The document discusses the history and evolution of the automotive industry, focusing on Henry Ford and the development of Ford Motor Company. It describes how Ford pioneered mass production techniques like the moving assembly line. This allowed Ford to produce affordable cars for the masses and drove the company's success, but over time Ford became an autocrat who struggled to adapt as the market and industry changed, leading to declines in Ford's market share.
1) In the early 20th century, William Durant tried to form an automotive monopoly by merging several leading producers, including Henry Ford. However, the deal fell through when Ford demanded cash instead of stock in the new company.
2) In 1908, Durant incorporated General Motors as a holding company instead. Over subsequent decades, GM acquired many brands through purchases led by Durant, though some were later scrapped.
3) In the 1920s, Alfred Sloan implemented a restructuring of GM that positioned different brands at various price points to appeal to different classes of consumers. This strategy helped GM become the top seller of second cars.
The document provides an overview of the automobile industry, including its history and structure. It discusses how the industry evolved from early steam-powered vehicles to modern cars with internal combustion engines and advanced computer-aided design. The automobile industry in India was initially dominated by a few domestic manufacturers but saw increased competition and foreign investment after economic liberalization in the 1990s. The industry is now segmented based on vehicle type (e.g. cars, commercial vehicles) and price (economy to luxury models). The Indian government has also introduced various policies to promote the growth and competitiveness of the domestic automobile sector.
1) The document provides an overview of the automobile industry in India, outlining its growth and development over time.
2) It discusses the establishment and growth of major automobile companies in India like Mahindra & Mahindra.
3) Key points covered include India becoming a major producer and exporter of automobiles, the introduction of emission standards, and joint ventures between Indian and foreign automakers that have helped develop the industry.
The document discusses different membership packages for a business platform. Package prices range from $30 to $1000 with varying membership benefits including group volume limits, business centers, mall credits, and grace credits. The highest package provides 6000 convertible bonds that can be compounded to earn additional convertible cash bonds at 2% weekly. After a year, the convertible bonds and cash bonds can be converted to preferential cash credits at 3 times the value to purchase company shares.
The automotive industry is undergoing a period of restructuring and revolution. Lean production methods pioneered by Toyota, such as just-in-time manufacturing and continuous improvement, have rewritten the rules of the industry. Toyota studied American manufacturers like Ford to develop their production system, focusing on eliminating waste and engaging all employees. Toyota's principles emphasize management commitment, employee participation, and involvement of all partners across the value chain.
Integra is a part of the USD 500 Million Ashok Piramal Group with Diversified interests in Textiles, Retail, Realty and Auto Components.
It is a Garment Manufacturing Division of Morarjee Textiles- the oldest textile mill in India .
Maplex Alliance Ltd. (MAL) is a subsidiary of Maplex International Group that was seeded with $25 million to build a consumer database through acquisitions. MAL offers products and services to members, and shares gain value as the consumer database grows. The document also introduces MAL management, share certificates, and marketing partners.
Integra is part of a large textile group that operates vertically integrated manufacturing from fiber to garments. It focuses on mid to premium customers for woven tops like men's and women's shirts and dresses. Integra has design studios in India and Italy and produces premium cotton and printed fabrics at its integrated plant in Nagpur, India. The plant has capabilities for yarn dyeing, voiles, prints, and knits across polyester, polyviscose and polycotton blends. Integra was founded in 2004 to focus on design development and execution with flexible lead times and a commitment to quality.
1) In the early 20th century, William Durant tried to form an automotive monopoly by merging several leading producers, including Henry Ford. However, the deal fell through when Ford demanded cash instead of stock in the new company.
2) In 1908, Durant incorporated General Motors as a holding company instead. Over subsequent decades, GM acquired many brands through purchases led by Durant, though some were later scrapped.
3) In the 1920s, Alfred Sloan implemented a restructuring of GM that positioned different brands at various price points to appeal to different classes of consumers. This strategy helped GM become the top seller of second cars.
The document provides an overview of the automobile industry, including its history and structure. It discusses how the industry evolved from early steam-powered vehicles to modern cars with internal combustion engines and advanced computer-aided design. The automobile industry in India was initially dominated by a few domestic manufacturers but saw increased competition and foreign investment after economic liberalization in the 1990s. The industry is now segmented based on vehicle type (e.g. cars, commercial vehicles) and price (economy to luxury models). The Indian government has also introduced various policies to promote the growth and competitiveness of the domestic automobile sector.
1) The document provides an overview of the automobile industry in India, outlining its growth and development over time.
2) It discusses the establishment and growth of major automobile companies in India like Mahindra & Mahindra.
3) Key points covered include India becoming a major producer and exporter of automobiles, the introduction of emission standards, and joint ventures between Indian and foreign automakers that have helped develop the industry.
The document discusses different membership packages for a business platform. Package prices range from $30 to $1000 with varying membership benefits including group volume limits, business centers, mall credits, and grace credits. The highest package provides 6000 convertible bonds that can be compounded to earn additional convertible cash bonds at 2% weekly. After a year, the convertible bonds and cash bonds can be converted to preferential cash credits at 3 times the value to purchase company shares.
The automotive industry is undergoing a period of restructuring and revolution. Lean production methods pioneered by Toyota, such as just-in-time manufacturing and continuous improvement, have rewritten the rules of the industry. Toyota studied American manufacturers like Ford to develop their production system, focusing on eliminating waste and engaging all employees. Toyota's principles emphasize management commitment, employee participation, and involvement of all partners across the value chain.
Integra is a part of the USD 500 Million Ashok Piramal Group with Diversified interests in Textiles, Retail, Realty and Auto Components.
It is a Garment Manufacturing Division of Morarjee Textiles- the oldest textile mill in India .
Maplex Alliance Ltd. (MAL) is a subsidiary of Maplex International Group that was seeded with $25 million to build a consumer database through acquisitions. MAL offers products and services to members, and shares gain value as the consumer database grows. The document also introduces MAL management, share certificates, and marketing partners.
Integra is part of a large textile group that operates vertically integrated manufacturing from fiber to garments. It focuses on mid to premium customers for woven tops like men's and women's shirts and dresses. Integra has design studios in India and Italy and produces premium cotton and printed fabrics at its integrated plant in Nagpur, India. The plant has capabilities for yarn dyeing, voiles, prints, and knits across polyester, polyviscose and polycotton blends. Integra was founded in 2004 to focus on design development and execution with flexible lead times and a commitment to quality.
Henry Ford revolutionized the automobile industry through innovations like the assembly line and $5 per day wages. He founded the Ford Motor Company in 1903 and began mass producing affordable Model T cars in 1908, selling over 15 million by 1927. Ford's use of the assembly line lowered costs and prices, making cars accessible to the masses. However, Ford resisted updates to the Model T and lost market share in the 1920s as competitors offered newer designs with more amenities. He remained opposed to unions as his company grew. Though a pioneering industrialist, Ford expressed anti-Semitic and authoritarian views and resisted changes in later life that diminished his modern legacy.
Henry Ford revolutionized the automobile industry through mass production techniques. He developed the first moving assembly line, which reduced vehicle assembly time from over 12 hours to just 93 minutes. This lowered costs, allowing Ford to offer cars affordable to the masses. Ford also pioneered a $5 per day wage for workers and profit-sharing plans to improve productivity and employee retention. His innovations transformed transportation and American industry.
Henry Ford was an American industrialist and founder of the Ford Motor Company. He revolutionized transportation and American industry by introducing the Model T automobile, which was affordable for the middle class using assembly line manufacturing. Key aspects of Ford's career included taking apart machines as a child to understand how they worked, founding the Ford Motor Company in 1903, introducing the moving assembly line for car production in 1913 which greatly increased efficiency and output, and paying workers $5 per day which was more than double the average wage at the time and helped grow the middle class. Ford transformed the United States from an agricultural to an industrial economy through mass production of affordable automobiles.
Henry Ford invented the Model T car in 1908, revolutionizing transportation and making cars accessible to the masses. By 1918, half of American families owned a Model T. However, Ford struggled with his business dealings in Nazi Germany in the 1930s-1940s. The Nazi government limited Ford's operations and contracts due to their nationalist policies. Ford officials had to agree to racial hiring criteria and increase exports to Germany to keep their subsidiary open under Nazi rule. Though controversial, Henry Ford transformed the world by inventing the affordable automobile.
A multi-paragraph essay that summarizes and explains at least th.docxfredharris32
A multi-paragraph essay that summarizes and explains at least three ways Ford impacted American life.
You must include at least three pieces of textual evidence. A thesis, 3 body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Must use evidence from these 2 sources below. It can be either from passage 1 or 2. Passages are below.
Passage 1
“The Boy Who Took Things Apart”
1
There once was a boy named Henry who liked to disassemble things to understand how they worked. Once he dismantled a friend’s watch and then put it back together. It worked perfectly. When Henry became an adult, he once said, “Every clock in the house shuddered when it saw me coming.”
2
Henry Ford was born July 30, 1863, on his family’s farm near Dearborn, Michigan. He was always fascinated with mechanical devices. His preoccupation with mechanical things prompted him to travel to nearby Detroit, Michigan. Detroit was a growing industrial city, and Henry had no problem finding work at the Detroit Dry Dock Company. There he saw the type of engine he would later use to manufacture automobiles. When he was 28, Henry Ford went to work at Thomas Edison’s Detroit Illuminating Company as a mechanical engineer. He was soon promoted to chief engineer, but he had loftier goals.
3
In his spare time, he tinkered with gasoline-powered engines and bicycle parts. His tinkering paid off in 1896 when he completed his first vehicle. He called his invention a “Quadricycle.” The vehicle ran on four bicycle tires powered by a two-cylinder gasoline engine. Onlookers, some of whom said it looked like a baby carriage with an engine, came to see Ford’s invention on its first test-drive. Unfortunately, the Quadricycle broke down after a short run. This minor failure did not discourage Henry Ford.
4
Ford began again. By 1899, he completed another vehicle that resembled a motorcar. It had high wheels, a padded bench, brass lamps, and mudguards. The same year he introduced his improved Quadricycle, he established the Detroit Automobile Company. In 1901, he raced his new Quadricycle against what was then the world’s fastest automobile. Before a crowd of 8,000 people, Henry Ford easily won the race.
5
Building on the publicity received from his victory, Ford was able to secure financing for facilities in which to refine his ideas. By 1903, he began his own company called The Ford Motor Car Company. By January of the following year, he had sold 658 vehicles. When he opened The Ford Motor Car Company, he said, “I will build a car for the great multitude.” He did so by offering the Model T at an affordable $950. During the nineteen years the Model T was in production, 15,500,000 were sold in the United States alone.
6
Henry Ford is remembered for more than affordable automobiles. He modernized manufacturing methods. As a boy, he took apart a $3 watch and examined the parts, figuring out that the watch could actually be made at a cost of thirty-seven cents each if the manufacturer would produce thousands of.
Henry Ford introduced a new economic model called Fordism in the early 1900s. Fordism involved using assembly line production methods to enable mass production and consumption. It organized workers into a highly efficient production process and also aimed to increase wages to boost mass consumption. Fordism spread widely after World War I as companies adopted assembly line production and countries sought to emulate the US economic model to recover from the Depression. It transformed industries and cities as large factories concentrated production and people migrated to urban areas for jobs.
The document provides a history of the automobile industry from its early beginnings in the late 19th century to its current global scale. It discusses key inventors and innovations that advanced internal combustion engines and automobile production. Major companies like Ford, GM, and Chrysler emerged as dominant producers in the US through mass production techniques. While the Great Depression led to industry consolidation, global production has now reached over 70 million vehicles annually, making automobiles a major worldwide industry.
Henry Ford was an American industrialist and business magnate who founded the Ford Motor Company. He introduced the assembly line technique of mass production to the automobile industry and reduced the price of cars for the masses. Some of his notable accomplishments include developing the Model T car, introducing the $5 per day wage for workers, and opening Ford assembly plants around the world which helped spread automobiles and his business globally. He also experimented with other industries like aviation and rubber plantations. By 1932, Ford was manufacturing one third of the world's automobiles. Later in life, Ford stepped down from his company's presidency and died at the age of 83 in 1947.
Henry Ford revolutionized automobile production with the assembly line and the affordable Model T. He was fascinated by machinery as a boy and left home to become a machinist. In the 1890s, he began working on gasoline-powered vehicles and founded the Detroit Automobile Company. In 1903, he started the Ford Motor Company to produce affordable cars for ordinary people. The Model T, introduced in 1908, became the best-selling car for 20 years due to its affordability and efficiency. Ford also treated his workers well, paying them higher wages than competitors, and produced cars on an innovative moving assembly line for increased output.
The document is a project report on Ford Motors submitted by Smriti Popli to her faculty member Nitin Walia. It includes an introduction to Ford Motors, the history of the company founded by Henry Ford in 1903. It also discusses the various vehicle brands owned by Ford including Ford, Lincoln, Mercury, Mazda, Volvo, Jaguar, Land Rover and Aston Martin. The report further provides details on the countries Ford operates in and the leaders of the company.
Henry Ford revolutionized car manufacturing through the assembly line process. The assembly line allowed cars to be mass produced in an efficient manner, reducing production time from over 12 hours to just 2 hours and 30 minutes for each Model T. This lowered costs and prices, making cars affordable for the middle class for the first time. Ford also paid workers $5 per day, double the average, which boosted the economy as workers had more money to purchase the cars. While the assembly line process standardized work and reduced autonomy for workers, it also increased productivity and economic growth during America's rise as an industrial powerhouse. Ford's innovations transformed manufacturing and had widespread influence on business and society in the 20th century.
Henry Ford was born in Michigan in 1863 and grew up on a prosperous farm where he developed an early interest in engineering. After working for Edison Illuminating Company, Ford began inventing, including the quadricycle. In 1903, Ford created the Ford Motor Company and became its vice president and chief engineer. Ford revolutionized the automotive industry with the affordable Model T and moving assembly line, enabling mass production. By the 1920s, half of all cars in America were Model Ts. Ford's innovations transformed 20th century manufacturing and shaped the modern world.
1) Henry Ford developed the assembly line at his Highland Park plant in Michigan in 1913, which was the culmination of decades of technological developments.
2) Key developments included interchangeable parts, portable electric motors that allowed for flexible factory layouts, and the concept of a moving assembly line where parts were brought to stationary workers.
3) These innovations enabled Ford to realize his goal of mass production and producing affordable cars for the masses using the most efficient methods possible.
Henry Ford was an American industrialist born in 1863 in Michigan who is renowned for revolutionizing the automobile industry. He is best known for founding the Ford Motor Company and developing the assembly line technique of mass production, which allowed him to produce the affordable Model T car for the American middle class on a large scale. Ford also pioneered the $5 per day wage for his workers, which was an unprecedentedly high wage at the time. He remained actively involved in his company until his death in 1947 at the age of 83 in Michigan.
This document provides biographical information about Henry Ford, the American industrialist and founder of the Ford Motor Company. It details how Ford showed an early interest in mechanics and tinkering, eventually leaving home at age 15 to work as an apprentice machinist. By the 1890s, Ford was working as an engineer and using his personal time and money to experiment with vehicle designs, building his first car in 1896. In 1903, Ford incorporated the Ford Motor Company and released the Model T car in 1908, going on to revolutionize the automobile industry through mass production techniques like the assembly line. The document outlines Ford's business philosophies around paying workers higher wages and offering profit sharing plans. It chronicles the
This document is a project report submitted by Gagan Nagpal to Chanderprabhu Jain College of Higher Studies for his BBA program. The report is about Ford Motors and provides an overview of the company's history dating back to its founding in 1903, its brands including Ford, Lincoln, Mercury, Mazda, Volvo, Jaguar, Land Rover and Aston Martin. It also discusses Ford's operations in over 90 countries, its leadership, manufacturing facilities, products, innovations and presence in India.
HENRY FORD IS FIRST MAN WHO INVENTED CAR AND FIRST INTRODUCED ASSEMBLY LINE IN MANUFACTURING AND HE MADE SO MANY CONTRIBUTIONS IN THE FIELD OF MANAGEMENT
Henry Ford revolutionized the automobile industry through innovations like the assembly line and $5 per day wages. He founded the Ford Motor Company in 1903 and began mass producing affordable Model T cars in 1908, selling over 15 million by 1927. Ford's use of the assembly line lowered costs and prices, making cars accessible to the masses. However, Ford resisted updates to the Model T and lost market share in the 1920s as competitors offered newer designs with more amenities. He remained opposed to unions as his company grew. Though a pioneering industrialist, Ford expressed anti-Semitic and authoritarian views and resisted changes in later life that diminished his modern legacy.
Henry Ford revolutionized the automobile industry through mass production techniques. He developed the first moving assembly line, which reduced vehicle assembly time from over 12 hours to just 93 minutes. This lowered costs, allowing Ford to offer cars affordable to the masses. Ford also pioneered a $5 per day wage for workers and profit-sharing plans to improve productivity and employee retention. His innovations transformed transportation and American industry.
Henry Ford was an American industrialist and founder of the Ford Motor Company. He revolutionized transportation and American industry by introducing the Model T automobile, which was affordable for the middle class using assembly line manufacturing. Key aspects of Ford's career included taking apart machines as a child to understand how they worked, founding the Ford Motor Company in 1903, introducing the moving assembly line for car production in 1913 which greatly increased efficiency and output, and paying workers $5 per day which was more than double the average wage at the time and helped grow the middle class. Ford transformed the United States from an agricultural to an industrial economy through mass production of affordable automobiles.
Henry Ford invented the Model T car in 1908, revolutionizing transportation and making cars accessible to the masses. By 1918, half of American families owned a Model T. However, Ford struggled with his business dealings in Nazi Germany in the 1930s-1940s. The Nazi government limited Ford's operations and contracts due to their nationalist policies. Ford officials had to agree to racial hiring criteria and increase exports to Germany to keep their subsidiary open under Nazi rule. Though controversial, Henry Ford transformed the world by inventing the affordable automobile.
A multi-paragraph essay that summarizes and explains at least th.docxfredharris32
A multi-paragraph essay that summarizes and explains at least three ways Ford impacted American life.
You must include at least three pieces of textual evidence. A thesis, 3 body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Must use evidence from these 2 sources below. It can be either from passage 1 or 2. Passages are below.
Passage 1
“The Boy Who Took Things Apart”
1
There once was a boy named Henry who liked to disassemble things to understand how they worked. Once he dismantled a friend’s watch and then put it back together. It worked perfectly. When Henry became an adult, he once said, “Every clock in the house shuddered when it saw me coming.”
2
Henry Ford was born July 30, 1863, on his family’s farm near Dearborn, Michigan. He was always fascinated with mechanical devices. His preoccupation with mechanical things prompted him to travel to nearby Detroit, Michigan. Detroit was a growing industrial city, and Henry had no problem finding work at the Detroit Dry Dock Company. There he saw the type of engine he would later use to manufacture automobiles. When he was 28, Henry Ford went to work at Thomas Edison’s Detroit Illuminating Company as a mechanical engineer. He was soon promoted to chief engineer, but he had loftier goals.
3
In his spare time, he tinkered with gasoline-powered engines and bicycle parts. His tinkering paid off in 1896 when he completed his first vehicle. He called his invention a “Quadricycle.” The vehicle ran on four bicycle tires powered by a two-cylinder gasoline engine. Onlookers, some of whom said it looked like a baby carriage with an engine, came to see Ford’s invention on its first test-drive. Unfortunately, the Quadricycle broke down after a short run. This minor failure did not discourage Henry Ford.
4
Ford began again. By 1899, he completed another vehicle that resembled a motorcar. It had high wheels, a padded bench, brass lamps, and mudguards. The same year he introduced his improved Quadricycle, he established the Detroit Automobile Company. In 1901, he raced his new Quadricycle against what was then the world’s fastest automobile. Before a crowd of 8,000 people, Henry Ford easily won the race.
5
Building on the publicity received from his victory, Ford was able to secure financing for facilities in which to refine his ideas. By 1903, he began his own company called The Ford Motor Car Company. By January of the following year, he had sold 658 vehicles. When he opened The Ford Motor Car Company, he said, “I will build a car for the great multitude.” He did so by offering the Model T at an affordable $950. During the nineteen years the Model T was in production, 15,500,000 were sold in the United States alone.
6
Henry Ford is remembered for more than affordable automobiles. He modernized manufacturing methods. As a boy, he took apart a $3 watch and examined the parts, figuring out that the watch could actually be made at a cost of thirty-seven cents each if the manufacturer would produce thousands of.
Henry Ford introduced a new economic model called Fordism in the early 1900s. Fordism involved using assembly line production methods to enable mass production and consumption. It organized workers into a highly efficient production process and also aimed to increase wages to boost mass consumption. Fordism spread widely after World War I as companies adopted assembly line production and countries sought to emulate the US economic model to recover from the Depression. It transformed industries and cities as large factories concentrated production and people migrated to urban areas for jobs.
The document provides a history of the automobile industry from its early beginnings in the late 19th century to its current global scale. It discusses key inventors and innovations that advanced internal combustion engines and automobile production. Major companies like Ford, GM, and Chrysler emerged as dominant producers in the US through mass production techniques. While the Great Depression led to industry consolidation, global production has now reached over 70 million vehicles annually, making automobiles a major worldwide industry.
Henry Ford was an American industrialist and business magnate who founded the Ford Motor Company. He introduced the assembly line technique of mass production to the automobile industry and reduced the price of cars for the masses. Some of his notable accomplishments include developing the Model T car, introducing the $5 per day wage for workers, and opening Ford assembly plants around the world which helped spread automobiles and his business globally. He also experimented with other industries like aviation and rubber plantations. By 1932, Ford was manufacturing one third of the world's automobiles. Later in life, Ford stepped down from his company's presidency and died at the age of 83 in 1947.
Henry Ford revolutionized automobile production with the assembly line and the affordable Model T. He was fascinated by machinery as a boy and left home to become a machinist. In the 1890s, he began working on gasoline-powered vehicles and founded the Detroit Automobile Company. In 1903, he started the Ford Motor Company to produce affordable cars for ordinary people. The Model T, introduced in 1908, became the best-selling car for 20 years due to its affordability and efficiency. Ford also treated his workers well, paying them higher wages than competitors, and produced cars on an innovative moving assembly line for increased output.
The document is a project report on Ford Motors submitted by Smriti Popli to her faculty member Nitin Walia. It includes an introduction to Ford Motors, the history of the company founded by Henry Ford in 1903. It also discusses the various vehicle brands owned by Ford including Ford, Lincoln, Mercury, Mazda, Volvo, Jaguar, Land Rover and Aston Martin. The report further provides details on the countries Ford operates in and the leaders of the company.
Henry Ford revolutionized car manufacturing through the assembly line process. The assembly line allowed cars to be mass produced in an efficient manner, reducing production time from over 12 hours to just 2 hours and 30 minutes for each Model T. This lowered costs and prices, making cars affordable for the middle class for the first time. Ford also paid workers $5 per day, double the average, which boosted the economy as workers had more money to purchase the cars. While the assembly line process standardized work and reduced autonomy for workers, it also increased productivity and economic growth during America's rise as an industrial powerhouse. Ford's innovations transformed manufacturing and had widespread influence on business and society in the 20th century.
Henry Ford was born in Michigan in 1863 and grew up on a prosperous farm where he developed an early interest in engineering. After working for Edison Illuminating Company, Ford began inventing, including the quadricycle. In 1903, Ford created the Ford Motor Company and became its vice president and chief engineer. Ford revolutionized the automotive industry with the affordable Model T and moving assembly line, enabling mass production. By the 1920s, half of all cars in America were Model Ts. Ford's innovations transformed 20th century manufacturing and shaped the modern world.
1) Henry Ford developed the assembly line at his Highland Park plant in Michigan in 1913, which was the culmination of decades of technological developments.
2) Key developments included interchangeable parts, portable electric motors that allowed for flexible factory layouts, and the concept of a moving assembly line where parts were brought to stationary workers.
3) These innovations enabled Ford to realize his goal of mass production and producing affordable cars for the masses using the most efficient methods possible.
Henry Ford was an American industrialist born in 1863 in Michigan who is renowned for revolutionizing the automobile industry. He is best known for founding the Ford Motor Company and developing the assembly line technique of mass production, which allowed him to produce the affordable Model T car for the American middle class on a large scale. Ford also pioneered the $5 per day wage for his workers, which was an unprecedentedly high wage at the time. He remained actively involved in his company until his death in 1947 at the age of 83 in Michigan.
This document provides biographical information about Henry Ford, the American industrialist and founder of the Ford Motor Company. It details how Ford showed an early interest in mechanics and tinkering, eventually leaving home at age 15 to work as an apprentice machinist. By the 1890s, Ford was working as an engineer and using his personal time and money to experiment with vehicle designs, building his first car in 1896. In 1903, Ford incorporated the Ford Motor Company and released the Model T car in 1908, going on to revolutionize the automobile industry through mass production techniques like the assembly line. The document outlines Ford's business philosophies around paying workers higher wages and offering profit sharing plans. It chronicles the
This document is a project report submitted by Gagan Nagpal to Chanderprabhu Jain College of Higher Studies for his BBA program. The report is about Ford Motors and provides an overview of the company's history dating back to its founding in 1903, its brands including Ford, Lincoln, Mercury, Mazda, Volvo, Jaguar, Land Rover and Aston Martin. It also discusses Ford's operations in over 90 countries, its leadership, manufacturing facilities, products, innovations and presence in India.
HENRY FORD IS FIRST MAN WHO INVENTED CAR AND FIRST INTRODUCED ASSEMBLY LINE IN MANUFACTURING AND HE MADE SO MANY CONTRIBUTIONS IN THE FIELD OF MANAGEMENT
2. Ten per cent or more…
Automobile industry accounts for ten
per cent or more of each nation’s gross
national products
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
3. European by birth, American by
adoption
Although the automobile was invented in
Europe, mass production as the basis of
mass marketing was developed and
established in United States
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
4. First revolution
The Ford system became the fundamental
paradigm for production system in the US
automobile industry
and was then transferred to advanced
nations,
including those in Europe, Japan and
other Asian nations, and adapted to the
current state.
state.
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
5. Second revolution
In the US, mass production inherited from
the Ford system was followed by a more
marketing oriented paradigm shift…..
shift…..
created by A.P. Sloan of General Motors,
which respond better to a mature market.
market.
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
6. Third revolution
In contrast to the mass production model,
the automobile industry in Japan, which
was the last to join the developed nations,
gathered mass production
manufacturing techniques from both
the European and US system, but
generated a production system
different from both.
both.
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
7. Lean production
This is called the Japanese production
system or just-in-
just-in-time (JIT)
manufacturing.
anufacturing.
A further development based of this
system is lean manufacturing
which took shape by absorbing automotive
product development systems and
supplier systems of keiretsu companies.
companies.
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
10. A market for entertainment
When Henry Ford entered the car-making
car-
business in 1899, the optimal
manufacturing strategy was to concentrate
production on a small quantity of
relatively expensive products and sell
them at a high markup.
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
11. Marketing genius
Henry Ford’s marketing genius was to
recognize that the desire to own a car was
nearly universal.
universal.
… early producers assumed that the market was
primarily for the recreational and leisure
purposes of the wealthy.
wealthy.
Ford however believed that a vast market
existed among poorer people for an
inexpensive vehicle
He saw that the key to making inexpensive
vehicles was to change the production process.
process.
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
12. HENRY FORD I
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
13. Ford Motor Co. at last
Henry Ford’s first two tentative to set up a carmaker company failed.
failed.
Detroit Automobile Company, established in 1899, built a couple
Company, 1899,
of dozen vehicles before closing in 1900.
1900.
Reorganized as the Henry Ford Company in 1901, the firm failed
1901,
again within a year. Ford himself claimed that his financial backers
year.
had given up on him too quickly, while his critics charged that he
was more interested in racing cars than in building them.
them.
The Ford Motor Company, Henry Ford’s third and ultimate
Company,
successful attempt to make cars, was founded in 1903.
1903.
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
14. From Model N to Model T
At the end of a long dispute, Henry Ford could
concentrate on building an inexpensive car,
car,
beginning with the four-cylinder Model N
four-
introduced in 1906 at a price of 600 dollars.
Model N was greeted enthusiastically and Ford
sales rose to 10.000 in 1908.
The successor to the Model N, Model T, was
T,
priced at 650 dollars on its introduction on 1909.
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
15. FORD MODEL N (anno 1902)
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
16. FORD MODEL T (anno 1914)
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
17. Mass production at Highland Park
Ford began production at a new plant at
Highland Park, Michigan, on New Year’s Day
1911
The Highland Park complex was known as the
Crystal Palace, as 75% of the building façade
Palace, 75%
was glass.
glass.
After installing the moving assembly line in 1913,
1913,
Ford finally hit the 500 dollars target. In its
target.
last year of production, in 1927, Model T could
1927,
be purchased for 290 dollars
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
18. HIGLAND PARK (primo stabilimento Ford)
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
19. To River Rouge
Model T production hit an all time peak
of 1,6 million in 1924. 67.000 workers
were employed at Highland Park in 1925.
…. but the plant’s days were numbered.
When Model T production ended in
1927, Highland Park closed and the
assembly line itself was moved to Ford’s
River Rouge complex
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
20. Folk hero
Henry Ford became an instant celebrity in
the US on January 5 1914 when he
announced that
- he would pay his workers 5 dollars a
day, reduce the work day from 9 to 8
hours,
- and hire several thousand additional
workers to staff a third shift
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
21. Autocrat and despot
Success with mass production and Model
T had given Henry a belief in the
absolute infallibility of his judgment.
judgment.
Ford criticized teachers, bankers and
lawyers.
He wanted to kick out all the doctors from
the Henry Ford Hospital and replace them
with chiropractors.
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
22. The best managers go away
Most of the Ford Motor Company talented
executives departed during the late 1910s
and early 1920s, including most of those
that had been instrumental for the
company’s early success.
Thereafter Henry Ford became a despot
who wielded absolute, arbitrary authority
over his company.
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
23. Admired in Soviet Union
Ford’s mass production revolution was
widely admired and emulated in the Soviet
Union.
Lenin and Trosky thought of Ford not as a
capitalist but as a revolutionary.
Ford tractors had a key role in improving
Soviet agricultural productivity.
Ford rejected Soviet government request to
build a factory there, having determined that it
could not be profitable
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
24. Grand Croix
Henry Ford admired the enterprise, orderliness
and industrial skill of the German Third Reich.
Reich.
On his seventy-fifth birthday, July 30 1938, one
seventy- 1938,
month before of the Munich Pact, Ford accepted
the Grand Croix of Germany by the German vice
consul in front of a cheering crowd in Dearborn.
Dearborn.
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
25. Ford cease to hold
During the 1930s Henry Ford turned over
responsibility for running his mass production
empire to Henry Bennet a boxer with connection
to organized crime.
Bennet beat up workers suspected of union
sympathies, prevented them talking to each
other and monitored their trips to the bathroom.
Bennet power exceeded even that of Henry
Ford’s son, Edsel, who had the title of company
Edsel,
president.
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
26. Bennet’s takeover
Bennet’s takeover
Ford believed that his son Edsel was not
tough enough to stand up to competitors, Union
organizers and government regulators, whereas
Bennet got things done in a hurry, especially
disagreeable task, like as firing union
sympathizer.
When forty-nine-years- old Edsel died in 1943,
forty-nine-years-
the old man returned as president at age eighty,
but in reality Bennet’s takeover of the
company was by then nearly completed.
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
27. Market share fell
Many Americans fed up with Henry Ford’s
ignorant pronouncements and brutal treatment
of workers refused to buy Ford cars.
Ford’s market share fell from 51% in 1924 to
20% in 1942. It was in third place behind GM
and Chrysler when production was halted three
month after the Japanese attack on Pearl
Harbor.
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
28. Henry II
By threatening to sell their company stock,
the elder Henry’s wife and Edsel’s widow
finally forced the old man in 1945 to turn
over the presidency of the company to
young Henry II (Edsel’s oldest son,
twenty-six-
twenty-six-years old).
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
29. HENRY FORD II
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
30. The end
Minutes after becoming president, armed
with a gun, Henry walked into Bennet’s
office and fired him from the company.
Two years later, Henry Ford died.
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
31. From Ford to Fordism
By revolutionazing industrial production
Fordism made the automobile
- affordable for most American families
- and brought decent wages to workers
in the automotive industry.
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino
32. ..but it failed to detect
Ford Motor Company stumbled badly
when it failed to detect changes in
consumer attitude during the 1920s.
1920s
Its market share slipped from one-half to
one-
one forth.
forth.
Ford ha sold most American families their
first motor vehicle, but General Motors
sold them their second, third and
second,
subsequent vehicles.
vehicles.
By Masters Division - Facoltà di
Economia di Torino