The document discusses passive voice and how to change sentences from active to passive voice. It provides a 3 step process: 1) the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence, 2) the verb "to be" is added in the appropriate tense, and 3) the verb of the active sentence is changed to the past participle. Additional details are provided on using "by" to indicate the agent, double objects, verb tenses, and maintaining number agreement.

1. Passive VoicePassive Voice

2. We use passive voice when the objectWe use passive voice when the object
of the action is more important thanof the action is more important than
those who perform the action.those who perform the action.

3. From active to passive: 3 stepsFrom active to passive: 3 steps
Active sentence:Active sentence: He paintsHe paints the picture.the picture.
Step 1Step 1
The object of the active sentenceThe object of the active sentence
becomes the subject of the passivebecomes the subject of the passive
sentence.sentence.
The pictureThe picture…………

4. Step 2Step 2
We put verb ‘We put verb ‘to beto be’ into the tense of the’ into the tense of the
active sentence:active sentence:
Active: He paints the picture.Active: He paints the picture. Present SimplePresent Simple
‘‘to be’ in present simple: am/are/isto be’ in present simple: am/are/is
The pictureThe picture isis…………

5. Step 3Step 3
We put the verb of the active sentence intoWe put the verb of the active sentence into
the past participle:the past participle:
Paint paintedPaint painted
The picture isThe picture is paintedpainted..

6. Additional stepAdditional step
 If the agent (the performer of the action) isIf the agent (the performer of the action) is
important, use "by" :important, use "by" :
Tom paints the picture.Tom paints the picture. The picture is paintedThe picture is painted
by Tom.by Tom.
 If the agent is: somebody, they, he, she… we doIf the agent is: somebody, they, he, she… we do
not use “by”.not use “by”.
He paints the picture.He paints the picture. The picture is painted.The picture is painted.

7. Double objectsDouble objects
 give, send, bring, buy, tell, offer, show, pay,give, send, bring, buy, tell, offer, show, pay,
teach, etcteach, etc
Active: Mary gives Tom a book.Active: Mary gives Tom a book.
Passive1: A book is given to Tom (by Mary).Passive1: A book is given to Tom (by Mary).
Passive2: Tom is given a book (by Mary).Passive2: Tom is given a book (by Mary).

8. TensesTenses
 Present Simple:Present Simple:
She eats pizza.She eats pizza. The pizzaThe pizza isis
eaten.eaten.
 Present ContinuousPresent Continuous::
Se is eating pizza.Se is eating pizza. The pizzaThe pizza isis
beingbeing eaten.eaten.

9.  Present Perfect:Present Perfect:
She has eaten pizza.She has eaten pizza. The pizzaThe pizza has beenhas been
eateneaten..
 Past Simple:Past Simple:
She ate pizza.She ate pizza. The pizzaThe pizza waswas
eaten.eaten.

10.  Past Continuous:Past Continuous:
She was eating pizza.She was eating pizza. The pizzaThe pizza waswas
beingbeing eaten.eaten.
 Past Perfect:Past Perfect:
She had eaten pizza.She had eaten pizza. The pizzaThe pizza hadhad
beenbeen eaten.eaten.

11.  Future Simple:Future Simple:
She will eat pizza.She will eat pizza. The pizzaThe pizza will bewill be eaten.eaten.
 Going to Future:Going to Future:
She is going to eat pizza.She is going to eat pizza. The pizzaThe pizza is goingis going
toto bebe eaten.eaten.

12. Important!Important!
 Pay attention to the number:Pay attention to the number:
They are eating an apple.They are eating an apple.
An appleAn apple isis being eaten.being eaten.
He is eating apples.He is eating apples.
ApplesApples areare being eaten.being eaten.