The documents discuss challenges in the private security sector, internal and external stakeholders, influences of technology, and data collection methods. Specifically: 1) There is conflict between private security officers and law enforcement due to undefined roles, lack of trust, and competition over similar functions. Both groups need improved cooperation, information sharing, and joint training. 2) Internal stakeholders directly influence and are influenced by a firm's success, while external stakeholders are indirectly impacted. Stakeholder management supports strategic objectives by considering interests and expectations. 3) Technology has improved living standards but also enabled crimes like identity theft and piracy. It has disrupted social interaction while aiding education and problem solving. Information systems change work and learning methods.

1. PAPER 1
Identifying the challenge in private security
The private security is a traditional occupation whose primary
objective is to provide security to firms, individuals,
institutions either through the use of technology or carrying out
manual checkups. Today, private security is typically used in
very many places, by people and organizations. Apart from
protection of property, various firms use the private security
services to conduct investigations and to protect the workers
among other roles
Challenge
One main issue in facing the private security sector is the
conflict that exists between the private security and the
government law enforcers. Abosang et al.,( 2015) states that
there exists a recurrent conflict between the private security and
the department that enforces the public law. Even if there is a
need for the two sectors to cooperate, there is a great rivalry
between the two groups and no group entirely trusts the other.
According to (Aranas, 2012), the challenges the difficulties that
exist can be traced to a few factors
One major factor is the undefined roles and responsibilities
more so the private security. The public law enforcing sector is
unfamiliar with the many sets of functions within the private
security sector or with the specialists and technicians that
perform these roles. It results in role conflict. In many cases,
the public law enforcers have petite experience, and they lack
specialized skills. Due to their limited knowledge, they make a
lot of assumptions during their operations. This unfamiliarity
results to mistrust and lack of respect between the two groups.
The public law enforcers see the private security officers as
ineffective in crime prevention, and crime mitigation functions.
Another possible reason could be the competition that exists
between the two entities. As stated in by (Rojec, 2012) the key
the collaboration between the two groups is a major hitch,

2. owing to mistrust, lack of information sharing, and
misinformation. The law enforcers feel that the officers in the
private entity lack the necessary training and are a major
challenge in the security forces. On the other hand, the private
security guards feel that the police officers have limited
knowledge on dealing with the private security and therefore
fail to appreciate the role played by individual officers to
combat crime.
As a solution to this problem, both entities are responsible for
sharing their knowledge and teaching each other on their
knowledge. As noted in the 2004 National Policy Summit, both
entities perform similar law enforcement conference and hence
it is easy for them to train together. If the push and pull that
exists between the two security groups will not be resolved,
there will be anarchy and people will be vulnerable to attack.
Both private security and public law enforcers work for the
good of the people and therefore the people will be affected by
the existing conflicts. One approach is to have both groups
share information and even attend similar training programs.
It is also important that they have face to face meetings from
time to time. The growth in the private security has provided a
ready workforce that can be outsourced to beef up security force
when the situation demands. However, the government is rarely
concerned about the nation’s capacity to produce such highly
trained and qualified security force. On the other hand, such
private security workers are never monitored and are left to
follow orders from their employers. It is necessary to have
armed people under government oversight to help control and
monitor the use of firearms. Drucker, (2012).
References
Abosag, Ibrahim, Dorothy Aiwan Yen, and Caroline Tynan.
"The dark side of business relationships: An overview." The
Dark Side of CRM: Customers, Relationships and Management
(2015).
Aranas, P. F. (2012). Smokescreen: The US, NATO and the
Illegitimate Use of Force. Algora Publishing.

3. Drucker, P. (2012). Managing in the next society. Routledge.
Rojek, J., Alpert, G., & Smith, H. (2012). The utilization of
research by the police. Police practice and research, 13(4), 329-
341.
PAPER 2
Internal and external stakeholders
Internal Stakeholders are the individuals or group that
participates in the firm’s management. The internal stakeholders
can influence or be influenced by the failure or the success of
the firm due to the vested interest that they have to the firm.
The internal stakeholders are also known as the primary
stakeholders. The entire internal stakeholders are dedicated to
providing services to the firm. They are highly affected by the
performance, decisions, profitability and all other activities of
the firm. If the internal stakeholders are absent, the
organization cannot run well and will not manage to survive in
the long run. That’s the reason they have a greater impact on the
firm (Drori et al, 2013). More to this, they are the ones who
know all the internal matters about the entity. Internal auditors
include the following;
Employees; these are the group of people who work for the
firm to be remunerated. We also have the owners who include
the individuals or groups of people who owns the organization.
They can either be partners or shareholders. There is the board
of directors who includes groups of individuals governing the
incorporated entity. They are elected by the company’s
members during an annual general meeting. There also the
managers who manage the entire department and the investors
who include the individual who has invested their money in the
organization.
External stakeholders
External stakeholders are the parties who are interested in
the firm, but they are not part of the management though they
are indirectly affected by the ongoing of the company. They
include the outside parties which form part of the business

4. environment. They in most cases use the financial information
from the company so that they can know about its profitability,
performance, and liquidity. External stakeholders are not
involved in the day to day activities of the firm, but their
actions have direct influence to the firm. They include;
The suppliers who provide inputs to the firm, customers
who consume the products from the firm, the creditors who
include individuals, banks or other financial institutions
providing funds to the firm. There are also the clients who
include the parties that the firms provide services to. We also
have the intermediaries who are the marketing channels creating
links between the customers and the company. There are the
competitors who are the rivals competing with the organization
for market and resources as well. Also, there is the government
and the society.
The stakeholders exercise different types of powers within
their reach which influences the ongoing of the firm. An
example of these may include the government or the local
government who reward tax incentives to the firm which makes
commitments to the firm to hire local workers. The
stakeholder’s strength mostly comes from the economic power
as a result of boycotts due to the promises of increased
purchase. They also form coalitions with other stakeholders to
help shape the sentiment of the public against that of the
organization. Customers reward the organizations by accepting
to buy goods and services from the organizations. The
stakeholder management supports the strategic objectives of the
organization by influencing and interpreting the external
stakeholders’ interest. The leaders mostly benefit with
interactions with the external stakeholders who help them have
a better understanding of their concerns and expectations hence
getting means on how to weigh them in about the priorities of
the organization (Weiss, 2014).
Being a stakeholder means that you got an actual input on
the investment which enhances the development of a law
enforcement agency that is successful. The issue that is seen

5. with most of the internal stakeholders is the use of excessive
force to the community that conveys the lack of ethical and
moral judgment and integrity on their agencies and themselves.
So for any community policing to be a reality and for it to be
viewed successfully it must be evaluated by the stakeholders
who have invested in the agency and the executives who enforce
the law. An internal atmosphere encompassed with problem
solving that are adequate must be created which must begin to
form their homes and then carried on to the office. The officers
must acquire problem-solving and group dynamic skills which
are more reliable and those including team building, anger and
conflict management techniques in mediation and more to this
the communication skills (Aydin, 2015).
To motivate the individuals into buying the solution, I
will initiate problem-solving strategies that are more
collaborative and those that will help the agencies involved in
law enforcement and the community people who are affected at
large. There will also be the creation of an atmosphere
supporting teamwork, to help the internal stakeholders reduce
victimization between all the officers and the people from the
community. All the teams that are involved in running the
organization must ease their emotional shares while outlining
the duties of the firms and must have a belief that they have an
evocative amount of control in all the roles that they play.
There should also be effective communication with the
department members, partners, community leaders and everyone
affected by the criminal acts which use excessive force used by
the officers who enforces the law. There should be laid
strategies which ease the amount of tension between the
community affected and the officers.
References
Drori, I., & Honig, B. (2013). A process model of internal and
external legitimacy. Organization Studies, 34(3), 345-376.
Aydin, G. (2015). Alexander Brem & Éric Viardot (eds.),
Adoption of Innovation: Balancing Internal and External
Stakeholders in the Marketing of Innovation. Turkish Economic

6. Review, 2(3), 196-202.
Weiss, J. W. (2014). Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues
management approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
PAPER 3
Technology Influences
This paper looks at the influences of technology, how it has
contributed to improving the standard of living, how it has
helped in development, the barriers encountered and also the
vices of technology. This paper will serve to propose ways in
which technology or information systems can be used to come
up with solutions for any occurring problems.
Following the emergence of new technologies and information
systems, there has been many developments as well as problems
resulting from this; the internet has had the greatest impact in
developing technology. People can buy or sell both goods and
services in online platforms, they can even explain how they
intend to deliver what they are selling. On the plus side, this has
helped promote businesses and make trade easier. A person can
buy a book online from where he is, pay for it and receive it.
(Donley, 2012)
These online businesses are not as safe as they may seem, some
people have advertised products online, posted pictures of these
products and given the price of them. In the end, a person may
go to buy a book only to find that the contents in the book are
not the contents of the book he wanted.
With the development of technology, there have been cases of
identity theft; this is a situation where someone pretends to be
someone else. Some people do this in order to drain people their
money. For instance some people can use a social media
account with the name and details of a certain person, they may
contact this person’s friends with the intention of taking money
from them. (Raza, 2008)
Phones nowadays have made it easy to track people wherever
they are. This makes it easy for family members to know where
the person is and also for the law enforcers to track criminals or

7. monitor their movement (Davis, 2015). This can have deafening
implications on people, terrorists can tell the location of a top
official they are searching for by using GPRS tracking. This
makes it easy for criminals to attack people or to monitor their
calls.
The growth of technology has also aided significantly to the
rising issues of piracy. Musicians are the most affected by
piracy, they produce their music and while they are trying to
sell their albums, people are already downloading the music and
burning them on disks which they sell at cheap prices. The issue
of piracy has hindered most artists from reaching the heights
they deserve.
Technology has also contributed to the rise of crimes such as
hacking, fraud, and it has promoted scams. The Government has
also been victims of hackers, on April 4, the FBI said that a
hacking group had had access to US Government files for years
(Davis, 2015). This is prove that with technology, even the most
powerful people are still vulnerable and may get caught up in
these crimes. (Bicchierai, 2016)
Technology has also disrupted the social life. Unlike in the
olden days whereby people used to meet in places, talk and keep
showing up in that same spot only to get a glimpse of each
other, technology has ensured that people can meet only once
and become close friends or even lovers, simply by exchanging
their numbers and then they begin texting or calling each other.
The social networking has also damaged olden day socialization
and replaced it with online socializing. People meet on social
media platforms, maybe twitter, Skype or Facebook. They get to
know each other and ultimately become close friends. The
problem with social networking is that one does not actually
know how much the other person is keeping as a secret and also
the much that this person is lying about. People do not disclose
their bad sides, on the social media most people are innocent
and interesting while in person they maybe drug lords or social
killers or terrorists or maybe top Government officials or secret
agents working for the Government. (Bicchierai, 2016)

8. New information systems have drastically changed the old ways
of handling things, the use of chalk and boards is reducing as
classes are now using computers for their learning. This is a
positive outcome but to the people who earned their living by
manufacturing these, this is definitely a loss to them.
Information systems and technologies have ensured that
people’s lives are no longer a secret. Some people would want
their personal life to remain private but technologies have made
this hard to achieve. People deserve to live a quiet life whereby
people will not judge them because of what is written about
them or because of what they do for a living. (Davis, 2015)
The internet has greatly hindered change in people, some people
have done horrible things in the past but even when they have
completely changed their ways, one would search on the
internet and find the past which these people may be trying to
leave behind. This is problematic because it keeps reminding
these people of how bad they were and even if they move past it
there will always be a person looking at that past and still
judging that person.
Technology should be used to bring solutions to issues that are
proving hard to deal with. In China there is a restaurant served
by robots. This is a positive use of technology; robots will take
orders without questioning them and will deliver exactly what
they are asked.
Donley, (2012) maintains that technology can be used in
education and for education purposes. This has been relevant
through E-learning, whereby students can study by use of
electronic means. A teacher in the U.K. can teach a student in
the U.S.A; this is a much-advocated solution to the use of
technology.
Social networking may have its vices but it can also be useful in
getting the best out of people. For instance, introverts may tend
to open up through the social media, in event that a group is
discussing something through the internet, you may find that
even the most silent people are contributing, asking questions

9. and giving suggestions to the group. This is not only an
effective way to use technology but also a helpful way.
Scientists have devised ways to make work easier, making
machines that can do most of the works that humans can. This
helps to increase the level of creativity within the people. Facial
recognition technologies are an example of the modern
technologies that are helping nations grow and helping reduce
crime rates while at the same time ensuring criminal do not
roam around the streets without looking over their shoulders.
(Raza, 2008)
In conclusion, the field of information technology is one that
keeps developing by the day. This is the field that will ensure
new technologies are developed for a better use and curb the
problems that they might bring. Most things have their
advantages and disadvantages; it is right to argue that
technology can be used for a good course and to bring progress
if it is in the right hands.
References
Raza, S. A. & Standing, C. (2008) Systemic problems in
information technology adoption and use: A system thinking
perspective, Joondalup, Western Austraria: Edith cowan
University.
Davis, J. H. (2015, July 9). Hacking of Government computers
exposed 21.5 million people. The New York Time, Retrieved
from http://www.nytimes.com
Franceschi-Bicchierai, L. (2016, April 4). FBI says a mysterious
hacking group has had access to US Govt files for years.
Motherboard,Retrieved from http://www.motherboard.vice.com
Donley, M. (2012) Technology’s influence on education, The
Tech issue, Retrieved from http://source.southuniversity.edu
PAPER 4
Data Collection
Creating a distinct topic is a fundamental concept of doing
research. Ideally, the definition of a topic is a multi-step
process. A viable research topic needs to be something that an
individual is highly interested in it. A research topic is

10. significant and scientifically original (Seamons & Spafford).
Research can be focused in various areas such as psychology,
marketing, finance, economics, and accounting. This paper will
focus on the psychological topic titled, “how color affects an
individual’s mood.”
Collected data indicating a problem
Colors appear to be unimportant and simple but have the
ability to affect our contemporary lives. Studies have shown
that colors can produce particular chemicals that stimulate
feelings, for instance, hunger. Ideally, blue color makes an
individual calm since it generates the calming chemicals
whereas red color induces hunger since it is considered an
appetite stimulant (Offermann, 2012). There needs further
research to determine any impact of color on the color blind
individuals.
Relevance of the data sources to the problem
The concept of color psychology is critical to marketing.
Additionally, color psychology is essential in the way
individuals operate at trade shows, dress, and in design. Colors
have diverse meanings in the majority of cultures (Offermann,
2012). The use of color themes is prevalent in most restaurants.
Statistics reveals that people tend to lose their temper and get
violent in a yellow room. Research should be done to
demonstrate the impact of colors to the color blind.
In conclusion, arriving at an appropriate research topic is a
multi-step process. A good research should be appealing to the
researcher. There are diverse fields for research although this
paper focuses on psychology and specifically color psychology.
It has been established that color can affect an individual’s
mood. It is, however, unknown if the color has any impact on
the color blind individuals.
References
Offermann, A. (2012). Color Psychology – analyze the
rainbow!. Mobile Beat Magazine - Online, In Person and In
Print - For Mobile DJs, KJs and VJs. Retrieved 10 August
2016, from http://www.mobilebeat.com/color-psychology-

11. analyze-the-rainbow/
Seamons, K. & Spafford, G. How to choose a research topic.
Retrieved from
http://spaf.cerias.purdue.edu/StudentInfo/How2.pdf