This presentation demonstrates that the propensity *exposure interaction using randomized scenario data could not be reproduced in a population of adults.

1. Prof. Dr. Lieven J.R. Pauwels
t. +32 9 264 68 37
f. +32 9 264 84 94
Lieven.Pauwels @UGent.be
Choosing Crime as Alternative in What
Criminogenic Setting? An In-Depth
Examination of Sat’S Propensity Scenario
Exposure in Two Different Data Sets
Lieven J.R. Pauwels, IRCP-Ghent University
Debbie Schepers, Catholic University Eichstaett-Ingolstadt
Stefanie Eifler, Catholic University Eichstaett-Ingolstadt

2. research publications consultancy conferences
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Lieven J.R. Pauwels
+32 9 264 68 37
Lieven.PAuwels@UGent.be
• (1) Introduction & goal
• (2) Theoretical backdrop: SAT the Perception-
choice process (situational mechanism)
• RQ 1: similarities and differences in the relation between
propensity and scenario exposure (in general)
• RQ 2: Principle of moral correspondence (in general and by
self-control ability)
• (3) DATA & Analytical Strategy
• (4) Results
• (5) Implications of results
Structure of the presentation
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3. research publications consultancy conferences
www.ircp.org
Lieven J.R. Pauwels
+32 9 264 68 37
Lieven.PAuwels@UGent.be
(2) Theoretical backdrop
3
Perception of
Alternatives
Choice
Moral values
and Emotions
Executive
Functions
Act of Crime
(Rule-breaking)
Other
Opportunity Friction
Monitoring
Moral
Judgement
Self-control
ProvocationTemptation
Deterrence
INDIVIDUAL
CHARACTERSITICS
(Propensity)
BEHAVIOUR
SETTING ACT
SITUATION
(motivation)

4. research publications consultancy conferences
www.ircp.org
Prof. Dr. Lieven Pauwels
+32 9 264 68 37
Lieven.Pauwels@UGent.be
• Factorial design (see Eifler, 2007; Sauer et al, 2009;
Wallander, 2009; Jasso & Opp, 1997; Beck & Opp, 2001)
• Replication study inspired by Haar & Wikström, 2010;
Wikström et al. 2012)
• 1 vignettes per respondent: bus stop scenario
(3) Data & measures (a) Belgian data and measures
4

5. research publications consultancy conferences
www.ircp.org
Prof. Dr. Lieven Pauwels
+32 9 264 68 37
Lieven.Pauwels@UGent.be
• Online student survey + factorial survey (data collection March
2015-June 2015 time online: 2,5 months).
• E-mail link to online questionnaire (via school principals,
universities and university colleges (1st bachelor year)
• Incentive: iPad
• 1021 students filled out the online questionnaire
• Random distribution of scenarios from the scenario universe using
a randomizer algorithm (Matsumoto & Nishimura, 1998)
• PADS+ (Wikström, Oberwittler, Treiber & Hardy 2012)
• Morality scale (moral beliefs + emotions)
• Self-control ability scale
(3) Data and measures (a) Belgian data and measures
5

6. research publications consultancy conferences
www.ircp.org
Lieven J.R. Pauwels
+32 9 264 68 37
Lieven.PAuwels@UGent.be
• Study “Living Together in the City” with scenario on theft by
finding
• Sample Population: residents with a German Citizenship of the
ages 18-65 of the German City Leipzig as of 31.08.2011
• Sampling procedure: disproportional layered (by age and gender)
random sample with n=8000 of the statisitcal population register
• Survey mode: mail survey with a paper and pencil questionnaire
with an announcement a week before and a reminder two weeks
after initial mailing of questionnaire
• Data collection: October 2011 – December 2011
• Realized sample: N=2383
(3) data and measures (b) German data and
measures 1
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7. research publications consultancy conferences
www.ircp.org
Lieven J.R. Pauwels
+32 9 264 68 37
Lieven.PAuwels@UGent.be
4. Results Propensity * Exposure (Violence /
Belgium)
7

8. research publications consultancy conferences
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Lieven J.R. Pauwels
+32 9 264 68 37
Lieven.PAuwels@UGent.be
4. Results Propensity * Exposure (Theft/
Germany)
8

9. research publications consultancy conferences
www.ircp.org
Lieven J.R. Pauwels
+32 9 264 68 37
Lieven.PAuwels@UGent.be
• “The higher the correspondence
between a persons moral rules and the
moral rules of the setting in which he or
she takes part, the more likely it is the
he or she will act in accordance with the
moral rules of the setting.”
(5) The Principle of Moral Correspondence
9

10. research publications consultancy conferences
www.ircp.org
Lieven J.R. Pauwels
+32 9 264 68 37
Lieven.PAuwels@UGent.be
(5) The Principle of Moral Correspondence
10

11. research publications consultancy conferences
www.ircp.org
Lieven J.R. Pauwels
+32 9 264 68 37
Lieven.PAuwels@UGent.be
(5) The Principle of Moral Correspondence
11

12. research publications consultancy conferences
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Lieven J.R. Pauwels
+32 9 264 68 37
Lieven.PAuwels@UGent.be
A critical test of The Principle of Moral Correspondence
12

13. research publications consultancy conferences
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Lieven J.R. Pauwels
+32 9 264 68 37
Lieven.PAuwels@UGent.be
(5) A critical test of The Principle of Moral
Correspondence
13

14. research publications consultancy conferences
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Lieven J.R. Pauwels
+32 9 264 68 37
Lieven.PAuwels@UGent.be
14
(5) A critical test of The Principle of Moral
Correspondence (Theft/ Germany)

15. research publications consultancy conferences
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Lieven J.R. Pauwels
+32 9 264 68 37
Lieven.PAuwels@UGent.be
(5) A critical test of The Principle of Moral
Correspondence (Theft/ Germany)
15

16. research publications consultancy conferences
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Lieven J.R. Pauwels
+32 9 264 68 37
Lieven.PAuwels@UGent.be
• SAT Findings could not be reproduced! Why?
(6) Discussion
16

17. research publications consultancy conferences
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Lieven J.R. Pauwels
+32 9 264 68 37
Lieven.PAuwels@UGent.be
• Why?
• Measurements:
• Self-control ability (trait vs state)
• Rules: specific vs generalized morality measures
• Suggestions for future research
(6) Discussion
17

18. research publications consultancy conferences
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Lieven J.R. Pauwels
+32 9 264 68 37
Lieven.PAuwels@UGent.be
Thank you for your attention! Any questions?
18

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Contact
Lieven J.R. Pauwels
t. +32 9 264 68 37
f. +32 9 264 84 94
Lieven.Pauwels@UGent.be
IRCP
Ghent University
Universiteitstraat 4
B – 9000 Ghent