The document summarizes ancient Greek history from 431 BC to the rise of Rome in the 1st and 2nd centuries BC. It describes the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta, in which Athens was eventually defeated due to a plague and failure in Sicily. Spartan domination lasted only 25 years before being overthrown by Thebes, which then dominated Greece until being defeated by Philip II of Macedon in 338 BC. Alexander the Great's empire was later split among his generals, remaining stable until the rise of Rome.