The document discusses the performance and safety challenges of next generation railways. It covers topics like the ERTMS standard, moving block signaling, virtual coupling of trains, and applications of artificial intelligence. Key challenges include improving train positioning for moving block, ensuring safe communication and behavior for virtually coupled trains, and addressing issues of trust, ethics, and explainability for safety-critical AI systems in railways. Overall, emerging technologies aim to increase railway capacity, efficiency, and user experience while maintaining the highest safety standards.
CBTC Communications Based Train Control conference March 12th 2014 James Nesbitt
Transport industry leaders create a common voice on critical Communications Based Train Control challenges and solutions on March12th 2014 in London. Addressing implementation, cost and maintenance, risk assessments and interoperability challenges from an engineering, technical and strategic planning perspective, you wont want to miss this highly informative networking opportunity
Strategic Analysis of Growth Opportunities in the Western European Urban Rail...Shyam Raman
The research service provides an analysis of the European urban rail rolling stock market and focuses on the trends and technologies to be used. The study segments the market by metro, light rail and APM systems and identifies the opportunities for new rolling stock in each of these segments. It further provides an in-depth trend and scenario based forecast by segment .
Need for platform-to-track intrusion detection systems in automated metro linesSYSTRA
The document discusses platform protection systems for automated metro lines. It describes that as metro lines increase their level of automation, platform protection systems are needed to prevent accidents between passengers and trains. The two main types of systems are platform screen doors (PSD) and intrusion detection systems. PSD provide the best isolation but can be challenging for existing "brownfield" metro lines, while intrusion detection systems have lower costs and easier installation but higher risks. The case study of Buenos Aires Line D plans a two-phase approach using both systems to balance safety, costs and flexibility during the automation transition.
Strategic analysis of communications based train control systems in the weste...Shyam Raman
The study provides a strategic analysis of the Communications-Based Train Control Systems in the Western European Urban Rail Market, primarily covering Semi Automatic Train Operation (STO), Driverless Train Operation (DTO) and Unattended Train Operation (UTO) enabled by radio-based CBTC. The business environment of the Western European rail market and its dynamics has been discussed in great detail. The study provides drivers and restraints, market share analysis, competitor analysis, strategic market sizing forecasts for urban rail networks. Revenue growth opportunities in the communications-based train control industry and revenue forecasts of the European CBTC stock market has been provided by segment and region from 2011 to 2021.
Intelligent Infrastructure for Next-Generation Rail SystemsCognizant
With the rail segment of the transportation system poised for rapid growth, we offer assessment and implementation plans for intelligent infrastructure for rail systems so that rail companies can better manage their rolling stock. Our system shows the evolution of rail system control architecture from managed to utilized to optimized and covers monitoring, analysis, alerts, maintenance and integration.
This talk by Professor Felix Schmid discussed a systematic approach to the analysis of railway system complexity, with a particular focus on interfaces and interactions. Case studies related to conventional railways, high-speed railways, light rail transit and novel technologies. For more information: http://goo.gl/qLtzY
Frost & Sullivan is a leading growth consulting and market research firm with over 50 years of experience and 40 offices worldwide. They provide clients with research, analysis, consulting, and training to help them grow their businesses across 10 industries and 32 markets. Their rail research program provides comprehensive strategic analysis covering all growth opportunities in the global rail industry, including markets, technologies, regulations, infrastructure, rolling stock, urbanization trends, and more. They deliver both published reports and interactive services to help clients develop growth strategies.
The UIC Global Vision for Railway Development wants to provide a system-oriented reference to seek appropriate solutions for future challenges, using an approach which has originally been developed for road transport, the “forever open” concept.
CBTC Communications Based Train Control conference March 12th 2014 James Nesbitt
Transport industry leaders create a common voice on critical Communications Based Train Control challenges and solutions on March12th 2014 in London. Addressing implementation, cost and maintenance, risk assessments and interoperability challenges from an engineering, technical and strategic planning perspective, you wont want to miss this highly informative networking opportunity
Strategic Analysis of Growth Opportunities in the Western European Urban Rail...Shyam Raman
The research service provides an analysis of the European urban rail rolling stock market and focuses on the trends and technologies to be used. The study segments the market by metro, light rail and APM systems and identifies the opportunities for new rolling stock in each of these segments. It further provides an in-depth trend and scenario based forecast by segment .
Need for platform-to-track intrusion detection systems in automated metro linesSYSTRA
The document discusses platform protection systems for automated metro lines. It describes that as metro lines increase their level of automation, platform protection systems are needed to prevent accidents between passengers and trains. The two main types of systems are platform screen doors (PSD) and intrusion detection systems. PSD provide the best isolation but can be challenging for existing "brownfield" metro lines, while intrusion detection systems have lower costs and easier installation but higher risks. The case study of Buenos Aires Line D plans a two-phase approach using both systems to balance safety, costs and flexibility during the automation transition.
Strategic analysis of communications based train control systems in the weste...Shyam Raman
The study provides a strategic analysis of the Communications-Based Train Control Systems in the Western European Urban Rail Market, primarily covering Semi Automatic Train Operation (STO), Driverless Train Operation (DTO) and Unattended Train Operation (UTO) enabled by radio-based CBTC. The business environment of the Western European rail market and its dynamics has been discussed in great detail. The study provides drivers and restraints, market share analysis, competitor analysis, strategic market sizing forecasts for urban rail networks. Revenue growth opportunities in the communications-based train control industry and revenue forecasts of the European CBTC stock market has been provided by segment and region from 2011 to 2021.
Intelligent Infrastructure for Next-Generation Rail SystemsCognizant
With the rail segment of the transportation system poised for rapid growth, we offer assessment and implementation plans for intelligent infrastructure for rail systems so that rail companies can better manage their rolling stock. Our system shows the evolution of rail system control architecture from managed to utilized to optimized and covers monitoring, analysis, alerts, maintenance and integration.
This talk by Professor Felix Schmid discussed a systematic approach to the analysis of railway system complexity, with a particular focus on interfaces and interactions. Case studies related to conventional railways, high-speed railways, light rail transit and novel technologies. For more information: http://goo.gl/qLtzY
Frost & Sullivan is a leading growth consulting and market research firm with over 50 years of experience and 40 offices worldwide. They provide clients with research, analysis, consulting, and training to help them grow their businesses across 10 industries and 32 markets. Their rail research program provides comprehensive strategic analysis covering all growth opportunities in the global rail industry, including markets, technologies, regulations, infrastructure, rolling stock, urbanization trends, and more. They deliver both published reports and interactive services to help clients develop growth strategies.
The UIC Global Vision for Railway Development wants to provide a system-oriented reference to seek appropriate solutions for future challenges, using an approach which has originally been developed for road transport, the “forever open” concept.
This document describes a Route Validation service that calculates true track, magnetic track, and length of route segments in an AIXM 5.1 message and validates it against the input data. The service is a web processing service that performs geodetic calculations on aeronautical data in AIXM format. It generates a report detailing any differences found between the calculated and input data values.
Ever increasing number of vehicles on road imposes a due concern about road safety on the automobile manufacturers and the users as well. Cargo vehicle is a major part of automobile sector and attained a new look in the era of internet of things. The current paper pr esents various modern trends being incorporated in Cargo vehicles to monitor different vehicles and environmental par ameters to ensure road safety. Authors have extended the scope of study with due c onsideration to R&D efforts in advanced sensing,environmental perception and interactive driver ass istance systems to avoid road accidents due to une ven/over loading of cargo vehicles in specific. With this ki nd of challenging efforts,the authors aim to conve rge important technologies such as automotive-electronics,sensor s and mobile communication towards safe operation o f cargo vehicles while negotiating the road.
The European approach to guarantee safety and interoperabilityIbrahim Al-Hudhaif
The document discusses the European approach to ensuring railway safety and interoperability through certification of railway components and subsystems. It provides details on the European railway directives, technical specifications, standards, and the roles of various actors like infrastructure managers, railway undertakings, notified bodies, national safety authorities, and suppliers in the railway certification process. The presentation also provides information about Italcertifer, a notified body in Italy that performs railway certification.
This document provides a case study of the signalling and train control system used for the Dubai Metro in the United Arab Emirates. Key points:
- Dubai Metro is the world's longest fully automated driverless metro system at over 74km in length serving 47 stations.
- It uses Communication Based Train Control (CBTC) signalling, a modern system that provides continuous digital communication between trains and trackside computers.
- The CBTC system provides automatic train protection, operation and supervision functions to run trains automatically, safely and reliably at high frequencies.
- Implementation of the advanced CBTC system for such a large metro presented challenges as the first such system in the Middle East, but it has enabled highly
The document discusses the European Defence Agency's (EDA) role in military space capabilities such as satellite communication, situational awareness, and earth observation. It outlines three work strands for satellite communication: 1) a short term European SATCOM Procurement Cell, 2) a medium term European Tactical Interim Capability, and 3) a long term Secure Telecommunication by Satellite system. It also discusses EDA activities for Space Situational Awareness and the MUSIS earth observation satellite program. The document emphasizes fostering civil-military synergies and cooperation across European nations to develop cost-effective space capabilities.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The STARS project aimed to characterize railway environments to allow full implementation of GNSS in safety critical rail applications. It developed a methodology for field measurements, conducted an unprecedented measurement campaign at diverse locations, and created tools to analyze environmental factors impacting GNSS performance. The project also investigated economic impacts, ERTMS requirements, and the potential for evolved EGNOS services to fully support safety critical rail applications. STARS provided conclusions and recommendations to support further GNSS development in rail.
This document presents a strategy to improve safety, operational performance, and accessibility at the platform train interface (PTI) on Britain's railway network. It analyzes data on the 3 billion annual PTI interactions to understand risks. The strategy identifies goals in data collection, passenger flow, train stopping positions, step and gap optimization, and accessibility. Actions include immediate steps as well as short, medium and long term plans to update industry understanding and manage PTI risks over time as passenger usage increases. The goal is to reduce injuries and improve the passenger experience across all aspects of the PTI.
CL436 Transport Planning Final SubmissionGordon Best
This document proposes a light rail system to replace the existing heavy rail Cathcart Circle network in Glasgow. Key points of the proposal include:
- Adding 5 new stations to improve accessibility and distribute passenger load more evenly across stations experiencing high usage.
- Converting to light rail will increase line capacity through more frequent trips facilitated by the faster acceleration/braking of light rail vehicles compared to heavy rail.
- Accessibility for all passengers, including disabled users, will be improved through ground-level boarding enabled by light rail vehicle design.
- Stations are well-located along the route but some sections would benefit from an additional station to service densely populated nearby areas.
Ansaldo STS at CPExpo 2013: The role of satellite technologies and GALILEO fo...Leonardo
Ansaldo STS at CPExpo 2013: The role of satellite technologies and GALILEO for improving the safety of the local and regional train management infrastructures
This document summarizes an academic paper about using a partially observable Markov decision process to improve handoff latency in an automatic train control system that uses wireless local area networks with multiple-input multiple-output technologies. The objective is to reduce handoff decision time by considering channel estimation errors and balancing multiplexing gain versus diversity gain. It also provides background on train control systems, noting their evolution from mechanical to electromechanical to computer-based systems using wayside communication to determine train locations and ensure safe movement between tracks.
1) The document discusses plans for a metro system in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia to address future transportation demands and congestion issues. It proposes an east-west metro line in the initial phase along with BRT lines and improved road networks.
2) Technical details of the proposed metro include underground, elevated, and at-grade sections using different construction methods. Operation plans include train capacity, headways, and travel times for the proposed 18km east-west line.
3) A public-private partnership model is suggested to implement the project, with funding from international organizations, investors, and government subsidies. Financial analysis shows the metro project is economically viable and could yield economic benefits through impacts on real
With the recent advancement of technology, a new technology named VANET (Vehicular Adhoc
Network) is emerging day by day. VANET is a wireless communication between vehicles to vehicles
and RSU (vehicles to road side units). It is different from MANET, so the challenges of VANET are also
different from MANET. It has many challenges like safety, traffic and user application based challenges
which require some particular design. The vehicular mobility model plays a vital role in examining
different challenges. There are different models for different purposes and for getting better results we
have to apply the correct model which is suitable for the particular situation. In this paper, a proper
classification is done between different vehicular mobility models with respect to their types, sub types,
usage (interaction level), evaluating purpose and example of each model is also provided
The Standardisation Platform of UIC, the worldwide railway organisation, successfully held its annual plenary meeting on 17th September in Paris.
(Paris, 20 September 2019) In addition to the plenary discussions, a global panel of speakers presented a wide range of topics under the headline of “Railway 4.0: Standardisation for a fully-integrated digital railway system".
The focus was on how standards, recognised as a key lever to increase system performance, achieve cost reduction and to enlarge the range of personalised services offered to the end users of railway transportation, can help to facilitate the digitalisation agenda.
U.S. Intelligent Transportation Systems – Trends, Signals & Cases. Team Finla...Team Finland Future Watch
This document provides an overview of intelligent transportation systems in the United States. It discusses several pilots and demonstrations of vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure technologies, such as the Safety Pilot Model Deployment and the SFpark and Midtown in Motion projects. It also covers emerging applications including automated and autonomous vehicles, as well as new mobility services and the development of applications that utilize open transportation data.
AUTOMATION: LESSONS LEARNT FROM SESAR by Michael StandarALIAS Network
- SESAR aims to modernize European air traffic management through the implementation of new technologies and automation. This involves integrating airports, moving to 4D trajectory-based operations, increased automation, system-wide information sharing, and collaborative network planning.
- SESAR uses an "innovation pipeline" approach, starting with exploratory research and moving solutions through phases of validation, demonstration at scale, and finally deployment support. Over 400 exercises involving 8000 experts from across the industry have been conducted to validate solutions.
- Large-scale demonstrations in 2015 aim to confirm global interoperability of SESAR solutions and accelerate their acceptance and industrialization. Coordination is also occurring with related programs like NextGen to ensure worldwide inter
Weigh-in-motion systems are used to determine the weight of vehicle while it is in motion. It is used for vehicle overweight enforcement. Various classifications and types of WIM systems - pavement-based, bridge-based, low-speed and high-speed WIM etc are included. Status of WIM implementation in India is also stated in the presentation
This document is a CV for Ibrahim Ramadan Mohamed. It outlines his personal and contact information, education background (a BSc in Electrical Power and Machines from Cairo University in 2009), computer skills including Microsoft Office and AutoCAD, language skills in Arabic, English and German, and work experience including his current role as a senior signalling and train control systems engineer at Alstom Transport Egypt since 2011 where he performs maintenance, testing and commissioning tasks. It also lists courses taken in teamwork, problem solving, communication and AutoCAD.
The document discusses Internet of Things (IoT) solutions for rail systems. It outlines challenges around safety, security and operational efficiency in rail transportation. It then describes ALE's networking solutions for rail, including applications for different rail subsystems, security features, and examples of rail customers that have implemented ALE's solutions.
IRJET- Comparative Study of Effect of Varying Span Length on Major Elemen...IRJET Journal
This document compares two curved bridge models for a metro system with a total span of 100 meters. Model 1 has a mid span of 70 meters and side spans of 15 meters each. Model 2 has a mid span of 40 meters and side spans of 30 meters each. The study aims to determine a suitable bridge design for the metro system that considers both construction and traffic planning issues. The models are analyzed using STAAD Pro software to calculate responses like displacement, stress, and loading based on Indian codes. The results will help generalize the metro bridge design and traffic planning for this location.
This document describes a Route Validation service that calculates true track, magnetic track, and length of route segments in an AIXM 5.1 message and validates it against the input data. The service is a web processing service that performs geodetic calculations on aeronautical data in AIXM format. It generates a report detailing any differences found between the calculated and input data values.
Ever increasing number of vehicles on road imposes a due concern about road safety on the automobile manufacturers and the users as well. Cargo vehicle is a major part of automobile sector and attained a new look in the era of internet of things. The current paper pr esents various modern trends being incorporated in Cargo vehicles to monitor different vehicles and environmental par ameters to ensure road safety. Authors have extended the scope of study with due c onsideration to R&D efforts in advanced sensing,environmental perception and interactive driver ass istance systems to avoid road accidents due to une ven/over loading of cargo vehicles in specific. With this ki nd of challenging efforts,the authors aim to conve rge important technologies such as automotive-electronics,sensor s and mobile communication towards safe operation o f cargo vehicles while negotiating the road.
The European approach to guarantee safety and interoperabilityIbrahim Al-Hudhaif
The document discusses the European approach to ensuring railway safety and interoperability through certification of railway components and subsystems. It provides details on the European railway directives, technical specifications, standards, and the roles of various actors like infrastructure managers, railway undertakings, notified bodies, national safety authorities, and suppliers in the railway certification process. The presentation also provides information about Italcertifer, a notified body in Italy that performs railway certification.
This document provides a case study of the signalling and train control system used for the Dubai Metro in the United Arab Emirates. Key points:
- Dubai Metro is the world's longest fully automated driverless metro system at over 74km in length serving 47 stations.
- It uses Communication Based Train Control (CBTC) signalling, a modern system that provides continuous digital communication between trains and trackside computers.
- The CBTC system provides automatic train protection, operation and supervision functions to run trains automatically, safely and reliably at high frequencies.
- Implementation of the advanced CBTC system for such a large metro presented challenges as the first such system in the Middle East, but it has enabled highly
The document discusses the European Defence Agency's (EDA) role in military space capabilities such as satellite communication, situational awareness, and earth observation. It outlines three work strands for satellite communication: 1) a short term European SATCOM Procurement Cell, 2) a medium term European Tactical Interim Capability, and 3) a long term Secure Telecommunication by Satellite system. It also discusses EDA activities for Space Situational Awareness and the MUSIS earth observation satellite program. The document emphasizes fostering civil-military synergies and cooperation across European nations to develop cost-effective space capabilities.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The STARS project aimed to characterize railway environments to allow full implementation of GNSS in safety critical rail applications. It developed a methodology for field measurements, conducted an unprecedented measurement campaign at diverse locations, and created tools to analyze environmental factors impacting GNSS performance. The project also investigated economic impacts, ERTMS requirements, and the potential for evolved EGNOS services to fully support safety critical rail applications. STARS provided conclusions and recommendations to support further GNSS development in rail.
This document presents a strategy to improve safety, operational performance, and accessibility at the platform train interface (PTI) on Britain's railway network. It analyzes data on the 3 billion annual PTI interactions to understand risks. The strategy identifies goals in data collection, passenger flow, train stopping positions, step and gap optimization, and accessibility. Actions include immediate steps as well as short, medium and long term plans to update industry understanding and manage PTI risks over time as passenger usage increases. The goal is to reduce injuries and improve the passenger experience across all aspects of the PTI.
CL436 Transport Planning Final SubmissionGordon Best
This document proposes a light rail system to replace the existing heavy rail Cathcart Circle network in Glasgow. Key points of the proposal include:
- Adding 5 new stations to improve accessibility and distribute passenger load more evenly across stations experiencing high usage.
- Converting to light rail will increase line capacity through more frequent trips facilitated by the faster acceleration/braking of light rail vehicles compared to heavy rail.
- Accessibility for all passengers, including disabled users, will be improved through ground-level boarding enabled by light rail vehicle design.
- Stations are well-located along the route but some sections would benefit from an additional station to service densely populated nearby areas.
Ansaldo STS at CPExpo 2013: The role of satellite technologies and GALILEO fo...Leonardo
Ansaldo STS at CPExpo 2013: The role of satellite technologies and GALILEO for improving the safety of the local and regional train management infrastructures
This document summarizes an academic paper about using a partially observable Markov decision process to improve handoff latency in an automatic train control system that uses wireless local area networks with multiple-input multiple-output technologies. The objective is to reduce handoff decision time by considering channel estimation errors and balancing multiplexing gain versus diversity gain. It also provides background on train control systems, noting their evolution from mechanical to electromechanical to computer-based systems using wayside communication to determine train locations and ensure safe movement between tracks.
1) The document discusses plans for a metro system in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia to address future transportation demands and congestion issues. It proposes an east-west metro line in the initial phase along with BRT lines and improved road networks.
2) Technical details of the proposed metro include underground, elevated, and at-grade sections using different construction methods. Operation plans include train capacity, headways, and travel times for the proposed 18km east-west line.
3) A public-private partnership model is suggested to implement the project, with funding from international organizations, investors, and government subsidies. Financial analysis shows the metro project is economically viable and could yield economic benefits through impacts on real
With the recent advancement of technology, a new technology named VANET (Vehicular Adhoc
Network) is emerging day by day. VANET is a wireless communication between vehicles to vehicles
and RSU (vehicles to road side units). It is different from MANET, so the challenges of VANET are also
different from MANET. It has many challenges like safety, traffic and user application based challenges
which require some particular design. The vehicular mobility model plays a vital role in examining
different challenges. There are different models for different purposes and for getting better results we
have to apply the correct model which is suitable for the particular situation. In this paper, a proper
classification is done between different vehicular mobility models with respect to their types, sub types,
usage (interaction level), evaluating purpose and example of each model is also provided
The Standardisation Platform of UIC, the worldwide railway organisation, successfully held its annual plenary meeting on 17th September in Paris.
(Paris, 20 September 2019) In addition to the plenary discussions, a global panel of speakers presented a wide range of topics under the headline of “Railway 4.0: Standardisation for a fully-integrated digital railway system".
The focus was on how standards, recognised as a key lever to increase system performance, achieve cost reduction and to enlarge the range of personalised services offered to the end users of railway transportation, can help to facilitate the digitalisation agenda.
U.S. Intelligent Transportation Systems – Trends, Signals & Cases. Team Finla...Team Finland Future Watch
This document provides an overview of intelligent transportation systems in the United States. It discusses several pilots and demonstrations of vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure technologies, such as the Safety Pilot Model Deployment and the SFpark and Midtown in Motion projects. It also covers emerging applications including automated and autonomous vehicles, as well as new mobility services and the development of applications that utilize open transportation data.
AUTOMATION: LESSONS LEARNT FROM SESAR by Michael StandarALIAS Network
- SESAR aims to modernize European air traffic management through the implementation of new technologies and automation. This involves integrating airports, moving to 4D trajectory-based operations, increased automation, system-wide information sharing, and collaborative network planning.
- SESAR uses an "innovation pipeline" approach, starting with exploratory research and moving solutions through phases of validation, demonstration at scale, and finally deployment support. Over 400 exercises involving 8000 experts from across the industry have been conducted to validate solutions.
- Large-scale demonstrations in 2015 aim to confirm global interoperability of SESAR solutions and accelerate their acceptance and industrialization. Coordination is also occurring with related programs like NextGen to ensure worldwide inter
Weigh-in-motion systems are used to determine the weight of vehicle while it is in motion. It is used for vehicle overweight enforcement. Various classifications and types of WIM systems - pavement-based, bridge-based, low-speed and high-speed WIM etc are included. Status of WIM implementation in India is also stated in the presentation
This document is a CV for Ibrahim Ramadan Mohamed. It outlines his personal and contact information, education background (a BSc in Electrical Power and Machines from Cairo University in 2009), computer skills including Microsoft Office and AutoCAD, language skills in Arabic, English and German, and work experience including his current role as a senior signalling and train control systems engineer at Alstom Transport Egypt since 2011 where he performs maintenance, testing and commissioning tasks. It also lists courses taken in teamwork, problem solving, communication and AutoCAD.
The document discusses Internet of Things (IoT) solutions for rail systems. It outlines challenges around safety, security and operational efficiency in rail transportation. It then describes ALE's networking solutions for rail, including applications for different rail subsystems, security features, and examples of rail customers that have implemented ALE's solutions.
IRJET- Comparative Study of Effect of Varying Span Length on Major Elemen...IRJET Journal
This document compares two curved bridge models for a metro system with a total span of 100 meters. Model 1 has a mid span of 70 meters and side spans of 15 meters each. Model 2 has a mid span of 40 meters and side spans of 30 meters each. The study aims to determine a suitable bridge design for the metro system that considers both construction and traffic planning issues. The models are analyzed using STAAD Pro software to calculate responses like displacement, stress, and loading based on Indian codes. The results will help generalize the metro bridge design and traffic planning for this location.
Transport Systems Catapult (TSC) is addressing barriers to connected and automated transport (CAT) in order to boost the UK's share of the market. TSC is working on projects related to ethics and trust, safety standards and regulation, systems integration and infrastructure, and predicting CAT uptake. Some specific projects include enabling automated vehicle trials, developing CAT standards and forecasting the CAT market. TSC is also conducting collaborative research on challenges of automated driving, multi-car collision avoidance, and using simulation testing to certify automated vehicles.
This document discusses using virtual coupling to increase railway line capacity. Virtual coupling would allow trains to virtually join together by reducing headways. This could transfer achievements from vehicle platooning to railways. The document proposes a vision of virtual coupling integrated with ERTMS Level 3 moving block signaling. Trains would communicate position/speed and follow a desired spacing profile determined by the radio block center. A stochastic Petri net model is presented and simulated, showing virtual coupling could increase train frequency on a high-speed line from 20 to 100 trains per hour by reducing headways from 3 to 0.36 minutes. Compatibility with ERTMS standards is discussed.
Transport Network Analysis for Smart Open FleetsMiguel Rebollo
Extension of a framework to organize open fllets for last-mile delivery. It includes a module to analyze the transport network of a city as a complex network. A sample of the bike rental service is shown.
Detect of Railroad using Image Processing and Applying it on Syrian RailwaysIRJET Journal
The document proposes a method for detecting railroad tracks in Syria using image processing of videos captured by a camera mounted on a locomotive. The method uses Python and OpenCV to process video frames through steps like grayscale conversion, noise filtering, Canny edge detection, region of interest selection, erosion, dilation and Hough transforms to extract the railroad tracks. Experimental results found that the proposed method can accurately detect curves in the two railroad lines in real-time with faster processing times than other methods. The system could help monitor the condition of Syrian railways after damage from conflict.
A unified approach for uml based safety oriented level crossing using fta and...Anit Thapaliya
This paper proposes a unified approach for UML based safety oriented railway level crossing using model checking and fault tree analysis. The main goal of this research is to show the possibility to combine the concept of traditional safety analysis technique FTA and formal verification technique model checking for UML based safety oriented railway level crossing system.
CBTC fitting strategies and challenges for maintenance vehiclesSYSTRA
The global deployment of CBTC technology in mass transit transportation system is slowly but surely stepping into the infrastructure maintenance vehicles operation, raising the question about the automation level required for these specific rolling stock vehicles.
Depending on the chosen automation levels, the effort level required to overcome the technical challenges requires proper assessment. Undertaking a multi-disciplinary criteria approach analysis with the right level of expertise at the early stages of the project will ensure that the investments will adequately meet the needs of the end users.
Project report for railway security monotorin systemASWATHY VG
The document discusses railway safety and proposes a railway security monitoring system using vibration sensors and ZigBee technology. It begins with background on railway accidents and the need to improve safety. The existing signaling system relies on human communication, leading to errors. The proposed system uses vibration sensors on trains to detect collisions or derailment. It uses ZigBee for two-way communication between trains and control centers to automatically control railway gates and avert accidents in real-time. The system is expected to improve safety at a low cost without replacing existing infrastructure.
The document discusses the Mechanical Engineering department at IIT Kanpur. It describes some of the research areas and projects being conducted, including developing train safety systems like wheel impact load detection and derailment detection devices. It also discusses research on measuring wheel technology, onboard diagnosis systems, bogie design, and developing stability control for cars. The department has strong programs in areas like computational mechanics, materials science, robotics, and is growing its nuclear engineering program.
This document discusses Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs). It describes VANETs as wireless networks that allow communication between vehicles and nearby roadside units to provide connectivity and support intelligent transportation systems. The architecture includes in-vehicle, vehicle-to-vehicle, vehicle-to-infrastructure, and vehicle-to-cloud communication. Applications include safety features like collision alerts, entertainment like internet access, and services like GPS. Security is a major challenge due to the open network architecture and ensuring authentication, availability, non-repudiation, privacy, and data verification is difficult. Future work is needed to address security and refine VANET technologies.
How technology road mapping facilitate organizational large scale change Majid Babaie, MBA, PMP
This document is a thesis submitted by Majid Babaie Ebrahimabadi to Prof. Ian Lee evaluating technology roadmapping for providing appropriate electrical train technology for the Tehran-Mashed railway in Iran. It begins with an abstract and introduction, then analyzes Iran's macroeconomic environment and transportation industry. Next, it describes the Tehran-Mashed railway project and identifies high-speed trains as the preferred technology. It then discusses technology roadmapping and uses it to select technologies through analyzing market requirements, identifying alternatives, and creating a roadmap. The thesis evaluates tilting trains, conventional high-speed trains, and maglev trains, and recommends a combination of the first two options in a 20-year plan.
LTC, Annual Forum, The Direction of Technology in Transportation, 05/13/2011,...LTC @ CSUSB
This document provides an overview and update on Metrolink's implementation of Positive Train Control (PTC) technology across its rail network in Southern California. Some key points:
- Metrolink operates 7 routes across 550 miles with 55 stations and carries 45,000 daily riders.
- The Rail Safety Improvement Act of 2008 mandates PTC technology be implemented by 2015 to prevent train collisions and derailments.
- Metrolink's PTC system will involve wayside radio locations, a communication network, and onboard train equipment to monitor train locations and speeds.
- Implementation faces challenges with rugged terrain, long tunnels, and ensuring interoperability across host freight railroads.
- Upgrades to
This curriculum vitae summarizes Sossio Russo's work experience and qualifications. He has over 10 years of experience as a RAMS and V&V engineer for railway and metro signaling systems. Currently he works as a Work Package Leader for System RAMS at Intecs S.p.A., where he is responsible for safety activities, risk management, and validation and verification of railway projects according to European standards. He has managed safety analyses, documentation, certification, and testing on numerous projects in Italy. Russo holds a Master's degree in Electronic Engineering and is proficient in English.
Model-driven availability evaluation of railway control systemsstefanounina2
The slides are relative to the presentation of the omonymous paper at the 30th International Conference on Computer Safety, Reliability and Security (Safecomp 2011).
This paper is about the generation of formal models form high level specification for the evaluation of maintenance on critical computer based systems.
This document provides an overview of routing protocols in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). It discusses the characteristics of VANETs, including their dynamic topology. It then reviews several categories of routing protocols that have been proposed for VANETs, including topology-based, position-based, geocast-based, cluster-based, and broadcast-based protocols. It compares these protocols and identifies challenges in developing a routing protocol that can efficiently handle the dynamic nature of VANETs.
Communications Based Train Control Conference London March 12 2014 James Nesbitt
Transport industry leaders create a common voice on critical Communications Based Train Control issues on our one day conference and post event workshop. Addressing implementation, cost and maintenance, risk assessments and interoperability challenges, don't miss this informative networking opportunity
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Performance and Safety challenges of the next railways
1. Performance and safety challenges of
the next generation railways
Stefano Marrone
Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica
Università della Campania «Luigi Vanvitelli»
Caserta - Italy
2. Overview
• The evolution of railways
• The ERTMS standard
• Research & funding programmes
• The PERFORMINGRAIL project
• Future Railways – challenges
• Moving block
• Virtual coupling
• IA & Railways
• The two faces of the security
• Interoperability (not what you’re thinking about….)
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
3. Stefano Marrone
• Assistant professor @Università della Campania «Luigi Vanvitelli»
• Professional background in railway industry
• Research interests:
• V&V of critical systems
• Application of formal methods in industrial settings
• Model-Driven Engineering
• Domains
• Healthcare
• Industrial Control Systems
• Railway Signalling (this was easy )
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
4. WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
Evolution of Railways
5. Railways in ‘20s (1920)
• Focus on the network
• What about speed??
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
Schwartz, Robert & Gregory, Ian & Thevenin, Thomas. (2011). Spatial History: Railways, Uneven
Development, and Population Change in France and Great Britain, 1850–1914. Journal of Interdisciplinary
History - J INTERDISCIPL HIST. 42. 53-88. 10.1162/JINH_a_00205.
6. Railways in ‘20s (2020)
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
There is at least one technology in America,
however, that is worse now than it was in the
early 20th century: the train.
https://slate.com/human-interest/2009/05/why-trains-run-slower-now-than-they-did-in-the-1920s.html
But it was not uncommon for the Zephyr or other
trains to hit speeds of more than 100 mph in the
1930s. Today's “high-speed” Acela service on
Amtrak has an average speed of 87 mph and a
rarely hit peak speed of 150 mph. (The engine
itself could top 200 mph.)
How to
conciliate?
7. The many faces of railways (I)
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
8. The many faces of railways (II)
• Speed
• Safety
• Interoperability
• technical
• process
• Capacity
• Availability
• structural
• service
• Security
• physical
• security
• Energy saving
• User experience
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
International
standards rule!
Rate of dangerous
failures per hour
(THP)
Rate of dangerous failures per
hour (THR)
Safety Integrity Level
< 10-10 < 10-8 4
< 10 -8 < 10-7 3
< 10-7 < 10 -6 2
< 10 -5 < 10 -5 1
9. WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
Standards in Railways
10. The role of the standards
• To foster interoperability
• To define acceptable risk assessment processes & criteria
• To provide guidelines & constraints for design and V&V processes
• To provide a proper separation of concerns among railway features
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
12. European Railway Traffic Management
System (ERTMS)
Objectives
• to create Core Network Corridors
https://ec.europa.eu/transport/infrastructure/tentec/tentec-portal/map/maps.html
• 50.000 Km by 2030
• Not only in Europe (51 worldwide countries)
Two main components:
• European Train Control Systems
• GSM-R
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
14. ETCS
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
• Three main objectives:
• Technical interoperability (on-board / trackside)
• Safety increase
• Train speed & lines capacity improvement
• Three levels (L1 to L3)
15. ETCS
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
Communication Track Occupation Outdistancing
L1 Discontinuous
Trackside Fixed Block
L2
Continuous
L3 Train Integrity Moving Block
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqstCekSABvo3bq7GjRA0Og/videos
16. WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
Research & funding in Railways
17. Research in railways
«Railways», CS/MATH/ENG, 2015+
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
18. Research in railways – papers per countries
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
19. Research in railways – international
collaborations
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
20. Research in railways – academy-industry
collaborations
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
21. Research in railways – first quartile
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
22. Funding programme – Shift-to-Rail
• 16 December 2013: Publication by the European Commission of a legislative
proposal to launch SHIFT²RAIL, an ambitious new European Research &
Innovation Programme that aims to:
• Increase the competitiveness of the EU rail industry to help it retain world leadership
• increase the attractiveness of rail transport.
• A future public-private Joint Undertaking under Horizon 2020
• Proposed budget of 920 Million Euros for 2014-2020, including 450 Million
from the EU and 470 Million from the Industry
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
23. Funding programme – Shift-to-Rail
• Innovation Programs
• IP1 – rolling stocks (traction and braking system)
• IP2 – command & control (moving block, virtual coupling)
• IP3 – train infrastructure
• IP4 – service (smart ticketing, multimodality)
• IP5 – freight market
• CCA (cross cutting activities)
• IPX – (think about a current buzzword…)
• Two kinds of projects (member calls and open calls)
• Coupled projects
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
24. Funding programme – Shift-to-Rail
• What about 2050?
• Passenger traffic
• The majority of medium-distance passenger transport should go by rail
• High-speed rail outpacing the increase in aviation for journeys up to 1000 km
• By 2050, connect all core network airports to the rail network
• Freight traffic
• Greater use of more energy-efficient modes – 30% of road freight over 300 km should
shift to other modes by 2030, and more than 50% by 2050
• Rail freight almost doubled – +360 billion ton-km (+87%) compared to 2005
• Deployment of ERTMS
• By 2050, connect all seaports to the rail freight system
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
25. • Definition of Specifications for safe and performing moving block operations
• Formal modelling of moving-block specifications
• Identification of Moving-block hazards
• Development of Fail-safe train localisation solution
• Design of Future Traffic Management Architecture for Moving-Block
• Implementing of a Moving-block testing platform
• Proof-of-concept and Assessment of moving-block specifications and models
• Recommendations for safe and performing moving-block configurations
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
@PerformingRail
www.performingrail.com
PERformance-based Formal modelling and Optimal
tRaffic Management for movING-block RAILway
signalling
S2R-OC-IP2-01-2020
from 01/12/2020 to 30/06/2023
Coordinator: Lei Chen (University of Birmingham)
Complementary projects: X2RAIL-5, X2RAIL-3
26. WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
Preliminary safety analysis & hazard list
Fail-Safe Train Positioning
Formal Methods (taxonomy and survey)
Fail-Safe Train Positioning
Formal models & hazards
Moving Block
Operational and
Engineering Rules
Operational Scenarios for
Virtual Coupling
Specification of formal
development demonstrator
Related S2R projects
27. WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
The challenges
28. Moving block
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
• Needs
• improve the capacity of the
lines
• Facts
• Position is given by the
infrastructure and not by
train
• Increasing track circuits
granularity not
sustainable
C. Tyler Dick et al., Relative Capacity and Performance of Fixed- and Moving-Block Control Systems on North American Freight Railway
Lines and Shared Passenger Corridors, Transportation Research Records, 2019
29. Moving block (challenges)
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
• Train Integrity Monitoring Systems
• being aware of a train losing its parts in
SIL4 (THR < 10-8)
• GNSS
• Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)
• Pipe-Brake
• Ensemble methods!
https://business.esa.int/projects/3tims
30. Moving block (challenges)
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
• Positioning (standard requirements)
• Accuracy of distances measured on-board: for
every measured distance s the accuracy shall
be better or equal to ±(5m + 5% s)
• Accuracy of speed known on-board: ±2 km/h
for speed lower than 30 km/h, then
increasing linearly up to ±12 km/h at 500
km/h.
• Age of speed and position measurement for
position report to trackside: the speed and
the position of the train front indicated in a
position report shall be estimated less than 1
sec before the beginning of the
corresponding position report.
31. Moving block (challenges)
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
• Technologies
• GNSS
• Odometry
• Balises
• In station
• GNSS localization in station could be difficult
because of a poor or blocked sky visibility and
the presence of multipath.
• At the start of mission, on-board odometry
and/or inertial systems are useless in the
absence of an absolute position
• The localization in station is required to be
especially precise.
• In tunnels
• No GNSS
• inertial solution may drift and such drift is
dependent on the length of the tunnel.
• In proximity of major railway exchanges and
parallel branches
• GNSS standalone could have difficulty in
achieving the necessary accuracy to discriminate
among several close tracks.
32. Moving block (challenges)
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
• Communication
• Not those holes
• Trackside needs to know the position
• Conservative track reservation mechanisms
• How to solve?
• Failures
• RBC must hold disconnected train information (different from L2)
• What happens if RBC fails?
• Mixed-traffic modes
• Ghost train (train with no radio communication)
• Shadow train (ghost train following a L3 train)
Sweeping Train
33. Moving block
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
• Where
• Now: metro lines (Computer-based Train Control)
• Future: heavy railways, freights
• Advantages
• Train headway is halved with respect to three-aspects signalling
• Doubled line capacity
• Reduce infrastructure costs (-18% of maintenance costs London
Tube)
• Energy saving (15% of energy in Metro Paris)
• Improve availability
34. Virtual coupling (a.k.a. soft-wall moving block)
• Needs
• Improve the capacity of the lines (again!)
• Facts
• Same concept of platooning in vehichles
• Relying on Moving Block
• A Train Convoy or Virtual Coupled Train Set (VCTS) is a formation of virtually coupled
trains is viewed as one train by the interlocking systems.
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
35. Virtual coupling (challenges)
• High business risks
• it’s hard to estimate
• Is it worthy?
• High technological risks
• Risk are worsened by hazards impact
• V2I/V2V communications
• Fast communications
• Cybersecurity first!
• Availability issues
• Critical scenarios
• Joining
• Splitting
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
36. Virtual coupling
• Where
• Future: everywhere (theoretically!)
• Advantages
• Capacity increase
• Mainline (from 15% to 30%)
• Freights (from 25% to 50%)
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
37. AI & Railways
• Needs
• Improve quality and lower costs (an easy target!!)
• Facts
• CENELEC standards do not foster non-verifiable techniques
• Strong design and programming guidelines
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
38. AI & Railways (challenges)
• Trustwortht AI
• Ethics, Privacy, Respect for the freedom
• Prevention of any kind of harm, fair, explainable
• …. But what is «human» behaviour?
• Emergent Behaviour
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-07135-0
39. AI & Railways (challenges)
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
• Emergent behaviours
• ATO: computer visions in
urban contexts
• Predictive maintenance:
certification vs IoT
40. AI & Railways
• Where
• rail safety and automation (driverless ATO)
• predictive maintenance and defect detection
• traffic planning and management
• No signalling, please!!!
• Advantages
• Too many to enumerate but will it be technically feasible? Legally feasible? And
worthy?
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
41. Security
• Needs
• to continue keeping
people (& service)
safe and operative
• Facts
• Threats may be
physical, cyber or
phygital
• Some protocols
adopted in railways
would be banned in
other domains….
TripleDES!!!
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
42. Cybersecurity (research)
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
• Key Management Systems
• ERTMS standard
• Full (secure) interoperability
• Online/offline standard
• Online authentication is far from being
implemented
• Next goals: change of mind-set
• Cybersecurity practices in the rail sector are
evolving. Cybersecurity is slowly being
integrated into the design of IT and OT for
transport systems. Cybersecurity culture builds
up among rail stakeholders, both OES and
their suppliers. [ENISA].
43. Security(s)
• Where
• All configurations: metro, high speed,…
• Advantages
• safety,
• service availability,
• increase traffic (due to an increased perception of
security)
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
44. Interoperability
• Needs
• Unifying modelling and analysis approaches in different contexts
• Facts
• Each national authority has its own signalling system
• ERTMS does not cover national signalling
• At each technological innovation there is a reinvention of the wheel!!
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
45. Interoperability – Reference CCS
architecture
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
• Rail System Model
• topo[logy|graphy]
• For graph walking algorithms
• Positioning algorithms
• Track alignment
• For energy optimal driving
• EULYNX
• All you need to build the Signalling
system
• Routes
• Overlaps
• Signalled (ETCS) profiles
• Gradient
• Speeds
• Transforms into XSD, C#, …
dataprep.eulynx.eu
46. Interoperability (advantages)
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
“It is unworthy of excellent men to lose hours like slaves in the
labour of calculation which could safely be relegated to anyone
else if machines were used.”
― Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
47. Contacts
WOSP-C, 20/04/2021, on-line S. Marrone - Performance and safety challenges of the next generation railways
stefano.marrone@unicampania.it