This document provides definitions and information about various topics in pathology of the newborn. It discusses basic definitions of terms like abortion, delivery, and fetal maturity. It also describes the Apgar score system used to evaluate newborns and outcomes associated with different scores. Causes of prenatal and neonatal death are explained. Immaturity of organs in preterm infants and various types of lung pathology affecting newborns are also outlined.
This Journal Club presentation provides a summary and discussion of the following free access article published in UOG:
Perinatal outcome in women treated with progesterone for the prevention of preterm birth: a meta-analysis
A. Sotiriadis, S. Papatheodrou, G. Makrydimas
Volume 40, Issue 3, Date: September 2012, pages 257-266
It can be accessed here:
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/uog.11178/abstract
Maternal Care: Skills workshop General examination of the abdomen in pregnancySaide OER Africa
Maternal Care addresses all the common and important problems that occur during pregnancy, labour, delivery and the puerperium. It covers: the antenatal and postnatal care of healthy women with normal pregnancies, monitoring and managing the progress of labour, specific medical problems during pregnancy, labour and the puerperium, family planning, regionalised perinatal care
This Journal Club presentation provides a summary and discussion of the following free access article published in UOG:
Perinatal outcome in women treated with progesterone for the prevention of preterm birth: a meta-analysis
A. Sotiriadis, S. Papatheodrou, G. Makrydimas
Volume 40, Issue 3, Date: September 2012, pages 257-266
It can be accessed here:
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/uog.11178/abstract
Maternal Care: Skills workshop General examination of the abdomen in pregnancySaide OER Africa
Maternal Care addresses all the common and important problems that occur during pregnancy, labour, delivery and the puerperium. It covers: the antenatal and postnatal care of healthy women with normal pregnancies, monitoring and managing the progress of labour, specific medical problems during pregnancy, labour and the puerperium, family planning, regionalised perinatal care
lowest heart rate
lowest mean arterial pressure
estimated blood loss
A score built from these 3 predictors has proved strongly predictive of the risk of major postoperative complications and death in general and vascular surgery
Synchronous ERP created its own EDI engine called Heuristic EDI (HEDI). Heuristic is based on artificial intelligence principles to eliminate complex mapping logic and was designed from the ground up to seamlessly integrate with our ERP software. The extraordinary reduction in complexity allows any organization to participate in a competitive marketplace, no matter its size.
lowest heart rate
lowest mean arterial pressure
estimated blood loss
A score built from these 3 predictors has proved strongly predictive of the risk of major postoperative complications and death in general and vascular surgery
Synchronous ERP created its own EDI engine called Heuristic EDI (HEDI). Heuristic is based on artificial intelligence principles to eliminate complex mapping logic and was designed from the ground up to seamlessly integrate with our ERP software. The extraordinary reduction in complexity allows any organization to participate in a competitive marketplace, no matter its size.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...
Pedi en
1. Pathology of the
newborn
Basic definitions
Apgar score
Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pathology of the newborn Pneumopatology
of the newborn
2. Pathology of the
Basic definitions newborn
Abortion
Basic definitions
Delivery Apgar score
Fetus immaturus non vitalis Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Fetus immaturus vitalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Fetus maturus
Fetus permaturus
dead born fetus < 1000 g
alive born fetus < 500 g, if survives no longer than
24 hours
3. Pathology of the
Basic definitions newborn
Abortion
Basic definitions
Delivery Apgar score
Fetus immaturus non vitalis Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Fetus immaturus vitalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Fetus maturus
Fetus permaturus
alive born fetus over 500 g
alive born fetus under 500 g, surviving more than 24
hours
4. Pathology of the
Basic definitions newborn
Abortion
Basic definitions
Delivery Apgar score
Fetus immaturus non vitalis Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Fetus immaturus vitalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Fetus maturus
Fetus permaturus
weight less than 1000 g
usual length under 38 cm
born before 28 week of gestation
5. Pathology of the
Basic definitions newborn
Abortion
Basic definitions
Delivery Apgar score
Fetus immaturus non vitalis Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Fetus immaturus vitalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Fetus maturus
Fetus permaturus
weight 1000 – 2500
29 – 38 week
6. Pathology of the
Basic definitions newborn
Abortion
Basic definitions
Delivery Apgar score
Fetus immaturus non vitalis Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Fetus immaturus vitalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Fetus maturus
Fetus permaturus
7. Pathology of the
Basic definitions newborn
Abortion
Basic definitions
Delivery Apgar score
Fetus immaturus non vitalis Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Fetus immaturus vitalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Fetus maturus
Fetus permaturus
weight over 4000 g
length over 52 cm
born after 41 week of gestation
8. Pathology of the
Hypotrophy of the fetus newborn
Small for date
Basic definitions
Multiple pregnancy Apgar score
Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
placental insufficiency
metabolic diseases
alcohol
...
9. Pathology of the
Hypotrophy of the fetus newborn
Small for date
Basic definitions
Multiple pregnancy Apgar score
Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
physiological
child is small, but usually quickly catches up
10. Pathology of the
Apgar score newborn
Heart rate
Basic definitions
Respiration Apgar score
Muscular tone Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Reaction to nasal catether
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Color
not present (0 points)
under 100 (1 point)
over 100 (2 points)
11. Pathology of the
Apgar score newborn
Heart rate
Basic definitions
Respiration Apgar score
Muscular tone Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Reaction to nasal catether
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Color
not present (0 points)
slow, irregular (1 point)
good, cry (2 points)
12. Pathology of the
Apgar score newborn
Heart rate
Basic definitions
Respiration Apgar score
Muscular tone Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Reaction to nasal catether
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Color
week (0 points)
extremities flexed (1 point)
active movements (2 points)
13. Pathology of the
Apgar score newborn
Heart rate
Basic definitions
Respiration Apgar score
Muscular tone Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Reaction to nasal catether
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Color
no response (0 points)
grimase (1 point)
cry (2 points)
14. Pathology of the
Apgar score newborn
Heart rate
Basic definitions
Respiration Apgar score
Muscular tone Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Reaction to nasal catether
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Color
general cyanosis (0 points)
body pink, extremities cyanotic (1 point)
whole newborn is pink (2 points)
15. Pathology of the
Results of Apgar score newborn
AS < 2
Basic definitions
AS 4 – 6 Apgar score
AS > 7 Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
mortality 50 %
16. Pathology of the
Results of Apgar score newborn
AS < 2
Basic definitions
AS 4 – 6 Apgar score
AS > 7 Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
mortality 20 %
17. Pathology of the
Results of Apgar score newborn
AS < 2
Basic definitions
AS 4 – 6 Apgar score
AS > 7 Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
almost all newborns survive
18. Pathology of the
Mors praenatalis newborn
No signs of life
Basic definitions
Maceration (I. – III. grade) Apgar score
Intrauterine asphyxia Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
no respiration, heart action, movement
19. Pathology of the
Mors praenatalis newborn
No signs of life
Basic definitions
Maceration (I. – III. grade) Apgar score
Intrauterine asphyxia Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
I.: skin
II.: organs, brain
III.: softening of ligaments and joints
20. Pathology of the
Mors praenatalis newborn
No signs of life
Basic definitions
Maceration (I. – III. grade) Apgar score
Intrauterine asphyxia Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
alteration of the heart rate
petechiae, ecchymoses
release of meconium into the amnial fluid
premature activation of respiration
aspiration of amniotic fluid (lanugo, meconium
bodies)
21. Pathology of the
Macerace, gr. III. newborn
Basic definitions
Apgar score
Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
22. Pathology of the
Macerace, gr. III. newborn
Basic definitions
Apgar score
Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
23. Pathology of the
Mors neonatalis newborn
Before the 28th day
Basic definitions
Mechanical trauma during the delivery Apgar score
Ischemia during the delivery Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Morbus haemorrhagicus neonatorum
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Sepsis neonatorum
Congenital malformations, genetic diseases
Congenital tumors
early newborns: up to 7th day
24. Pathology of the
Mors neonatalis newborn
Before the 28th day
Basic definitions
Mechanical trauma during the delivery Apgar score
Ischemia during the delivery Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Morbus haemorrhagicus neonatorum
Pneumopatology
Sepsis neonatorum of the newborn
Congenital malformations, genetic diseases
Congenital tumors
CNS hemorrhage
rupture of the tentorium
spinal column trauma
bone fractures
hematomas
25. Pathology of the
Mors neonatalis newborn
Before the 28th day
Basic definitions
Mechanical trauma during the delivery Apgar score
Ischemia during the delivery Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Morbus haemorrhagicus neonatorum
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Sepsis neonatorum
Congenital malformations, genetic diseases
Congenital tumors
damage and bleeding into the CNS (especially in
immature newborns)
26. Pathology of the
Mors neonatalis newborn
Before the 28th day
Basic definitions
Mechanical trauma during the delivery Apgar score
Ischemia during the delivery Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Morbus haemorrhagicus neonatorum
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Sepsis neonatorum
Congenital malformations, genetic diseases
Congenital tumors
heemorhagic diathesis (lack of vitamin K)
multiple organ bleedings
27. Pathology of the
Mors neonatalis newborn
Before the 28th day
Basic definitions
Mechanical trauma during the delivery Apgar score
Ischemia during the delivery Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Morbus haemorrhagicus neonatorum
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Sepsis neonatorum
Congenital malformations, genetic diseases
Congenital tumors
abruption of the placenta
chorioamnionitis
generalized infection of the mother
respirators, catethers (umbilical catethers)
28. Pathology of the
Mors neonatalis newborn
Before the 28th day
Basic definitions
Mechanical trauma during the delivery Apgar score
Ischemia during the delivery Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Morbus haemorrhagicus neonatorum
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Sepsis neonatorum
Congenital malformations, genetic diseases
Congenital tumors
organ malformations (CNS, the heard and blood
vesels, urogenital tract)
29. Pathology of the
Mors neonatalis newborn
Before the 28th day
Basic definitions
Mechanical trauma during the delivery Apgar score
Ischemia during the delivery Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Morbus haemorrhagicus neonatorum
Pneumopatology
Sepsis neonatorum of the newborn
Congenital malformations, genetic diseases
Congenital tumors
teratomas
Willms tumor
nephroblastoma
retinoblastoma
hepatoblastoma
30. Pathology of the
Immaturity newborn
Lungs
Basic definitions
CNS Apgar score
Kidney Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Intestine
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
to 24. week: tubuloalveolar
to 28. week: transformation to alveolar lung
to 29. week: the lungs are fully alveolar
further development, pneumocytes of the 1st and
2nd type, surfactant production
31. Pathology of the
Immaturity newborn
Lungs
Basic definitions
CNS Apgar score
Kidney Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Intestine
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
gyrification of the brain: after 6th month
persistency of the germinative periventricular layer
32. Pathology of the
Immaturity newborn
Lungs
Basic definitions
CNS Apgar score
Kidney Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Intestine
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
immature glomeruli
33. Pathology of the
Immaturity newborn
Lungs
Basic definitions
CNS Apgar score
Kidney Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Intestine
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
34. Pathology of the
Pneumopatology of the newborn newborn
Hyaline membranes
Basic definitions
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Apgar score
Interstitial emphysema Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Aspiration of amniotic fluid
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Adnate bronchopneumonia
Atelectasis
immaturity of pulmonary parenchyma
affects immature newborns
35. Pathology of the
Pneumopatology of the newborn newborn
Hyaline membranes
Basic definitions
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Apgar score
Interstitial emphysema Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Aspiration of amniotic fluid
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Adnate bronchopneumonia
Atelectasis
affects newborns, who survived the RDS with hyaline
membranes
corresponds to reparation of pulmonary tissue
36. Pathology of the
Pneumopatology of the newborn newborn
Hyaline membranes
Basic definitions
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Apgar score
Interstitial emphysema Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Aspiration of amniotic fluid
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Adnate bronchopneumonia
Atelectasis
caused by arteficial ventilation of the newborns with
atelectasis
gas bubbles enter the the interstitium
may get as far as soft tissues of the mediastinum
37. Pathology of the
Pneumopatology of the newborn newborn
Hyaline membranes
Basic definitions
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Apgar score
Interstitial emphysema Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Aspiration of amniotic fluid
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Adnate bronchopneumonia
Atelectasis
fetal asphyxia
premature activation of the respiratory reflex
38. Pathology of the
Pneumopatology of the newborn newborn
Hyaline membranes
Basic definitions
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Apgar score
Interstitial emphysema Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Aspiration of amniotic fluid
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Adnate bronchopneumonia
Atelectasis
infection of the mother
amniotic fluid infection
39. Pathology of the
Pneumopatology of the newborn newborn
Hyaline membranes
Basic definitions
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Apgar score
Interstitial emphysema Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Aspiration of amniotic fluid
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
Adnate bronchopneumonia
Atelectasis
not enough air within the lungs
40. Pathology of the
Hyaline membrane syndrome newborn
Affects immature newborns
Basic definitions
RDS, immature lung Apgar score
Oxygen administration is necessary Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Toxic oxygen damages alveolar lining
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
under 2000 g
41. Pathology of the
Hyaline membrane syndrome newborn
Affects immature newborns
Basic definitions
RDS, immature lung Apgar score
Oxygen administration is necessary Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Toxic oxygen damages alveolar lining
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
no surfactant (pneumocytes of the 2nd type)
the lung collapses during the expirium
inspiration requires increased effort
42. Pathology of the
Hyaline membrane syndrome newborn
Affects immature newborns
Basic definitions
RDS, immature lung Apgar score
Oxygen administration is necessary Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Toxic oxygen damages alveolar lining
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
increased concetration of oxygen is inevitable
(incubator)
it is necessary to keep oxygen levels as low as
possible
lung damage
retinal damage (retrolental fibroplasia)
43. Pathology of the
Hyaline membrane syndrome newborn
Affects immature newborns
Basic definitions
RDS, immature lung Apgar score
Oxygen administration is necessary Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Toxic oxygen damages alveolar lining
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
necrotic alveolar lining and exsudate forms hyaline
membranes
especially ventilated alveoli are damaged
the condition improves in surviving patients
44. Pathology of the
Hyaline membranes newborn
Basic definitions
Apgar score
Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
45. Pathology of the
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia newborn
Clinical signs
Basic definitions
Pathogenesis Apgar score
Histology Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
immature newborns
survived RDS, who were treated with oxygen therapy
and artifitial ventilation
changes develop gradually during months
death often within 6 months, surviving have
pulmonary disease
46. Pathology of the
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia newborn
Clinical signs
Basic definitions
Pathogenesis Apgar score
Histology Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
ventilated alveoli damaged by oxygen disappear
(fibrosis)
perialveolar fibrosis develops in partially damaged
alveoli
previously unventilated (atelectatic) alveoli develop
normally (or get hyperexpanded)
47. Pathology of the
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia newborn
Clinical signs
Basic definitions
Pathogenesis Apgar score
Histology Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
the surface of the lungs is uneven
fibrosis, irregular dilatation of alveoli (compensatory
emphysema)
48. Pathology of the
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia newborn
Basic definitions
Apgar score
Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
49. Pathology of the
Aspiration of the amniotic fluid newborn
Problem with blood supply of the fetus
Basic definitions
Clinical picture Apgar score
Histology Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Prognosis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
insufficiency of the placenta
strangulation of the umbilical cord
large infarcions of the placenta and other placental
pathology
50. Pathology of the
Aspiration of the amniotic fluid newborn
Problem with blood supply of the fetus
Basic definitions
Clinical picture Apgar score
Histology Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Prognosis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
alteration of fetal sounds
stress of the fetus leads to meconium release
activation of the respiratory reflex
51. Pathology of the
Aspiration of the amniotic fluid newborn
Problem with blood supply of the fetus
Basic definitions
Clinical picture Apgar score
Histology Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Prognosis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
tiny keratotic squames, lanugo, meconium bodies,
amnial cells are aspired to bronchi and alveoli
variable extent
52. Pathology of the
Aspiration of the amniotic fluid newborn
Problem with blood supply of the fetus
Basic definitions
Clinical picture Apgar score
Histology Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Prognosis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
massive aspiration is lethal
condition may be complicated by bronchopneumonia,
especially in infected amnial fluid
53. Pathology of the
Aspiration of the amniotic fluid newborn
Basic definitions
Apgar score
Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
54. Pathology of the
Aspiration of the amniotic fluid newborn
Basic definitions
Apgar score
Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
55. Pathology of the
Adnate pneumonia newborn
Inflammation of the lung before, during and short
Basic definitions
after the delivery Apgar score
Etiology Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Prognosis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
56. Pathology of the
Adnate pneumonia newborn
Inflammation of the lung before, during and short
Basic definitions
after the delivery Apgar score
Etiology Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Prognosis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
disease of mother (virosis. . . )
aspiration of infected amniotic fluid
incubator
57. Pathology of the
Adnate pneumonia newborn
Inflammation of the lung before, during and short
Basic definitions
after the delivery Apgar score
Etiology Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Prognosis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
serious complication of overall condition of the child
58. Pathology of the
Adnate pneumonia newborn
Basic definitions
Apgar score
Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
59. Pathology of the
Adnate pneumonia newborn
Basic definitions
Apgar score
Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
60. Pathology of the
Atelectasis newborn
Areas of unventilated lung in a newborn
Basic definitions
Usually alteration with areas ventilad normally Apgar score
Etiology Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Prognosis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
firm, dark areas of consolidated tissue
alveoli contain no air (therefore protected against
toxic oxygen)
(collapse: not ventilated pulmonary tissue, which
was ventilated previously)
61. Pathology of the
Atelectasis newborn
Areas of unventilated lung in a newborn
Basic definitions
Usually alteration with areas ventilad normally Apgar score
Etiology Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Prognosis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
surrounding tissue is hyperventilated
prominent especially in artificially ventilated babies
(emphysema)
62. Pathology of the
Atelectasis newborn
Areas of unventilated lung in a newborn
Basic definitions
Usually alteration with areas ventilad normally Apgar score
Etiology Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Prognosis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
immaturity of pulmonary tissue
aspiration
63. Pathology of the
Atelectasis newborn
Areas of unventilated lung in a newborn
Basic definitions
Usually alteration with areas ventilad normally Apgar score
Etiology Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Prognosis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn
tendency to spontaneous healing
64. Pathology of the
Atelectases, tetralogy of Fallot newborn
Basic definitions
Apgar score
Mors praenatalis
Mors neonatalis
Pneumopatology
of the newborn