1. COURSE TITLE :- FIELD CROPS - II ( KHARIEF ) COURSE NO. :- AGR 302 CREDIT LOAD :- 2+1 PRESENTED BY :- ( NITHYA)
2. TOPIC :- MUSTARD & RAPESEED Botanical Name : Brassica spp. Family : Brassicaceae ( Cruciferae )
3. INTRODUCTION Rapeseed & mustard are the 3rd most important edible oilseed crops of the world after soybean and oil palm. Mustard is Brassica juncea, whereas Rapeseed is Brassica campestris. This crop accounts for nearly one-third of the oil produced in India, making it the country’s key edible oilseed crop. Seeds are known by different names in different places ; Sarson , Toria or Lahi are generally termed as Rapeseeds while Rai or Raya or Laha is termed as Mustard. Oil content varies from 37 to 49%.
4. USES 1. Its oil & seeds are used in: ~ the preparation of pickles and for flavoring curries and vegetables. ~ human consumption ,. ~ preparation of hair oil and ,medicines ,soaps. ~ in mixture with mineral oils for lubrication. ~ Rapeseed oil is used in the manufacture of greases. 2. The oil cake is used as a cattle feed, its green stems and leaves are good source of green fodder for cattle. 3. The leaves of young plants are used as green vegetables. 4. In tanning industry, mustard oil is used for softening leather.
5. RAPESEED OIL MUSTARD OIL CANOLA OIL
6. ORIGIN& HISTORY The place of origin is not definitely known. It’s cultivation has been traced to 2000-1500 B.C in India, China and Japan. According to Prain (1898), Bailey (1922) and others: Rai (B.juncea) originated in China and from there it was introduced in India. According to Vavilov (1926)the place of origin of Rapeseed (B. campestris) is eastern Afghanistan and adjoining parts of India & Pakistan. Singh(1958) considered the B. campestris var. yellow sarson to the oldest of the various rapes & Mustard grown in India.
7. AREA AND DISTRIBUTION Rapeseed and mustard are grown in 53 countries of the world. WORLD :- Area - 35.44 Million ha ( 2017-18 ) Production - 40.60 Million metric tons ( 2017-18 ) Productivity - 2.09 Metric tons per ha ( 2017-18 ) Major growing countries :- : India, Canada, China, Pakistan, Poland, Bangladesh & . Sweden , etc. INDIA :- Area - 5.70 Million ha ( 2017-18 ) Production - 6.50 Million metric tons ( 2017-18 ) Productivity - 1 metric tons per ha ( 2017- 18 ) Major growing states of India :- U.P, Rajasthan, M.P, Haryana, Punjab, Assam, Bihar, . . Gujarat & West Bengal. U.P alone produces about 20 % of total rapeseed & mustard production in India. Total oilseed in J&K ( 2014-15 ) Area (000) Ha – 65.95 Production (000 Qtls ) – 583.8 yield ( Qt /ha ) – 8.85
8. Classification ( SINGH ,1958 ) B. campestris var. yellow sarson. B. campestris var. brown sarson B. campestris var. yellow toria B. campestris var. black toria. B. Juncea B. juncea var. rugose B. nigra SPECIES
9. BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION • Family : Cruciferae • Genus : Brassica • Plant is self-pollinated but cross pollination also takes place to some extent.
1. COURSE TITLE :- FIELD CROPS - II ( KHARIEF ) COURSE NO. :- AGR 302 CREDIT LOAD :- 2+1 PRESENTED BY :- ( NITHYA)
2. TOPIC :- MUSTARD & RAPESEED Botanical Name : Brassica spp. Family : Brassicaceae ( Cruciferae )
3. INTRODUCTION Rapeseed & mustard are the 3rd most important edible oilseed crops of the world after soybean and oil palm. Mustard is Brassica juncea, whereas Rapeseed is Brassica campestris. This crop accounts for nearly one-third of the oil produced in India, making it the country’s key edible oilseed crop. Seeds are known by different names in different places ; Sarson , Toria or Lahi are generally termed as Rapeseeds while Rai or Raya or Laha is termed as Mustard. Oil content varies from 37 to 49%.
4. USES 1. Its oil & seeds are used in: ~ the preparation of pickles and for flavoring curries and vegetables. ~ human consumption ,. ~ preparation of hair oil and ,medicines ,soaps. ~ in mixture with mineral oils for lubrication. ~ Rapeseed oil is used in the manufacture of greases. 2. The oil cake is used as a cattle feed, its green stems and leaves are good source of green fodder for cattle. 3. The leaves of young plants are used as green vegetables. 4. In tanning industry, mustard oil is used for softening leather.
5. RAPESEED OIL MUSTARD OIL CANOLA OIL
6. ORIGIN& HISTORY The place of origin is not definitely known. It’s cultivation has been traced to 2000-1500 B.C in India, China and Japan. According to Prain (1898), Bailey (1922) and others: Rai (B.juncea) originated in China and from there it was introduced in India. According to Vavilov (1926)the place of origin of Rapeseed (B. campestris) is eastern Afghanistan and adjoining parts of India & Pakistan. Singh(1958) considered the B. campestris var. yellow sarson to the oldest of the various rapes & Mustard grown in India.
7. AREA AND DISTRIBUTION Rapeseed and mustard are grown in 53 countries of the world. WORLD :- Area - 35.44 Million ha ( 2017-18 ) Production - 40.60 Million metric tons ( 2017-18 ) Productivity - 2.09 Metric tons per ha ( 2017-18 ) Major growing countries :- : India, Canada, China, Pakistan, Poland, Bangladesh & . Sweden , etc. INDIA :- Area - 5.70 Million ha ( 2017-18 ) Production - 6.50 Million metric tons ( 2017-18 ) Productivity - 1 metric tons per ha ( 2017- 18 ) Major growing states of India :- U.P, Rajasthan, M.P, Haryana, Punjab, Assam, Bihar, . . Gujarat & West Bengal. U.P alone produces about 20 % of total rapeseed & mustard production in India. Total oilseed in J&K ( 2014-15 ) Area (000) Ha – 65.95 Production (000 Qtls ) – 583.8 yield ( Qt /ha ) – 8.85
8. Classification ( SINGH ,1958 ) B. campestris var. yellow sarson. B. campestris var. brown sarson B. campestris var. yellow toria B. campestris var. black toria. B. Juncea B. juncea var. rugose B. nigra SPECIES
9. BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION • Family : Cruciferae • Genus : Brassica • Plant is self-pollinated but cross pollination also takes place to some extent.
In this presentation discuses about what is seed testing and what are the objective and important , what are the different types of quality assessment test .
This Presentation is about Lentil (Lens culinaris), also known as Massur, Masoor, Masura. This Presentation includes Introduction, Biological Classification, Morphology of Lentil Plant, Floral Biology, Origin, Cytology, Breeding Objectives, Breeding Procedures, Diseases and Insects damage the Lentil Crop,
In this presentation discuses about what is seed testing and what are the objective and important , what are the different types of quality assessment test .
This Presentation is about Lentil (Lens culinaris), also known as Massur, Masoor, Masura. This Presentation includes Introduction, Biological Classification, Morphology of Lentil Plant, Floral Biology, Origin, Cytology, Breeding Objectives, Breeding Procedures, Diseases and Insects damage the Lentil Crop,
'Overview of Indian Oilseed Sector Short term and Long term Demand - Supply and Import of Vegetable Oil with special reference to Indonesia and recent policy changes' by Dr. B.V. Mehta, 2014
Presented at the High-Level Ministerial (HLM) Conference on Rice Development in Sub-Saharan Africa 25 September 2018
Dakar, Senegal
Presented by Dr Amadou Beye, Seed Specialist,
Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice)
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
2. OILSEED CROPS GROWN IN THE COUNTRY
Sunflower Rapeseed/Mustard Canola Sesame
Maize LinseedSafflower Cotton
Soybean Peanuts
3. CURRENT SITUATION OF OILSEED CROPS
Edible Oil Requirement
(4.383 Million Tons)
Import Share
(3.906 Million Tons 89%)
Local Production
(0.477 Million Tons 11%)
Import bill
of ~USD
3.40billion
Per Capita Consumption
18 kg/annum
4. SHARE OF IMPORTED EDIBLE OILS & OILSEEDS IN
DOMESTIC USE
(2018-19)
SHARE OF IMPORTED EDIBLE OIL & OILSEEDS 2018-19
Oil Quantity (MT) Share (%) in imports
Share in total
availability %
Oil from imported Oils
Palm Oils 3.16 99
89%
Soybean Oil 0.014 0.4
Other Oils 0.019 0.6
Total (A) 3.194 (82%)
Oil from Oilseeds
Soybean 0.401 56
Canola 0.31 44
Sunflower 0.001 -
Total (B) 0.712 (18%)
Total (A+B)=C 3.906
5. SHARE OF LOCAL OILSEEDS
(2018-19)
Crop
Quantity
(MT)
Share in Local
production(%)
Share in total
availability
Cotton 0.302 63
11%
Rapeseed & Mustard 0.108 23
Sunflower 0.051 11
Canola 0.016 3
Total (D) 0.477
GRAND Total (C+D) 4.383
6. SHARE OF EDIBLE OILS IN TOTAL AVAILABILITY
(000 TONS) 2018-19
Palm Olein
44%
RBD Palm Oil
20%
Oil from imported
soybean
10%
Crude Palm Oil
8%
Oil from imported
rapeseed
7%
Cottonseed Oil local
7%
Rapeseed Oil local
3%
Sunflower Oil Local
1%
Canola Oil Local
0%
Soybean Oil
0%
Local11%Imported89%
7. LOCALLY PRODUCED EDIBLE OILS (000 TONS)
Cottonseed
Oil local
62%
Rapeseed
Oil local
24%
Sunflower
Oil Local
11%
Canola Oil
Local
3%
11%ofTotalRequirementsin2018-19
8. INCREASING DEMAND AND STATIC LOCAL PRODUCTION
HAS MADE US DEPENDENT ON IMPORTING EDIBLE OILS
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500 Domestic Prodution Imports Total Demand
Import dependence
is increasing
9. TREND OF INTERNATIONAL PRICES OF OILSEEDS
DURING LAST 10 YEARS
452
661
593 580
466 432 440 408 403 380 366
419
647
616 579
505
417 409 432 425 420 427
429
549
562 592
542
460
396 404 403
370
385
2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20
soybean rapeseeed Sunflower
11. AREA OF SUNFLOWER AND CANOLA DURING LAST TEN
YEARS (‘000’ ACRES)
1,130
929
872
1108
877
496
383
349
215 215
259 257
402
172
142
233
27 33 40 37 35 35
60 67
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19
Sunflower Canola
12. PRODUCTION OF SUNFLOWER AND CANOLA DURING
LAST TEN YEARS (‘000” TONS)
683
598
513
643
473
249
190 182
95 105
147 133
208
88
70
131
30 15 16 17 15 16
35 41
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19
Sunflower Canola
13. A COMPARISON OF CUSTOM DUTIES ON IMPORTED EDIBLE OIL AND
OILSEEDS IN PAKISTAN AND INDIA
Edible oils RBD
Palm Oil
Palm
Olein
Soybean Canola Sunflower
Pakistan
C&F price US$ 620 625 810 946 806
Fixed custom duty Rs. per
ton
10,800 9,050 10,550 16,800 16,800
Cess Rs/ton 50 50 50 50 50
FED (Rs 1/kg) 12,000 12,000 12,000 12,000 12,000
TOTAL 22,850 21,100 22,600 28,850 28,850
India
Ad-valorem custom duty * 59.40% 55% 49.50 49.50 49.50
CD in Pak Rupees/ton 57,820/- 53,969/- 62,949 73,518 62,638
Oilseeds Soybean Canola Sunflower
Pakistan
C&F price in US$ 415 475 405
Pak Rupees
(Rs=157 US$)
65,155 74,575 63,585
CD 5% (Rs.) 3,258 3,729 3,179
FED Rs. 0.40/kg 400 400 400
Total 3,768 4,136 3,840
India CD 30 to 49%* 32,252 22,373 19,076
Source: MPOB 6-11-2019 for Palm oils, USDA September 2019 for Soybean, Canola and Sunflower Oils/Oilseeds.
1 US$= 157 Pak rupees
* Solvent Extractors Association (SEA) of India (Soybean 49.5%, canola and sunflower 30% each)
14. CHALLENGES
Non-availability of suitable
machinery for planting,
harvesting and threshing
No availability of
quality seed at
economical prices
Comparatively high per capita
consumption of edible oil
CHALLENGES ADDRESSED UNDER NATIONAL
PROGRAMS
15. CHALLENGES IN BRIDGING GAP BETWEEN DEMAND AND
LOCAL PRODUCTION OF EDIBLE OILS
Crop MSP in INDIA Market price in* Pakistan
Kharif
Sunflower 4904 2000-2600
Soybean 3220 -
Sesamum 5627 9000-10750
Nigerseed 4766 -
Rabi
Rapeseed & Mustard 3646 2000-2600
Safflower 4292 -
*No Minimum Support Price is announced in Pakistan
Source: http://vikaspedia.in/agriculture/market-information/minimum-support-price
1 INR = 2.17 PKR
MINIMUM SUPPORT PRICE (MSP)
16. LOW YIELDS OF OILSEED CROPS IS THE KEY
REASON FOR POOR RETURNS
Average national yields of all oilseed crops are
Average national yields of all oilseed crops are 25% to 50%
of what the progressive farmers achieve
453 494
166
386 404
290
809
1214
600
890
1619
1012
Rapeseed &
Mustard including
Canola
Sunflower Sesamum Cotton Seed Groundnut Linseed
Average yield Progressive farmer yield
17. REASONS OF NON SIGNIFICANT GROWTH OF
OILSEEDS IN PAKISTAN
Competition for Rabi and Kharif i.e Wheat, Cotton,
Sugarcane, Rice, Maize etc
Heavy reliance on cheap imports & insignificant share
of local raw material
Non significant work on R&D, promotional work and
institutional support
Liberal Imports and enabling policies not conducive to
enhance local production
Less funding for R&D and promotion of oilseeds
• After devolution, oilseed planning is exclusively a
provincial subject but has gained little attention
▪
18. REASONS OF NON SIGNIFICANT GROWTH OF
OILSEEDS IN PAKISTAN
Low productivity/profitability due to
▪ Plantation on rain-fed areas and marginal lands
▪ Use of sub-optimal inputs
▪ Traditional sowing methods & Harvesting problems
▪ Non significant work on edible oil trees
▪ Lack of high yielding varieties/hybrids
▪ Losses due to biotic and abiotic stresses
Increase in
consumption
/Population
No Oilseed
Policy
No Campaign
against overuse
Up gradation of
Extraction/
Processing
business
Increase
share of Local
Production
Antagonistic and exhaustive. Perception or Reality
19. NATIONAL OILSEED ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM (NOEP)
Total Cost (Pakistan) = Rs. 10,963.883 Million
Punjab Share= Rs.5115 Million
Farmer Share = Rs. 375 Million
Duration =2019-20 to 2023-24
20. WAY FORWARD
• The present government has set off a National Agriculture Emergency Programme on
Crops, Livestock Fisheries, agriculture markets and conserving water.
• The objective of the Programme is to uplift small farmers by creating attractive
opportunities to increase profitability, make Pakistan more food secure and reduce
dependence on imports.
• In addition to the Minister of National Food Security & Research, the Prime Minister will
personally patron the Programme.
• For oilseeds “National Oilseed Enhancement Programme” for five years with total budget of
Rs. 10.964 billion has been launched
• Another project “Productivity Enhancement of Wheat” has also been launched with a total
budget of Rs.30.455 billion for five years to increase the yield/acre of wheat up to 280 kgs
to vacate the 4 million acres for oilseeds crops
21. OBJECTIVES OF THE PROEJCT
Sr. # INTERVENTION
1
To boost the adoption of oilseed crops by utilizing area to be vacated from
productivity enhancement programs of major crops (Wheat, Rice and Sugarcane).
2 Phase-wise increase yield of three potential crops viz Canola, Sunflower and Sesame.
3 To make oilseed crops comparable with cash crops.
4 Enhance export potential of Sesame seed.
5
Encourage oilseed growers through subsidy on seed, inputs & machinery and
appreciation awards.
6
To provide improved production technology of oilseed crops through aggressive
extension services, demonstration, training, mega and mini farmer gathering.
7
Ensure the availability of quality sowing seed through national and multinational seed
companies.
8 Promotion of mechanization for oilseed crops to minimize post harvest losses.
9 Popularize use of agriculture machinery for achieving optimum yield.
10
Mass awareness campaigns through print and electronic media for adoption of oilseed
crops.
11
To encourage solvent industry to procure farmers produces at competitive price and
establish procurement center in major growing areas.
23. Sr.
No.
Item Unit 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24
1
Subsidy on Oilseed
implements
i) Planter/ Drill
150 10 20 50 70 0
ii) Thresher for Oilseeds
iii)
Combine Header
Extension
2
Seed Subsidy
Program
Acres
i) Subsidy on Sunflower 37,224 44,669 52,114 65,143 79,449
ii) Subsidy on Canola 14,612 20,092 36,531 56,623 83,542
iii) Subsidy on Sesame 28,800 43,200 57,600 86,400 144,000
3 Demonstration Plots Number
i) Sunflower 150 30 30 30 30 30
ii) Canola 150 30 30 30 30 30
iii) Sesame 75 15 15 15 15 15
4
Mega Farmers
Gathering
No. 70 50 45 30 30
5 Yield competitions No. • Canola 7 Divisions (Except Rawalpindi & Gujranwala)
• Sunflower 6 Divisions (Except Faisalabad, Rawalpindi,
Lahore)
• Sesame All 09 Division
• One at provincial level for each crop
YEAR WISE COMPONENT WISE PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES / TARGET OF
THE PROJECT ON OILSEED
24. RECOMMENDATIONS
National Oilseeds Policy to meet contemporary
conditions and ensuing situation
National Oilseed Plan may be announced for next 10
years with monitoring through a National Commission for
productivity enhancement, self reliance through
– Strengthening of National Agriculture Research
System (NARS) for R&D and Extension service
– Establishment of Endowment fund for edible oil
production from farm to fork
– Rejuvenation of Pakistan Oilseeds Development Board
to plan, coordinate and to provide secretarial support
to the commission
25. RECOMMENDATIONS
Review of tariffs and fees especially palm oil >90%. Will
improve cotton crop as well
Traceability of edible oil imports from port to the
consumer end through digital means.
Massive campaign against adulteration, deteriorating
quality in blending, misbranding etc
Targeting malnutrition and health hazards and over use
of edible oil to implement WHO standards
Venaspati Ghee (Hydrogenated Oil) manufacturing
regulation to avoid health hazards. 117 members and Rs
120 Billion annual tax (PVMA)
PSQCA and Pure Food Rules may be implemented and
further improved if required
26. RECOMMENDATIONS
Consortium of private and public sector to develop areas under oilseeds
linked with solvent plants
Establishment of Procurement Centres from APSEA for Sesame, Canola
and Sunflower
National Program for Palmoil and edible oil tree (Olive) plantations with the
help of Provincial Governments
Cash subsidy through IT system @ Rs 5000/acre on Sunflower and Canola
under National Program may be extended further with the support of Oil
Industry
National Slogans, mega promotional plans (Seed Support) to encourage
oilseeds production for home consumption for heath, income and reduce
expenditure
Education in schools/colleges and awareness seminars.
TV shows, road shows, cooking programs & competitions and other
activities for healthy consumption and demerits of low quality oils
27. RECOMMENDATIONS
APSEA to work on model of sugar and Tobacco industries to
provide quality seed and other inputs & procure as well
Farmers Support through low interest credit and crop
Insurance for the edible oilseed growers and dedicated
campaign on oilseeds
Distribution of canola seeds in sachet of 250 gm for
intercropping in berseem crop on ridges (To replace sarsoon)
(Punjab has over 2 million acre area under Berseem/Lucerne)
Distribution of small oil expellers at village level with training
about oil processing. (A Dedicated project at National Level with
share from the provinces for Canola cultivation)
Establish a team of service providers for specialized
services on contract farming, corporate farming, cluster
farming etc
28. RECOMMENDATIONS
Development of short duration canola hybrids and
varieties with higher yields & resistant to shattering
Development of local sunflower hybrids with higher
yields via-a-vis indigenous seed production.
Promotion of photoperiod insensitive new soybean
varieties in different zones
Use of quality seed (FSC&RD) and mechanization
Improvement and effective dissemination of
production technology through provinces
Private sector companies be invited and supported to
develop oilseeds areas i.e Palm, Olive, Sunflower,
Canola, safflower, groundnut, castor bean, sesame etc
29. RECOMMENDATIONS
Encouraging private sector for quality seed production,
training on local oil extraction & processing, farm machinery
provision and value addition
Replacement of sarsun with canola from juncea background.
Canola inter-cropping with sugarcane
Sunflower cultivation in cotton and rice based cropping
systems of Punjab and Sindh and in tobacco fallow lands of
Jehlum Mardan, Swabi and Mansehra districts.
Promotion of oilseed crops in fallow lands, river belts, sailaba
and Khuskhaba areas.
Promotion of Soybean in Northern areas of Punjab, KP during
autumn and during spring Southern Punjab and
Sindh.Cultivation of olive in the northern parts of the country,
FATA and Baluchistan
Plantation of Safflower and castor bean on marginal lands in
the country