This document summarizes a discussion on a paper about meeting China's environmental policy targets of reducing emissions intensity. The discussant notes that the paper models how China can achieve its domestic and international emissions commitments through emissions-intensity targeting, where intensity is equal to emission levels divided by income. While the technology change incorporated appears exogenous, the paper provides a numerical algorithm from previous work to minimize economic losses subject to intensity targets through tax policy design.
In this Greening Governance seminar, leading air pollution experts highlight the challenges of reducing ozone pollution.
Join the conversation: #GreeningGovernance, #airpollution, #ozone, #ozonepollution
Learn more:
In this Greening Governance seminar, leading air pollution experts highlight the challenges of reducing ozone pollution.
Join the conversation: #GreeningGovernance, #airpollution, #ozone, #ozonepollution
Learn more:
Observing various learning goals from peers allows learners to specify new objectives and sub-goals to improve their personal experience. Setting goals for learning enhances motivation and performance. However an unrelated goal might lead to poor outcome. Hence learners have divergent objectives for a same learning experience. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) is a model considering documents as a mixture of topics. This study then proposed a recommendation model based on LDA, able to determine distinct categories of goals within a single dataset. Results focused on a dataset of 10 learning subjects and over 16,000 goal-based Twitter messages. It showed (1) different goal categories and (2) the correlation between the LDA parameter for the number of topics and the type of subject. Evaluations of goal attributes also showed an increase of goal specificity, commitment and self-confidence after observing different types of goals from peers.
Running head RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, DESIGN AND METHODS 1RESEARC.docxjeanettehully
Running head: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, DESIGN AND METHODS 1
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, DESIGN AND METHODS 5
Insert Title Here
Insert Your Name Here
Insert University Here
Research Methodology, Design, and Methods
Research methodology refers to the precise procedures that researchers select base on the chosen design. Details of how data is collected and analyzed is presented here. The research that led to the achievement of Sun Coast objectives was done using quantitative research methods since they offer detailed insights pertaining to the study. Research design is the specific type of study that one would conduct and is usually consistent with one’s philosophical worldview and the methodological approach the researcher chooses (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). This study seeks to evaluate the research methodology, design, and methods used in researching the concerns in Sun Coast leadership in business context.
Research Methodology
This research needed to involve much details from the respondents and data collected. Hence, quantitative research methodology was chosen. For instance, Sun Coast leadership and other business contexts involved numbers which needed to be analyzed in details rendering
Research Design
The research design employed in this research was causal one based on various reasons. Firstly, this design is quantitative in nature and it is also preplanned in design (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). Hence, it is considered as a conclusive research which is in line with Sun Coast where leadership trend was monitored against its business performance. Also, researching the performance of this organization required an explanation off cause and effect relationships that variables have. Hence, causal research design would aid in understanding the variables that causative and those which acts as effects of leadership and performance noted in Sun Coast.
Research Methods
This research applied the causal-comparative research methods which was sometimes combined with the descriptive statistics one (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). The former was used to find the relationship between dependent and independent variables after the occurrence of any action in Sun Coast. For instance, this method was useful in determining whether the independent or dependent variable affected the outcome through comparison of at least 2 groups of data collected. On the other hand, Sun Coast’s leadership and other business objectives could render descriptive statistics significant since the researchers could use the past figures to analyze the current ones and make a sound forecast of future organizational performance. Hence, the two research methods was sometimes combined to get a more credible conclusion based on data at hand.
Data Collection Methods
Different data collection methods including surveys, observation, and interviews were used to test each hypothesis (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). Observation was used for real life situations where pertinent happenings were then ...
Exploring Deep Savings: A Toolkit for Assessing Behavior-Based Energy Interve...Beth Karlin
While research assessing behavior-based energy interventions shows great promise, results vary widely and much is still unknown about the specific variables that impact program effectiveness. As utilities and regulatory agencies focus more attention on behavior-based energy interventions, it becomes critical to ensure that evaluations of such programs are rigorous and accurate. While the metric used to measure whether these various programs work (kWh) is fairly standard and easy to compare between studies, the metrics used to measure how and for whom they work have been left to individual researchers and evaluators. Standardization of assessment methods is common in related fields such as education and psychology, but has yet to take hold in energy program evaluation. This paper argues for a more systematic and comprehensive approach to the evaluation of behavior-based energy interventions, and describes a preliminary toolkit that is currently being developed and validated in conjunction with the International Energy Agency Demand Side Management Programme (IEA-DSM) Task 24 on Behavior Change as well as two large investor-owned utilities. Our approach is informed by theories and empirical research on behavior change as well as a content analysis of 85 behavior-based energy interventions. It includes questions on: context (demographics), user experience (ease of use, engagement), material culture (what people have), energy practices (what people do), and beliefs around energy use (what people think). Sample items for each construct and suggestions for implementation are presented. Broad use of such an instrument can improve and aggregate our overall knowledge across the countless additional studies expected to be conducted in the coming years.
To address air pollution, cities will need to work in coordination with nearby cities and at the regional level. This seminar will highlight key lessons from the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP) that can help cities integrate airshed governance strategies into their air pollution management plans and policies.
Analytical Solution of the Dynamics of Atmospheric CO2 using the LADM Pade Ap...ijtsrd
In this research paper, the Laplace transform method combined with the semi analytical Adomian decomposition method LADM is proposed to solve the mathematical model of crime deterrence in society. The model is solved to obtain analytical solution to the governing parameters in the form of a rapidly convergent series to illustrate its reliability, capability, and efficiency of this hybrid method. The practical result obtained reveal, the method is accurate and an efficient tool for solving wide variety of several first and higher order models. Liberty Ebiwareme "Analytical Solution of the Dynamics of Atmospheric CO2 using the LADM-Pade Approximation Approach" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-2 , February 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49429.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/other/49429/analytical-solution-of-the-dynamics-of-atmospheric-co2-using-the-ladmpade-approximation-approach/liberty-ebiwareme
Adaptation-mitigation synergies in forest and agricultural landscapesCIFOR-ICRAF
Find out how Landscape management is highly relevant to both adaptation and mitigation, which synergies in that landscape management exist and what we should take from that.
National Workshop on Standards and Testing of Cookstoves in Nepal
25 July 2013, Hotel Himalaya, Kathmandu, Nepal
Policy session
Presenter: Tami C. Bond
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Analysing climate vulnerability- Online training resource for adaptationVestlandsforsking WRNI
Different Forms of Vulnerability
This module provides a description of the different forms of vulnerability and will cover the following:
Vulnerability to today`s climate and vulnerability to tomorrows climate.
What is meant by natural, socio-economic, and institutional vulnerability
How these different kinds of vulnerabilities interact
Additional vulnerability perspectives
Observing various learning goals from peers allows learners to specify new objectives and sub-goals to improve their personal experience. Setting goals for learning enhances motivation and performance. However an unrelated goal might lead to poor outcome. Hence learners have divergent objectives for a same learning experience. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) is a model considering documents as a mixture of topics. This study then proposed a recommendation model based on LDA, able to determine distinct categories of goals within a single dataset. Results focused on a dataset of 10 learning subjects and over 16,000 goal-based Twitter messages. It showed (1) different goal categories and (2) the correlation between the LDA parameter for the number of topics and the type of subject. Evaluations of goal attributes also showed an increase of goal specificity, commitment and self-confidence after observing different types of goals from peers.
Running head RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, DESIGN AND METHODS 1RESEARC.docxjeanettehully
Running head: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, DESIGN AND METHODS 1
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, DESIGN AND METHODS 5
Insert Title Here
Insert Your Name Here
Insert University Here
Research Methodology, Design, and Methods
Research methodology refers to the precise procedures that researchers select base on the chosen design. Details of how data is collected and analyzed is presented here. The research that led to the achievement of Sun Coast objectives was done using quantitative research methods since they offer detailed insights pertaining to the study. Research design is the specific type of study that one would conduct and is usually consistent with one’s philosophical worldview and the methodological approach the researcher chooses (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). This study seeks to evaluate the research methodology, design, and methods used in researching the concerns in Sun Coast leadership in business context.
Research Methodology
This research needed to involve much details from the respondents and data collected. Hence, quantitative research methodology was chosen. For instance, Sun Coast leadership and other business contexts involved numbers which needed to be analyzed in details rendering
Research Design
The research design employed in this research was causal one based on various reasons. Firstly, this design is quantitative in nature and it is also preplanned in design (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). Hence, it is considered as a conclusive research which is in line with Sun Coast where leadership trend was monitored against its business performance. Also, researching the performance of this organization required an explanation off cause and effect relationships that variables have. Hence, causal research design would aid in understanding the variables that causative and those which acts as effects of leadership and performance noted in Sun Coast.
Research Methods
This research applied the causal-comparative research methods which was sometimes combined with the descriptive statistics one (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). The former was used to find the relationship between dependent and independent variables after the occurrence of any action in Sun Coast. For instance, this method was useful in determining whether the independent or dependent variable affected the outcome through comparison of at least 2 groups of data collected. On the other hand, Sun Coast’s leadership and other business objectives could render descriptive statistics significant since the researchers could use the past figures to analyze the current ones and make a sound forecast of future organizational performance. Hence, the two research methods was sometimes combined to get a more credible conclusion based on data at hand.
Data Collection Methods
Different data collection methods including surveys, observation, and interviews were used to test each hypothesis (Creswell & Creswell, 2018). Observation was used for real life situations where pertinent happenings were then ...
Exploring Deep Savings: A Toolkit for Assessing Behavior-Based Energy Interve...Beth Karlin
While research assessing behavior-based energy interventions shows great promise, results vary widely and much is still unknown about the specific variables that impact program effectiveness. As utilities and regulatory agencies focus more attention on behavior-based energy interventions, it becomes critical to ensure that evaluations of such programs are rigorous and accurate. While the metric used to measure whether these various programs work (kWh) is fairly standard and easy to compare between studies, the metrics used to measure how and for whom they work have been left to individual researchers and evaluators. Standardization of assessment methods is common in related fields such as education and psychology, but has yet to take hold in energy program evaluation. This paper argues for a more systematic and comprehensive approach to the evaluation of behavior-based energy interventions, and describes a preliminary toolkit that is currently being developed and validated in conjunction with the International Energy Agency Demand Side Management Programme (IEA-DSM) Task 24 on Behavior Change as well as two large investor-owned utilities. Our approach is informed by theories and empirical research on behavior change as well as a content analysis of 85 behavior-based energy interventions. It includes questions on: context (demographics), user experience (ease of use, engagement), material culture (what people have), energy practices (what people do), and beliefs around energy use (what people think). Sample items for each construct and suggestions for implementation are presented. Broad use of such an instrument can improve and aggregate our overall knowledge across the countless additional studies expected to be conducted in the coming years.
To address air pollution, cities will need to work in coordination with nearby cities and at the regional level. This seminar will highlight key lessons from the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP) that can help cities integrate airshed governance strategies into their air pollution management plans and policies.
Analytical Solution of the Dynamics of Atmospheric CO2 using the LADM Pade Ap...ijtsrd
In this research paper, the Laplace transform method combined with the semi analytical Adomian decomposition method LADM is proposed to solve the mathematical model of crime deterrence in society. The model is solved to obtain analytical solution to the governing parameters in the form of a rapidly convergent series to illustrate its reliability, capability, and efficiency of this hybrid method. The practical result obtained reveal, the method is accurate and an efficient tool for solving wide variety of several first and higher order models. Liberty Ebiwareme "Analytical Solution of the Dynamics of Atmospheric CO2 using the LADM-Pade Approximation Approach" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-2 , February 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49429.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/other/49429/analytical-solution-of-the-dynamics-of-atmospheric-co2-using-the-ladmpade-approximation-approach/liberty-ebiwareme
Adaptation-mitigation synergies in forest and agricultural landscapesCIFOR-ICRAF
Find out how Landscape management is highly relevant to both adaptation and mitigation, which synergies in that landscape management exist and what we should take from that.
National Workshop on Standards and Testing of Cookstoves in Nepal
25 July 2013, Hotel Himalaya, Kathmandu, Nepal
Policy session
Presenter: Tami C. Bond
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Analysing climate vulnerability- Online training resource for adaptationVestlandsforsking WRNI
Different Forms of Vulnerability
This module provides a description of the different forms of vulnerability and will cover the following:
Vulnerability to today`s climate and vulnerability to tomorrows climate.
What is meant by natural, socio-economic, and institutional vulnerability
How these different kinds of vulnerabilities interact
Additional vulnerability perspectives
1. Comments on Yingying Lu’s Emissions intensity
targeting: From China’s 12th five year plan to its
Copenhagen commitment
Patrick Doup´
e
patrick.doupe@anu.edu.au
PhD Candidate, Resource Management in Asia-Pacific & Environment and Development
Program, Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University
November 27 2012,
Canberra, Australia
Doup´ - Discussant (Lu) (ANU)
e Emissions intensity targeting Crawford PhD Conference 2012 1/4
2. Why and what
This is a paper about the meeting environmental policy targets.
Doup´ - Discussant (Lu) (ANU)
e Emissions intensity targeting Crawford PhD Conference 2012 2/4
3. Why and what
This is a paper about the meeting environmental policy targets.
China (and others) are focusing on emissions intensity targeting
Doup´ - Discussant (Lu) (ANU)
e Emissions intensity targeting Crawford PhD Conference 2012 2/4
4. Why and what
This is a paper about the meeting environmental policy targets.
China (and others) are focusing on emissions intensity targeting
Intensity = Emissions Levels
Income
Doup´ - Discussant (Lu) (ANU)
e Emissions intensity targeting Crawford PhD Conference 2012 2/4
5. Why and what
This is a paper about the meeting environmental policy targets.
China (and others) are focusing on emissions intensity targeting
Intensity = Emissions Levels
Income
Chinese climate policy is important
Doup´ - Discussant (Lu) (ANU)
e Emissions intensity targeting Crawford PhD Conference 2012 2/4
6. Why and what
This is a paper about the meeting environmental policy targets.
China (and others) are focusing on emissions intensity targeting
Intensity = Emissions Levels
Income
Chinese climate policy is important
Enviro econ 101 focuses on levels
Doup´ - Discussant (Lu) (ANU)
e Emissions intensity targeting Crawford PhD Conference 2012 2/4
7. Why and what
This is a paper about the meeting environmental policy targets.
China (and others) are focusing on emissions intensity targeting
Intensity = Emissions Levels
Income
Chinese climate policy is important
Enviro econ 101 focuses on levels
Finds that there is a set of emissions-growth trajectories that can achieve
China’s domestic and international commitments
Doup´ - Discussant (Lu) (ANU)
e Emissions intensity targeting Crawford PhD Conference 2012 2/4
8. Levels, income and intensity
Emissions Levels (E )
E = Intensity0 × I
Income (I )
9. Levels, income and intensity
Emissions Levels (E )
E = Intensity0 × I
E = Intensity1 × I
Income (I )
Doup´ - Discussant (Lu) (ANU)
e Emissions intensity targeting Crawford PhD Conference 2012 3/4
11. Comments
How is this modelled?
Doup´ - Discussant (Lu) (ANU)
e Emissions intensity targeting Crawford PhD Conference 2012 4/4
12. Comments
How is this modelled?
Technology change (AEEI) appears to be exogenous
Doup´ - Discussant (Lu) (ANU)
e Emissions intensity targeting Crawford PhD Conference 2012 4/4
13. Comments
How is this modelled?
Technology change (AEEI) appears to be exogenous
There is a numerical algorithm from a previous paper
Doup´ - Discussant (Lu) (ANU)
e Emissions intensity targeting Crawford PhD Conference 2012 4/4
14. Comments
How is this modelled?
Technology change (AEEI) appears to be exogenous
There is a numerical algorithm from a previous paper
min Economic Loss subject to Intensity Target
Tax Profile
Doup´ - Discussant (Lu) (ANU)
e Emissions intensity targeting Crawford PhD Conference 2012 4/4
15. Comments
How is this modelled?
Technology change (AEEI) appears to be exogenous
There is a numerical algorithm from a previous paper
min Economic Loss subject to Intensity Target
Tax Profile
So, what does this paper do that is novel?
Doup´ - Discussant (Lu) (ANU)
e Emissions intensity targeting Crawford PhD Conference 2012 4/4
16. Comments
How is this modelled?
Technology change (AEEI) appears to be exogenous
There is a numerical algorithm from a previous paper
min Economic Loss subject to Intensity Target
Tax Profile
So, what does this paper do that is novel?
Broader question
Doup´ - Discussant (Lu) (ANU)
e Emissions intensity targeting Crawford PhD Conference 2012 4/4
17. Comments
How is this modelled?
Technology change (AEEI) appears to be exogenous
There is a numerical algorithm from a previous paper
min Economic Loss subject to Intensity Target
Tax Profile
So, what does this paper do that is novel?
Broader question
How does one design policy that achieves a medium term emissions
intensity target?
Doup´ - Discussant (Lu) (ANU)
e Emissions intensity targeting Crawford PhD Conference 2012 4/4