that the importance of these questions differed between two phases: Discovery and Maintenance. Third, I evaluated different visualization features to improve support for reflection on multiple kinds of data. Finally, based on this evaluation, I developed a system called Innertube to help people reflect on multiple kinds of data in a single interface using a visualization integration approach that makes it easier to build such tools compared to the more common data integration approach.
Holistic & Human-Centered: Towards Making Better Self-Tracking Tools, Ian Li,...Ian Li
In this talk, I present that making better self-tracking tools requires using a holistic and human-centered approach at design and development.
Self-tracking tools have been increasing because of 3 technological improvements: better sensors, ubiquitous data access, and improved visualizations. Despite the new technologies, self-tracking remains hard. This is because self-tracking requires a lot from the user: from collecting, organizing, reflecting on data and to putting new knowledge into action.
The self-tracking challenge presents design and technology with great opportunities. Forging ahead, I think development of self-tracking tools should be approached in two ways:
1. It has to be approached holistically. Provide support for all the things that the user has to do with the system. This is specially important because self-tracking requires long-term use.
2. A human-centered approach has be taken. The technology has been growing a lot and that's great. The question now is how do these different technologies go together to support the knowledge discover new insights into their selves.
A Stage-Based Model of Personal Informatics Systems (Handout)Ian Li
People strive to obtain self-knowledge. A class of systems called personal informatics is appearing that help people collect and reflect on personal information. However, there is no comprehensive list of problems that users experience using these systems, and no guidance for making these systems more effective. To address this, we conducted surveys and interviews with people who collect and reflect on personal information. We derived a stage-based model of personal informatics systems composed of five stages (preparation, collection, integration, reflection, and action) and identified barriers in each of the stages. These stages have four essential properties: barriers cascade to later stages; they are iterative; they are user-driven and/or system-driven; and they are uni-faceted or multi-faceted. From these properties, we recommend that personal informatics systems should 1) be designed in a holistic manner across the stages; 2) allow iteration between stages; 3) apply an appropriate balance of automated technology and user control within each stage to facilitate the user experience; and 4) explore support for associating multiple facets of people’s lives to enrich the value of systems.
Personal Informatics Workshop at CHI 2010 (Poster)Ian Li
People strive to gain better knowledge of themselves by collecting information about their behaviors, habits, and thoughts. Personal informatics systems facilitates the collection and reflection on personal information. This workshop brought together researchers in a wide range of disciplines to discuss challenges and explore opportunities for HCI in the field of personal informatics. We identified technical and design issues. We discussed the benefits of reflecting on information about different facets of one's life, such as increased self-awareness, holistic engagement with life, and achievement of life balance. Key research areas include: ubiquitous computing, life logging, visualizations, persuasive technologies, interaction design, and the psychology of self-knowledge and self-awareness.
A Stage-Based Model of Personal Informatics Systems (CHI 2010 Talk)Ian Li
People strive to obtain self-knowledge. A class of systems called personal informatics is appearing that help people collect and reflect on personal information. However, there is no comprehensive list of problems that users experience using these systems, and no guidance for making these systems more effective. To address this, we conducted surveys and interviews with people who collect and reflect on personal information. We derived a stage-based model of personal informatics systems composed of five stages (preparation, collection, integration, reflection, and action) and identified barriers in each of the stages. These stages have four essential properties: barriers cascade to later stages; they are iterative; they are user-driven and/or system-driven; and they are uni-faceted or multi-faceted. From these properties, we recommend that personal informatics systems should 1) be designed in a holistic manner across the stages; 2) allow iteration between stages; 3) apply an appropriate balance of automated technology and user control within each stage to facilitate the user experience; and 4) explore support for associating multiple facets of people’s lives to enrich the value of systems.
Lecture on 18 March 2010 at Georgetown University to the Communications, Culture & Technology course on "Creating a Culture of Innovation," taught by Dr. Mike Nelson.
This was presented at LILAC 2012 conference in Glasgow. It is based on a two year project in Leicestershire County Council investigating and developing people's information capabilities/information literacy. The focus was on people's interaction with information in the organisation. Information retrieval (very important in academia) was less important than the ability to share, store, discard information in a secure way and where ensuring information was of good quality was important.
ST&I National Information System Platform: the Brazilian case of LattesRoberto C. S. Pacheco
In this presentation we address the issue of why innovation funding data are generally poor to support strategic studies. Generally they come from information systems designed to help only part of the processes of a national (or regional) innovation system. We present the main lessons learned from the Brazilian ST&I system projects, particularly Lattes and Portal Inovação.
Designing intelligent social systems 121205Ramesh Jain
With emerging technologies and big data, it is now possible to design intelligent social systems. In this presentation, ideas related to designing such systems are presented
This presentation is a revision of an earlier presentation here on Slideshare. It includes an updated social meme graph and current member information about The 2.0 Adoption Council.
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Drawing! - HCII PhD Lunch Seminar - Dec 1, 2011Ian Li
In this presentation, I talk about the following topics: 1) my experiences drawing since I was little; 2) why people should draw; 3) advice on starting to draw; 4) the different elements of drawing; and 5) a demonstration of a drawing of Jack, a character I created.
Integrating Visualizations with Innertube - Quantified Self 2011 AmsterdamIan Li
In this breakout session at the Quantified Self 2011 Amsterdam, I described Innertube, a platform to create visualizations widgets that can be integrated in a dashboard. I presented how Innertube solves some of the problems in integrating visualizations. I also showed a demonstration of how Innertube worked (http://innertube.me)
3 Design Considerations for Personal Informatics Tools - Quantified Self 2011...Ian Li
In this talk, I describe 3 design considerations for personal informatics tools to improve the user experience. The considerations are:
* Provide immediate benefit
* People information needs change
* Support analysis of multiple types of data
Ubicomp 2011 - Understanding My Data, Myself: Supporting Self-Reflection with...Ian Li
We live in a world where many kinds of data about us can be collected and more will be collected as Ubicomp technologies mature. People reflect on this data using different tools for personal informatics. However, current tools do not have sufficient understanding of users’ self- reflection needs to appropriately leverage Ubicomp technologies. To design tools that effectively assist self- reflection, we need to comprehensively understand what kinds of questions people have about their data, why they ask these questions, how they answer them with current tools, and what kinds of problems they encounter. To explore this, we conducted interviews with people who use various kinds of tools for personal informatics. We found six kinds of questions that people asked about their data. We also found that certain kinds of questions are more important at certain times, which we call phases. We identified two phases of reflection: Discovery and Maintenance. We discuss the kinds of questions and the phases in detail and identify features that should be supported in personal informatics tools for which Ubicomp technologies can play an important role.
Thesis Defense - Personal Informatics and Context: Using Context to Reveal Fa...Ian Li
Personal informatics systems help people collect and reflect on behavioral information to better understand their own behavior. Because most systems only show one type of behavioral information, finding factors that affect one’s behavior is difficult. Supporting exploration of multiple types of contextual and behavioral information in a single interface may help.
To explore this, I developed prototypes of IMPACT, which supports reflection on physical activity and multiple types of contextual information. I conducted field studies of the prototypes, which showed that such a system can increase people’s awareness of opportunities for physical activity. However, several limitations affected the usage and value of these prototypes. To improve support for such systems, I conducted a series of interviews and field studies. First, I interviewed people about their experiences using personal informatics systems resulting in the Stage-Based Model of Personal Informatics Systems, which describes the different stages that systems need to support, and a list of problems that people experience in each of the stages. Second, I identified the kinds of questions people ask about their personal data and found that the importance of these questions differed between two phases: Discovery and Maintenance. Third, I evaluated different visualization features to improve support for reflection on multiple kinds of data. Finally, based on this evaluation, I developed a system called Innertube to help people reflect on multiple kinds of data in a single interface using a visualization integration approach that makes it easier to build such tools compared to the more common data integration approach.
Holistic & Human-Centered: Towards Making Better Self-Tracking Tools, Ian Li,...Ian Li
In this talk, I present that making better self-tracking tools requires using a holistic and human-centered approach at design and development.
Self-tracking tools have been increasing because of 3 technological improvements: better sensors, ubiquitous data access, and improved visualizations. Despite the new technologies, self-tracking remains hard. This is because self-tracking requires a lot from the user: from collecting, organizing, reflecting on data and to putting new knowledge into action.
The self-tracking challenge presents design and technology with great opportunities. Forging ahead, I think development of self-tracking tools should be approached in two ways:
1. It has to be approached holistically. Provide support for all the things that the user has to do with the system. This is specially important because self-tracking requires long-term use.
2. A human-centered approach has be taken. The technology has been growing a lot and that's great. The question now is how do these different technologies go together to support the knowledge discover new insights into their selves.
A Stage-Based Model of Personal Informatics Systems (Handout)Ian Li
People strive to obtain self-knowledge. A class of systems called personal informatics is appearing that help people collect and reflect on personal information. However, there is no comprehensive list of problems that users experience using these systems, and no guidance for making these systems more effective. To address this, we conducted surveys and interviews with people who collect and reflect on personal information. We derived a stage-based model of personal informatics systems composed of five stages (preparation, collection, integration, reflection, and action) and identified barriers in each of the stages. These stages have four essential properties: barriers cascade to later stages; they are iterative; they are user-driven and/or system-driven; and they are uni-faceted or multi-faceted. From these properties, we recommend that personal informatics systems should 1) be designed in a holistic manner across the stages; 2) allow iteration between stages; 3) apply an appropriate balance of automated technology and user control within each stage to facilitate the user experience; and 4) explore support for associating multiple facets of people’s lives to enrich the value of systems.
Personal Informatics Workshop at CHI 2010 (Poster)Ian Li
People strive to gain better knowledge of themselves by collecting information about their behaviors, habits, and thoughts. Personal informatics systems facilitates the collection and reflection on personal information. This workshop brought together researchers in a wide range of disciplines to discuss challenges and explore opportunities for HCI in the field of personal informatics. We identified technical and design issues. We discussed the benefits of reflecting on information about different facets of one's life, such as increased self-awareness, holistic engagement with life, and achievement of life balance. Key research areas include: ubiquitous computing, life logging, visualizations, persuasive technologies, interaction design, and the psychology of self-knowledge and self-awareness.
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5. Personal Informatics
A class of systems that help people
collect and reflect on their behavior
to gain self-knowledge
Ian Li Personal Informatics & HCI June 2010
5
7. HCI can help with the design of
personal informatics systems.
Ian Li Personal Informatics & HCI June 2010
7
8. Human-Computer Interaction
The study of interaction between people and
computers
Intersection of computer science, behavioral
sciences, and design
Ian Li Personal Informatics & HCI June 2010
8
9. Why HCI?
Personal informatics systems must provide
users with different kinds of support.
• Make daily usage easier and facilitate use
over a long period of time.
• Organize the data.
• Help users understand the data.
• Help users act on new knowledge.
Ian Li Personal Informatics & HCI June 2010
9
10. Alice
• 20 years old
• Family history of heart
disease
• Wants to be more active,
but doesnʼt know how
because sheʼs busy
Ian Li Personal Informatics & HCI June 2010
10
12. 2. Alice collects data.
Mon
1573
Tue
4392
Wed
4537
Thu
5842
Fri
10258
Sat
7528
Sun
1368
Mon
1497
Tue
1837
Ian Li Personal Informatics & HCI June 2010
12
13. 3. Alice transcribes data.
Transcribe to Excel
M
T
W Th
F
Sa
Su
M
T
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14. 4. Alice reflects on the data.
Active
Inactive
Inactive
M
T
W Th
F
Sa
Su
M
T
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15. 5. Alice takes action.
Walk in the park
instead of
watching TV
M
T
W Th
F
Sa
Su
M
T
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16. PREPARATION COLLECTION INTEGRATION REFLECTION ACTION
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17. PREPARATION COLLECTION INTEGRATION REFLECTION ACTION
Collection
The stage when people collect information
about themselves (e.g., inner thoughts, behavior,
social interactions, and their immediate environment).
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18. PREPARATION COLLECTION INTEGRATION REFLECTION ACTION
Collection Barriers
• Using the tool
• Remembering
• Lack of time
• Motivation
• Finding data
• Accuracy
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19. PREPARATION COLLECTION INTEGRATION REFLECTION ACTION
Collection Barriers
• Using the tool
One problem is:
• Remembering
“Keeping up the
• Lack of time
motivation to do so;
• Motivation
like finding payback
for the investment of
• Finding data
time and effort.”
• Accuracy
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20. PREPARATION COLLECTION INTEGRATION REFLECTION ACTION
Reflection
The stage when people reflect on their
personal information.
• Users may reflect immediately (short-term)
• Or after several days or weeks (long-term)
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21. PREPARATION COLLECTION INTEGRATION REFLECTION ACTION
Reflection Barriers
• Lack of time
• Self-criticism
• Visualization
• Interpretation
• Sparse data
• No context
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22. PREPARATION COLLECTION INTEGRATION REFLECTION ACTION
Reflection Barriers
“Itʼs hard to get a
• Lack of time
holistic view of the
• Self-criticism
data since the time
filters are at most one
• Visualization
month and Iʼd like to
• Interpretation
look at several
• Sparse data
months at once.”
• No context
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23. Properties of the Stages
1. Barriers cascade
2. Stages are iterative
3. User- vs. System-driven
4. Facets
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24. 3. User- vs. System-driven
User-driven
System-driven
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25. 3. User- vs. System-driven
Mon
1573
Tue
4392
Wed
4537
Thu
5842
Fri
10258
Sat
7528
Sun
1368
Mon
1497
Tue
1837
User-driven
System-driven
Collection
Integration
Reflection
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26. 3. User- vs. System-driven
User-driven
System-driven
Collection
Integration
Reflection
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27. 3. User- vs. System-driven
Design Guideline
Consider the tradeoffs between user-driven
and system-driven stages.
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28. Introduction
Model of Personal Informatics
Collection vs. Reflection
Maintaining Compliance
Increase Use by Sharing
Easing Data Integration
Other Projects
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29. PREPARATION COLLECTION INTEGRATION REFLECTION ACTION
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30. IMPACT
Different from most personal informatics
systems for physical activity:
• Collects physical activity information
and context (e.g., type of activity, location, people)
• Visualizations to help users become aware
of factors in their lives that affect their
physical activity.
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31. Two prototypes – Two studies
IMPACT 1.0
IMPACT 2.0
Manual collection
Semi-automated
collection
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33. Awareness of opportunities
“It turns out I get the most walking done to
and from work…and walking around my
neighborhood for an hour or two made a
difference.” P35
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35. Ian Li Personal Informatics & HCI June 2010
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36. Ian Li Personal Informatics & HCI June 2010
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37. No difference
Compared to other systems:
• No visualizations
• Steps-only visualizations
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38. Long-term value
Six months later, users who collected
contextual information reflected on their data
better.
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39. Collection vs. Reflection
Short-term Long-term
Reflection
Reflection
IMPACT 1.0
Manual GOOD
NOT GOOD
Collection
IMPACT 2.0
Automated NOT GOOD
GOOD
Collection
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40. Introduction
Model of Personal Informatics
Collection vs. Reflection
Maintaining Compliance
Increase Use by Sharing
Easing Data Integration
Other Projects
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41. Barriers Example Quote
Tool (13/67) “not having ready access to a
computer at the time symptoms
happen” P6
Memory “Forgetting to record it. Because I
(12/67) am often not at my personal
computer.” P57
Lack of time “not difficult, time consuming at
PREPARATION COLLECTION INTEGRATION REFLECTION ACTION
(11/67) times.” P16
Finding “Sometimes life isnʼt interesting
data (7/67) enough to make me want to write
it down, other times I canʼt find
any worthy writing material.” P54
Accuracy “Guestimating mass of food
(6/67) matching homemade or
restaurant foods against
database entries” P5
Motivation “keeping up the motivation to do
(5/67) so, finding payback for the
investment of time and effort.” P4
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42. Experience Sampling
Collect self-reports from users
• 3 questions per self-report
• 10 self-reports per day
• 28 days
• 840 pieces of information from user
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43. Ian Li Personal Informatics & HCI June 2010
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44. Ian Li Personal Informatics & HCI June 2010
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45. Ian Li Personal Informatics & HCI June 2010
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46. Ian Li Personal Informatics & HCI June 2010
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51. Maintained compliance
Control
A+I
A+M
1
Compliance Rate
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
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52. Personal Insights
“When I was doing something productive my
mood was not high. My mood was highest
when I was playing games.”
“Apparently, I am least productive with work
(Word, Excel) at night when I use AIM. I
never use AIM in the morning, thus much
more productive with work.”
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53. Introduction
Model of Personal Informatics
Collection vs. Reflection
Maintaining Compliance
Increase Use by Sharing
Easing Data Integration
Other Projects
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54. PREPARATION COLLECTION INTEGRATION REFLECTION ACTION
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55. System Issues
Value of self-reflection is not immediate
Low participation by users
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56. System Issues
Value of self-reflection is not immediate
Use sharing as initial motivation
Low participation by users
Sharing increases participation
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58. Ian Li Personal Informatics & HCI June 2010
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59. Ian Li Personal Informatics & HCI June 2010
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60. Introduction
Model of Personal Informatics
Collection vs. Reflection
Maintaining Compliance
Increase Use by Sharing
Easing Data Integration
Other Projects
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61. Barriers Example Quote
Tool (13/67) “not having ready access to a
computer at the time symptoms
happen” P6
Memory “Forgetting to record it. Because I
(12/67) am often not at my personal
computer.” P57
PREPARATION COLLECTION
Lack of timeREFLECTION
INTEGRATION
“not difficult, ACTION
time consuming at
(11/67) times.” P16
Finding “Sometimes life isnʼt interesting
data (7/67) enough to make me want to write
it down, other times I canʼt find
any worthy writing material.” P54
Accuracy “Guestimating mass of food
(6/67) matching homemade or
restaurant foods against
database entries” P5
Motivation “keeping up the motivation to do
(5/67) so, finding payback for the
investment of time and effort.” P4
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62. System Issues
Access to collection tool
Lack of integration of data sources
Most tools collect only one type of data
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63. Grafitter
Access to collection tool
Support multiple social media
Lack of integration of data sources
Cull data automatically
Most tools collect only one type of data
Flexible and easy-to-enter format
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64. Supports multiple social media
Twitter
Delicious
Instant Messenger
Blogger
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65. Flexible and easy-to-enter
Extension of Twitter hashtags
#mood(happy) Just had ice cream.
A long day #work(11) and itʼs not over.
Lunch with friends #lunch(amy, bob)
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67. Grafitter
Up since February 2009
Continuing development
• Support privacy
• Additional visualizations
• Multi-faceted reflection
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68. Introduction
Model of Personal Informatics
Collection vs. Reflection
Maintaining Compliance
Increase Use by Sharing
Easing Data Integration
Other Projects
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73. Thank you!
ianli@cmu.edu
http://ianli.com
http://personalinformatics.org
http://personalinformatics.org/lab/model/
Funded by
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