This document outlines different patterns of development that can be used when writing paragraphs or essays. It describes narration, description, definition, exemplification/classification, comparison/contrast, cause and effect, problem-solution, and persuasion as common patterns. An example is provided to illustrate comparison/contrast. The document also lists four common patterns of arrangement: general to specific, specific to general, question to answer, and order of importance.

1. PATTERNS
OF
DEVELOPMENT

2. Development – is the
process by which you support
or explain the central idea of a
paragraph, essay, or other piece
of writing.

3. Narration
A method of developing a paragraph or
essay that recalls events or explains how
something occurs.
Narratives arrange information in
chronological (time) order.

4. Description
A method of developing a paragraph or essay that
is used to explain the nature of people, places, or
things.
Descriptive essays often rely heavily on
information from the five senses: sight, hearing,
touch, smell, amd taste.

5. Definition
A method of developing a paragraph or
essay by explaining a term and distinguishing
it from related terms.

6. Exemplification/Classification
A method of developing a paragraph or
essay by distinguishing types or classes of the
subject being discussed.

7. Comparison/Contrast
A method of developing a paragraph or
essay.
Comparison points out similarities; contrast
points out differences.

8. EXAMPLE
The harpsichord and the piano are closely related. Both are
keyboard instruments and both produce sound when jacks or
hammers attached to key strike metal strings. The piano is a direct
descendant of the harpsichord and takes its shape from that
instrument. In fact, many musical compositions played on one can
be adopted to the other. However, today the piano is the more
popular of the two instruments. It is capable of producing greater
volume and variety of tone, and it is more versatile than its
predecessor. Pianos provide accompaniment for vocalists both
classical and popular, and they are used in every instrumental group
from the small dance band to the grandest symphony orchestra.

9. Cause and Effect
A method of developing a paragraph or
essay by explaining why something happens.

10. Problem - Solution
It divides information into two main sections, one
that describes a problem and one that describes a
solution.
This pattern is typically used in persuasive writing,
where the writer’s general purpose is to convince
the reader to support a certain course of action.

11. Persuasion
Trixie mae tubio jaboni

12. MASTER FOUR PATTERNS OF
ARRANGEMNT
• Begin with a general statement (topic sentence); develop
the rest of the paragraph with supporting details.General to Specific
• Begin with supporting details that lead to a broad
concluding statement (topic sentence).Specific to General
• Begin with a question; follow with details that answer that
question.Question to Answer
• Begin with the least important detail, end with the most
important detail.Order of Importance