Paper 3 literary criticism
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- Aristotle analyzed the differences between epics and tragedies. Epics are narrative in form while tragedies use dramatic action. Epics can cover multiple plots while tragedies focus on a single theme. Tragedies also incorporate music and performance elements that enhance their emotional impact compared to epics. Ultimately, Aristotle believed that while tragedies had been criticized, they produce a stronger emotional effect and catharsis in the audience through the use of music and spectacle combined with a unified plot.
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- Mood - the feeling conveyed through images and sounds
- Tone - the author's attitude toward the subject and audience
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*I do not own the images used in the presentation. They are the property of their respective owners.
Tragedy
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Aristotle's Poetics
Aristotle's Poetics is considered the earliest surviving work of dramatic theory and first systematic treatise on literary criticism. In it, Aristotle defines poetry as a means of mimesis or imitation through language, rhythm, and harmony. He discusses different types of poetry like tragedy, comedy, and epic poetry. For tragedy specifically, Aristotle says the objects imitated are serious actions, the manner is dramatic rather than narrative, and the medium is verse spoken in dialogue. He provides key terms used in tragedy like hamartia, anagnorisis, peripeteia, and katharsis. Aristotle also outlines critical elements of plot and structure for a successful tragedy, including unity of action, completeness, magnitude, and eliciting
Aristotle
Aristotle built upon questions raised by his teacher Plato about the nature and purpose of literature. He differentiated between the three main types of Greek poetry - epic, tragic, and lyric poetry. Aristotle focused his analysis on tragedy, believing it contained all the elements of epic as well as its own unique qualities. According to Aristotle, a tragedy is comprised of plot, character, diction, thought, spectacle, and song, and features a tragic hero whose flawed judgment or hamartia leads to their downfall.
Tragedy is Superior to Epic
1) The document is a paper submitted by Gohel Ankita Kishorbhai comparing tragedy and epic.
2) It defines tragedy as an imitation of a serious action that elicits emotions like pity and fear, while an epic is a long narrative poem about important historical heroes and events.
3) The key differences discussed are that tragedies are more concentrated while epics can be longer, tragedies use more varied meter than epics, and tragedies are dramatic while epics use narrative.
Aristotle's Poetics
Aristotle's Poetics provides the first systematic analysis of drama and poetry. In it, Aristotle defines tragedy, explores its effects, and analyzes its key elements like plot, character, thought, diction, song, and spectacle. He compares tragedy to epic poetry, addresses their differences, and argues that tragedy is a superior form. The Poetics outlines Aristotle's view of mimesis in art and establishes foundational concepts for literary criticism.
POETICS
Aristotle's Poetics is considered the earliest surviving work of dramatic theory. In it, Aristotle analyzes the components of drama and epic poetry, including plot, character, thought, diction, and other elements. He discusses the purposes of tragedy and comedy and defines important concepts like catharsis and reversal. While influential, Aristotle's analysis in Poetics has also received some criticism for being too categorical and scientific in its approach to the arts.
Major Themes and analysis of Aristotle Poetics
Aristotle analyzed poetry and defined its key elements and functions. He argued that tragedy is the highest form of poetry. According to Aristotle, a good tragedy uses reversal and recognition to provoke catharsis, or purification, in the audience. It elicits feelings of pity and fear that result in a pleasurable release of emotions. Aristotle also emphasized the importance of plot and character development in tragedy, and defined its purpose as imitating life in a way that arouses catharsis.
Aristotle's poetics
This document summarizes Aristotle's work "The Poetics" and its key ideas. It begins by providing background on the author and work. The main points then compare Aristotle and Plato's differing views on poetry and imitation. Key definitions from Aristotle are outlined, such as his definition of tragedy. Other major concepts from "The Poetics" are briefly explained, like catharsis, types of plots, characteristics, and the dramatic unities of time and place. The document concludes by acknowledging room for improvement in the summary but hopes it provided a high-level overview of Aristotle's influential work.
Presentation1
This document summarizes Aristotle's work "The Poetics" and its key ideas. It discusses how Aristotle's views on poetry and tragedy differed from his teacher Plato's, defining tragedy as "an imitation of an action, serious, complete and of a certain magnitude." It examines Aristotle's analysis of the six elements of tragedy - plot, character, thought, diction, song and spectacle. It also describes Aristotle's concepts of the ideal tragic hero and the dramatic unities of time, place and action. The document was prepared by Ashish Trivedi for a class at Bhavnagar University.
Aristotle's observation on Poetry.pptx
Aristotle was a Greek philosopher who studied under Plato for 20 years and taught Alexander the Great. He wrote about many subjects including physics, politics, and aesthetics, and was one of the first writers of literary criticism. In his work Poetics, he analyzed tragedy, comedy, and epic poetry. Aristotle believed poetry tries to express universal truths about human nature, and that it originated from human instincts like imitation and finding pleasure in rhythm and harmony. He argued the function of poetry is to provide pleasure, and that the emotional appeal of poetry through catharsis is not harmful but rather health-giving and artistically satisfying, contradicting Plato's view that poetry stirs dangerous emotions.
Aristotle
1. Aristotle was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist born in Stagira, Macedonia in 384 BC who studied under Plato and established his own school called the Lyceum.
2. Aristotle defines poetry as a form of art that seeks to imitate or represent life through character, emotion, action, or objects using rhythm, language, and harmony. The main types of poetry he identifies are epic, tragedy, comedy, and music.
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This document discusses the six parts of tragedy according to Aristotle. It defines tragedy and outlines Aristotle's views on its key components: plot, character, thought, diction, spectacle, and melody. Plot is considered the soul of drama. Character is determined by qualities that reveal moral purpose and should come across as true to life. Diction refers to word choice and style. Melody includes music, rhythm and rhyme. Thought conveys themes and ideas. Spectacle provides visual demonstration and sensory effects. The document was submitted by Urvashi Chauhan for a class assignment.
Aristotle's Poetics
Aristotle's Poetics c. 335 BCE is the earliest surviving work of dramatic theory and the first extant philosophical treatise to focus on literary theory
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According to Aristotle, there are six essential parts that make up a tragedy: the plot, which is considered the soul of tragedy; characters, with the hero being most important; thought, which proves particular points and teaches truth; diction, or writing skill; song or melody, with the chorus integrated into the play; and spectacle, related to stage performance but should not create a sense of the monstrous.
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The document discusses the differing views of Plato and Aristotle on the purpose of art. For Plato, art should be limited and serve only to teach moral lessons and promote ethics, otherwise it could be harmful. Aristotle believed that art should provide pleasure for the audience and include elements like language, character, and plot that could elicit catharsis in the viewer, rather than strictly teach morality. Both philosophers had a major influence on Western art but there remains a debate on whether art should primarily teach or simply be enjoyed.
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Ppt for test
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Paper 3 literary criticism
- 1. WELCOME Name:- Sanjaykumar N Jogadiya Topic:- Compare and Contrast between Epic and Tragedy Part:- M.A. Sem-1 RollNo.34, EnrollmentNo.2069108420200017 Email Id: snjogadiya@amail.com Submitted: Smt. S.B. Gardi Department of English M K Bhavnagar University.
- 2. Compare and Contrast between Epic and Tragedy Aristotle about Aristotle was born at a Greek colonial town in 384 B.C. He was a philosopher, moralist, psychologist, logician and a literary critic. He was the student of philosophic school of Plato in early age but in his old age he himself runs the school. His major works are literary essays, literary dialogues constitution of Athens and treatises. Aristotle’s treatment of the epic is slight as compared to his treatment of tragedy. But he makes a few generalStatements, which bring out the salient features of the epic, and establishes the affinity as well as the difference between epic and tragedy He died in 322 B.C.
- 3. The basic difference between an epic and a tragedy. The first difference between an epic and a tragedy is their length. By its very nature the tragedy is more concentrated and compact. Its length is based on the principle that its size is more limited than its epic.
- 4. Epic The epic is in narrative form. The epic is narrated by the author or the character of the story and there is no action in the epic But in the epic there are no singing songs and in the epic the single meter, the duet of heroic, is used in hexagons. Many themes can be presented in the epic because one plot is better in a disaster but multi plots can be used in the epic. It has all the elements of an epic and it also has music and grandeur, which is lacking epic. reading a play without just playing is already very powerful.
- 5. Tragedy The tragedy is in the dramatic form. Action in the tragedy. Tragic songs are used in the tragedy A theme is preferably presented in Tragedy
- 6. Aristotle’s Conclusion Aristotle considers the question of the relative value of epic and tragedy. In his opinion, though tragedy has been criticized as Vulgar, this is not so. “Tragedy, he maintains, is richer in its effects, adding music and a spectacle to epic resources; it presents its stories even when read no less vividly than the epic; it has a strict unity; its methods are more concentrated; and it produces more effectively the requisite emotional result, the pleasure from the catharsis of pity and fear.”
- 7. Resources https://docs.google.com/document/d/1X O_GBq8EvEqd1I9IeeWXPwLSfMiGW63 AK-RvmQsKPiI/edit# https://www.academia.edu/ http://nazarbazmi.com/ And Anyothers
- 8. Thank you