The document explains the flow of data in a computer system, detailing the input (via devices like a keyboard and mouse), process (managed by the CPU), and output stages (through a monitor and speakers). It also describes the roles of various bus systems, including the control bus, address bus, and data bus, which facilitate communication and data transfer between devices. Lastly, it highlights the concept of bandwidth as a measure of the amount of data that can be handled by the data bus.

1. P3- Represent how data flows around a computer system
Ajay Jassi
Input
Process
- Keyboard
CPU
- Mouse
Output
- Monitor
- Speakers
Input stage: Data is inputted into the computer to let a process occur; in the diagram above are
examples of input devices. Keyboard is used to type words into the computer and a mouse is used to
move the cursor and to click.
Process stage: Data is being used up from the input devices, to give a process for the CPU to take
place.
Output stage: Data is being given out in a form of light and sound. The examples above are a
monitor to give display, and speakers to produce sound. This also produces waste energy from heat.
Block Diagram showing how CPU works
CPU
Memory
Address bus
System bus
Control bus
Input and
Output
Data bus
Control bus:It is used for the CPU to communicate with other devices, which is connected to the
computer. This is physically done with cables and connections.
Address bus:It is used transfer data between devices which is identified by hardware address of the
physical memory. It is used by the CPU to locate physical address to read and write commands.
Data bus:Data bus is a computer subsystem. It is used to transfer data from one component to
another on the motherboard. The amount of data a data bus can handle is called bandwidth.