Pathophysiology for nursing students.pptx
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Congestive heart failure is caused by conditions that weaken the heart such as heart attacks, coronary heart disease, and high blood pressure. Symptoms include fatigue, shortness of breath, swelling, and diminished exercise capacity. There are four stages of congestive heart failure that range from pre-CHF with risk factors to late-stage CHF where symptoms are severe throughout the day.
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HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION (1).pptx
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a type of heart failure where the left ventricle ejection fraction is normal or near normal despite signs and symptoms of heart failure. HFpEF is most common in older adults and women and is caused by a stiff heart muscle that is unable to relax and properly fill with blood. Common symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling, and exercise intolerance. While there is no cure, treatment focuses on managing the underlying causes like high blood pressure or diabetes and reducing fluid buildup in the body.
What are the 4 stages of congestive heart failure.pdf
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a serious medical condition that affects millions of people worldwide.
Understanding its progression is crucial for early diagnosis and personalized treatment.
In this article, we will delve into the 4 stages of congestive heart failure, highlighting the key features and implications of each stage.
By grasping this knowledge, individuals and healthcare professionals alike can take proactive steps to manage and improve the quality of life for those living with CHF.
TMTS Lecture Workshop Powerpoint - Heart Failure.pptx
Heart failure is a clinical syndrome where the heart cannot maintain adequate cardiac output to meet the body's needs. It has multiple causes, commonly due to ischemic heart disease or hypertension, and is a progressive disorder. Heart failure is classified as acute or chronic, with acute having a rapid onset and requiring urgent treatment, while chronic is a progressive cardiac dysfunction from structural abnormalities. It is also classified as systolic or diastolic, with systolic having a reduced ejection fraction and diastolic having impaired ventricular relaxation or filling.
congestive heart failure
Congestive heart failure (CHF), also known as heart failure, is a condition where the heart muscle is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. It is classified by the New York Heart Association system from Class I (no symptoms) to Class IV (symptoms at rest). The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association categorizes heart failure into four stages from asymptomatic structural heart disease to end-stage disease. Common causes include ischemic heart disease, hypertension, diabetes and obesity. Symptoms vary depending on whether the left or right side of the heart is affected but may include shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling and coughing. Diagnosis involves imaging, blood tests and physical exams.
Overview on heart failure…………………………………..
Acute heart failure is the rapid onset of new or worsening signs and symptoms of heart failure. It is commonly caused by decompensation of preexisting heart disease or cardiomyopathy. Patients are classified based on evidence of congestion and perfusion. Treatment involves managing comorbidities like hypertension and diabetes, as well as using diuretics, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, beta blockers, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors. For heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, initial treatment includes an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor along with a beta blocker and diuretic. For heart failure with
cardiacdiseaseinpregnancy-220427173031.pdf
This document discusses heart disease in pregnancy. It begins by noting that heart disease complicates around 1% of pregnancies. It then covers cardiovascular changes in pregnancy like increased blood volume and cardiac output. Grades of cardiac disease severity are described. Diagnosis involves history, exams, ECGs, echocardiograms. Effects on the fetus and mother are outlined. Classifications of cardiac diseases seen in pregnancy like rheumatic heart disease and congenital heart diseases are summarized. Nursing management focuses on monitoring, positioning, oxygen supplementation and controlling cardiac failure. Guidelines for pregnant women with heart disease emphasize treating existing conditions, testing for defects, controlling risks, and regular consultations.
Cardiac Disease in pregnancy.pptx
for 3rd year students. explains in easy language and more graphical than other ppts. keep reading and i will keep uploading. thanks
Congestive Heart Failure
Congestive heart failure is a chronic progressive condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the metabolic need of the body because of pathological changes in the myocardium.
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HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION (1).pptx
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a type of heart failure where the left ventricle ejection fraction is normal or near normal despite signs and symptoms of heart failure. HFpEF is most common in older adults and women and is caused by a stiff heart muscle that is unable to relax and properly fill with blood. Common symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling, and exercise intolerance. While there is no cure, treatment focuses on managing the underlying causes like high blood pressure or diabetes and reducing fluid buildup in the body.
What are the 4 stages of congestive heart failure.pdf
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a serious medical condition that affects millions of people worldwide.
Understanding its progression is crucial for early diagnosis and personalized treatment.
In this article, we will delve into the 4 stages of congestive heart failure, highlighting the key features and implications of each stage.
By grasping this knowledge, individuals and healthcare professionals alike can take proactive steps to manage and improve the quality of life for those living with CHF.
TMTS Lecture Workshop Powerpoint - Heart Failure.pptx
Heart failure is a clinical syndrome where the heart cannot maintain adequate cardiac output to meet the body's needs. It has multiple causes, commonly due to ischemic heart disease or hypertension, and is a progressive disorder. Heart failure is classified as acute or chronic, with acute having a rapid onset and requiring urgent treatment, while chronic is a progressive cardiac dysfunction from structural abnormalities. It is also classified as systolic or diastolic, with systolic having a reduced ejection fraction and diastolic having impaired ventricular relaxation or filling.
congestive heart failure
Congestive heart failure (CHF), also known as heart failure, is a condition where the heart muscle is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. It is classified by the New York Heart Association system from Class I (no symptoms) to Class IV (symptoms at rest). The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association categorizes heart failure into four stages from asymptomatic structural heart disease to end-stage disease. Common causes include ischemic heart disease, hypertension, diabetes and obesity. Symptoms vary depending on whether the left or right side of the heart is affected but may include shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling and coughing. Diagnosis involves imaging, blood tests and physical exams.
Overview on heart failure…………………………………..
Acute heart failure is the rapid onset of new or worsening signs and symptoms of heart failure. It is commonly caused by decompensation of preexisting heart disease or cardiomyopathy. Patients are classified based on evidence of congestion and perfusion. Treatment involves managing comorbidities like hypertension and diabetes, as well as using diuretics, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, beta blockers, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors. For heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, initial treatment includes an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor along with a beta blocker and diuretic. For heart failure with
cardiacdiseaseinpregnancy-220427173031.pdf
This document discusses heart disease in pregnancy. It begins by noting that heart disease complicates around 1% of pregnancies. It then covers cardiovascular changes in pregnancy like increased blood volume and cardiac output. Grades of cardiac disease severity are described. Diagnosis involves history, exams, ECGs, echocardiograms. Effects on the fetus and mother are outlined. Classifications of cardiac diseases seen in pregnancy like rheumatic heart disease and congenital heart diseases are summarized. Nursing management focuses on monitoring, positioning, oxygen supplementation and controlling cardiac failure. Guidelines for pregnant women with heart disease emphasize treating existing conditions, testing for defects, controlling risks, and regular consultations.
Cardiac Disease in pregnancy.pptx
for 3rd year students. explains in easy language and more graphical than other ppts. keep reading and i will keep uploading. thanks
Congestive Heart Failure
Congestive heart failure is a chronic progressive condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the metabolic need of the body because of pathological changes in the myocardium.
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
This document provides an overview of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). It defines HFpEF as heart failure with an ejection fraction above 40-50%. The document discusses the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of HFpEF. Key points include that HFpEF is more common in older women and is associated with hypertension, obesity and diabetes. The main mechanism is diastolic dysfunction leading to impaired relaxation and increased stiffness of the left ventricle.
Acute left ventricular failure
Heart failure is a clinical syndrome where the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It can be caused by conditions that reduce the heart's ability to contract or fill properly and common symptoms include dyspnea, fatigue, and edema. Upon presentation, patients exhibiting signs of congestion such as elevated jugular pressure, rales, and edema are treated with diuretics, while those with low blood pressure or organ dysfunction may require inotropic support or mechanical circulatory support.
heartfailuremodified-090721100845-phpapp01 (11).docx
This document provides an overview of heart failure, including its definition, etiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Some key points:
- Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It is commonly called congestive heart failure due to prominent symptoms of increased venous pressure.
- Common causes include coronary artery disease, hypertension, valvular heart disease, and cardiomyopathy. The final pathway involves neurohormonal activation and changes in cardiac structure and function.
- Symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention. Treatment focuses on correcting reversible causes, restricting sodium/fluid intake, and medications like diuretics, ACE
Heartfailuremodified 090721100845-phpapp01
Heart failure is a condition where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It is usually due to problems with the structure or function of the heart. Common causes include coronary artery disease, hypertension, and cardiomyopathy. Symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms with diuretics and drugs that target the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system like ACE inhibitors. Other treatments include beta-blockers, digitalis glycosides, and managing comorbidities and lifestyle factors like diet and exercise. The goals are to improve quality of life, slow disease progression, and reduce mortality risk.
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The document provides information on the pharmacotherapy of heart failure, including:
- Heart failure results from the heart's inability to pump sufficient blood due to problems with structure or function.
- It discusses the causes, pathophysiology, classification, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of heart failure.
- Treatment involves managing symptoms, improving cardiac function, and slowing disease progression through medications, lifestyle changes, and procedures. The goal is to improve quality of life and survival.
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction dr oday abdow
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for nearly 50% of heart failure cases. It is more common in older patients and women. Survival rates for HFpEF have remained unchanged over time and are similar to those with reduced ejection fraction. The pathophysiology of HFpEF is heterogeneous and related to diastolic dysfunction from conditions like hypertension, diabetes and obesity. Diagnosis requires symptoms/signs of heart failure, preserved EF ≥50%, elevated natriuretic peptides and evidence of cardiac alterations on imaging like left atrial enlargement. Treatment focuses on controlling risk factors and relieving symptoms with diuretics, though no treatments have proven effective at reducing mortality.
acute heart failure.pptx
AHF is a leading cause of hospitalization in older adults and is associated with high mortality and readmission rates, with in-hospital mortality ranging from 4-10% and 1-year mortality after discharge reaching 25-30% or higher. AHF can be the first presentation of heart failure or a decompensation of known heart failure. It is classified by reduced or preserved ejection fraction and NYHA functional classification. Common causes include myocardial infarction, drugs, arrhythmias, valve dysfunction, and cardiomyopathy. Diagnosis involves clinical signs and symptoms overlapping with other conditions, along with diagnostic tests like ECG, imaging, and natriuretic peptide levels. Presentations include acute decompensated heart failure, acute pulmonary edema
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Ccf
The document provides information on congestive cardiac failure (CCF), including:
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2. Risk factors include age, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and coronary artery disease. Symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling.
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Heart failure , systolic and diastolic dysfunction, management of acute heart...
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Anesthesia For Valvular diseases.pptx
Any disease or damage that affects one of the heart’s valves is known as valvular heart disease.
Any valve in the heart can become diseased, but it is most common in the mitral and aortic valves.
Diseased valves may fail to close completely, which can cause blood to leak back into the chamber it came from. If this happens, not enough blood flows through the heart. This is called regurgitation.
Diseased valves may also become narrow and stiff. This can cause the valve to open incompletely, preventing blood from flowing through properly. This is called stenosis.
Heart Failure
This document provides an overview of heart failure, including its pathophysiology, types, clinical presentation, investigations, and management. Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs and can develop due to conditions that weaken the heart such as heart attacks or high blood pressure. Symptoms depend on whether the left side, right side, or both sides of the heart are affected. Management involves treating the underlying cause, reducing symptoms through medications, lifestyle changes, and addressing complications.
congestive heart failure pathophysiology
Congestive heart failure is a chronic progressive condition where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It is classified by the NYHA based on limitations to physical activity. Common causes include coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, hypertension, and infections. Treatment involves lifestyle modifications, medications to reduce workload on the heart like beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and diuretics to control fluid retention.
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This document provides information on cardiovascular symptoms, signs, and disease evaluation and management. It discusses:
1) Common cardiac symptoms like chest pain, palpitations, and dyspnea and what conditions they can indicate.
2) A comprehensive cardiac examination involves assessing the patient's general appearance, skin, head and neck, chest, abdomen, and extremities as well as measuring vital signs like jugular venous pressure and blood pressure.
3) Establishing a cardiac diagnosis involves considering etiology, anatomical abnormalities, physiological disturbances, and functional disability based on history, physical exam, ECG, imaging, and other tests. Management depends on whether heart disease is present and its severity.
Acute heart failure
In this presentation, I have briefly described the acute heart failure, with its symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.
Heart failure 2019
This document discusses heart failure, providing definitions, epidemiology, classifications, etiologies, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment. Heart failure is defined as a clinical syndrome resulting from structural or functional impairment of ventricular filling or ejection of blood. Approximately 2% of developed countries have heart failure, with risk increasing with age. Coronary artery disease is the leading cause. Heart failure can be classified as systolic or diastolic, high-output or low-output, acute or chronic, and right-sided or left-sided. Common causes include coronary artery disease, hypertension, cardiomyopathy, and valvular disease. Treatment involves removing precipitating causes, correcting underlying causes, preventing cardiac
Chronic heart failure
This document provides information on chronic heart failure, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Chronic heart failure develops slowly over time due to conditions like coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, lung diseases, and genetic heart defects. It causes symptoms such as shortness of breath during exertion or at rest, fatigue, swelling of the legs/ankles, and coughing. Diagnosis involves blood tests, electrocardiograms, echocardiograms, and chest x-rays. Treatment may include medications, surgery like coronary bypass, or angioplasty to open blocked arteries.
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Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
This document provides an overview of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). It defines HFpEF as heart failure with an ejection fraction above 40-50%. The document discusses the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of HFpEF. Key points include that HFpEF is more common in older women and is associated with hypertension, obesity and diabetes. The main mechanism is diastolic dysfunction leading to impaired relaxation and increased stiffness of the left ventricle.
Acute left ventricular failure
Heart failure is a clinical syndrome where the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It can be caused by conditions that reduce the heart's ability to contract or fill properly and common symptoms include dyspnea, fatigue, and edema. Upon presentation, patients exhibiting signs of congestion such as elevated jugular pressure, rales, and edema are treated with diuretics, while those with low blood pressure or organ dysfunction may require inotropic support or mechanical circulatory support.
heartfailuremodified-090721100845-phpapp01 (11).docx
This document provides an overview of heart failure, including its definition, etiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Some key points:
- Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It is commonly called congestive heart failure due to prominent symptoms of increased venous pressure.
- Common causes include coronary artery disease, hypertension, valvular heart disease, and cardiomyopathy. The final pathway involves neurohormonal activation and changes in cardiac structure and function.
- Symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention. Treatment focuses on correcting reversible causes, restricting sodium/fluid intake, and medications like diuretics, ACE
Heartfailuremodified 090721100845-phpapp01
Heart failure is a condition where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It is usually due to problems with the structure or function of the heart. Common causes include coronary artery disease, hypertension, and cardiomyopathy. Symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms with diuretics and drugs that target the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system like ACE inhibitors. Other treatments include beta-blockers, digitalis glycosides, and managing comorbidities and lifestyle factors like diet and exercise. The goals are to improve quality of life, slow disease progression, and reduce mortality risk.
4. Heart failure (HF).ppsx
The document provides information on the pharmacotherapy of heart failure, including:
- Heart failure results from the heart's inability to pump sufficient blood due to problems with structure or function.
- It discusses the causes, pathophysiology, classification, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of heart failure.
- Treatment involves managing symptoms, improving cardiac function, and slowing disease progression through medications, lifestyle changes, and procedures. The goal is to improve quality of life and survival.
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction dr oday abdow
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for nearly 50% of heart failure cases. It is more common in older patients and women. Survival rates for HFpEF have remained unchanged over time and are similar to those with reduced ejection fraction. The pathophysiology of HFpEF is heterogeneous and related to diastolic dysfunction from conditions like hypertension, diabetes and obesity. Diagnosis requires symptoms/signs of heart failure, preserved EF ≥50%, elevated natriuretic peptides and evidence of cardiac alterations on imaging like left atrial enlargement. Treatment focuses on controlling risk factors and relieving symptoms with diuretics, though no treatments have proven effective at reducing mortality.
acute heart failure.pptx
AHF is a leading cause of hospitalization in older adults and is associated with high mortality and readmission rates, with in-hospital mortality ranging from 4-10% and 1-year mortality after discharge reaching 25-30% or higher. AHF can be the first presentation of heart failure or a decompensation of known heart failure. It is classified by reduced or preserved ejection fraction and NYHA functional classification. Common causes include myocardial infarction, drugs, arrhythmias, valve dysfunction, and cardiomyopathy. Diagnosis involves clinical signs and symptoms overlapping with other conditions, along with diagnostic tests like ECG, imaging, and natriuretic peptide levels. Presentations include acute decompensated heart failure, acute pulmonary edema
When are Cardiac Patients Hospice Appropriate
This document discusses when cardiac patients are appropriate for hospice care. It provides background on heart failure prevalence and costs in the US. It describes the stages and classifications of heart failure as well as common causes. Advanced cardiac disease greatly impacts quality of life and functional status. Hospice can improve outcomes for these patients by managing symptoms, preventing hospitalizations, and providing psychosocial support. Three case scenarios are presented that demonstrate key factors qualifying patients for hospice, such as frequent hospitalizations, poor prognosis, and declining functional status.
Ccf
The document provides information on congestive cardiac failure (CCF), including:
1. CCF occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, causing fluid buildup in tissues.
2. Risk factors include age, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and coronary artery disease. Symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling.
3. Diagnosis involves medical history, physical exam, chest X-ray, echocardiogram and blood tests. Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes, medications, procedures and managing underlying causes.
sheikh Jeelani sadiq internal disease.pptx
This document provides an overview of left ventricular failure, hypertensive crises, their diagnosis, complications, and emergency care. It begins with definitions and types of left ventricular failure, risk factors, and symptoms. Physical exam findings and diagnostic tests for left ventricular failure are outlined. Differential diagnoses and potential complications are described. Emergency care steps for left ventricular failure are mentioned. Hypertensive crisis is defined and causes, symptoms, diagnostic tests, complications are outlined. The conclusion summarizes that left ventricular failure reduces the heart's ability to pump blood, while hypertensive crisis is very high blood pressure that requires immediate treatment to prevent organ damage.
Approach to palpitations
This document discusses the approach to evaluating and managing palpitations. It defines palpitations as an awareness of heartbeat and describes potential causes like arrhythmias, structural heart issues, and psychiatric factors. The evaluation involves taking a history of symptoms and triggers, examining for irregularities, and testing with ECG, Holter monitor or event recorder depending on frequency. Management depends on the identified cause, with arrhythmias potentially treated with beta blockers and reassuring patients if no serious issues are found.
Heart failure , systolic and diastolic dysfunction, management of acute heart...
heart failure is a chronic condition of the heart in which heart is unable to pump sufficient amount of blood to meet requirements of the metabolic tissues.
Anesthesia For Valvular diseases.pptx
Any disease or damage that affects one of the heart’s valves is known as valvular heart disease.
Any valve in the heart can become diseased, but it is most common in the mitral and aortic valves.
Diseased valves may fail to close completely, which can cause blood to leak back into the chamber it came from. If this happens, not enough blood flows through the heart. This is called regurgitation.
Diseased valves may also become narrow and stiff. This can cause the valve to open incompletely, preventing blood from flowing through properly. This is called stenosis.
Heart Failure
This document provides an overview of heart failure, including its pathophysiology, types, clinical presentation, investigations, and management. Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs and can develop due to conditions that weaken the heart such as heart attacks or high blood pressure. Symptoms depend on whether the left side, right side, or both sides of the heart are affected. Management involves treating the underlying cause, reducing symptoms through medications, lifestyle changes, and addressing complications.
congestive heart failure pathophysiology
Congestive heart failure is a chronic progressive condition where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It is classified by the NYHA based on limitations to physical activity. Common causes include coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, hypertension, and infections. Treatment involves lifestyle modifications, medications to reduce workload on the heart like beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and diuretics to control fluid retention.
Cardiovascular system
This document provides information on cardiovascular symptoms, signs, and disease evaluation and management. It discusses:
1) Common cardiac symptoms like chest pain, palpitations, and dyspnea and what conditions they can indicate.
2) A comprehensive cardiac examination involves assessing the patient's general appearance, skin, head and neck, chest, abdomen, and extremities as well as measuring vital signs like jugular venous pressure and blood pressure.
3) Establishing a cardiac diagnosis involves considering etiology, anatomical abnormalities, physiological disturbances, and functional disability based on history, physical exam, ECG, imaging, and other tests. Management depends on whether heart disease is present and its severity.
Acute heart failure
In this presentation, I have briefly described the acute heart failure, with its symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.
Heart failure 2019
This document discusses heart failure, providing definitions, epidemiology, classifications, etiologies, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment. Heart failure is defined as a clinical syndrome resulting from structural or functional impairment of ventricular filling or ejection of blood. Approximately 2% of developed countries have heart failure, with risk increasing with age. Coronary artery disease is the leading cause. Heart failure can be classified as systolic or diastolic, high-output or low-output, acute or chronic, and right-sided or left-sided. Common causes include coronary artery disease, hypertension, cardiomyopathy, and valvular disease. Treatment involves removing precipitating causes, correcting underlying causes, preventing cardiac
Chronic heart failure
This document provides information on chronic heart failure, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Chronic heart failure develops slowly over time due to conditions like coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, lung diseases, and genetic heart defects. It causes symptoms such as shortness of breath during exertion or at rest, fatigue, swelling of the legs/ankles, and coughing. Diagnosis involves blood tests, electrocardiograms, echocardiograms, and chest x-rays. Treatment may include medications, surgery like coronary bypass, or angioplasty to open blocked arteries.
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