Ceramic materials are commonly used in total joint replacements and come in different forms and compositions. Alumina ceramic is the most widely used medical-grade ceramic and has advantages like strength and biocompatibility but risks like fracture. Zirconia toughened alumina ceramic combines alumina and zirconia to improve strength and reduce wear compared to traditional alumina. Zirconia ceramic is one of the strongest ceramics suitable for medical use. Oxinium creates a zirconium oxide layer on zirconium metal for total hip replacements. However, ceramic is less commonly used for total knee replacements due to the knee joint's incongruent surfaces and high stresses during walking.

1. Ceramic What is ceramic ceramic materials used in total joints belong to a class of materials called oxide ceramicThe aluminum oxide appears in three forms :a. gemsb. surgical grade ceramicc. pottery

2. Medical grade ceramicAdvantages and risks

3. Alumina ceramicModern (third generation) alumina ceramic is composed of very small crystals of aluminium oxide

4. Zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) ceramicZTA ceramic is combinations in microseparation simulator studies consistently showed lower wear than the alumina used as historical control

5. Zirconica ceramicIs one of the highest-strengh ceramics suitable for medical use

6. OxiniumCreate a thin layer of zirconium oxide on the surface of the solid zirconium metalOxinium materials for total hipsOxinium for total knee prosthesis

7. Ceramic for total kneesUse for total knee joints is hampered by two facts :The total knee joints have not congruent joint surfacesThe femoral component that would sustain the stresses that occur during walking in the knee

8. Other ceramic materialsHydroxyapatite coatingOther osteoinductive substances