The document discusses molecular mechanisms of osteoporosis. It defines osteoporosis as a medical condition where bones become brittle and fragile from loss of tissue, often due to hormonal changes or deficiencies in calcium or vitamin D. The document outlines that bones are composed of an organic matrix and inorganic minerals including calcium, phosphorus, and collagen. It also describes the roles of osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts in bone formation and resorption. Pathways involved in osteoporosis pathogenesis include glucocorticoid signaling and molecular signals such as RANKL, DKK-1, and sclerostin. Treatments discussed are antibody therapies targeting these molecules as well as stem cell therapy and

1. Molecular Mechanism of Osteoporosis
Presented by:- SHOUVIK KUMAR NANDY
SHIKHA THAKUR
Department of Pharmacology

2. CONTENTS:-
1. Introduction
2. Component of bones
3. Pathophysiology of osteoporosis
4. Molecular signaling of osteoporosis
5. Treatment
6. Bone remodeling
7. Reference
Fig:- Osteoporosis bone damage

3. Introduction(1):-
 Definition of Osteoporosis:- A medical condition in which the bones brittle and fragile from loss of
tissue, typically as a results of hormonal changes or deficiency of calcium or vitamin D.
 Low bone density.
 Increase the risk of fracture.
Osteoporosis bones Normal bones

4. Composition Of Bone(1)
Matrix Cells
Organic Inorganic
Osteocyte
Phosphorus
Calcium
Non collagenous
protein
Collagen
Osteoclast
Osteoblast
Fig:- Human Bones

5. • Osteocytes:-
Are mono nuclear cells in mineralized matrix.
• Osteoblast:-
Responsible for mineralization of bone matrix.
Responsible for secretion of type 1 collagen and large number of collagenous bone
protein.
• Osteoclast:-
Excusably bone resorbing cell.
Appears at site of high bone turn over.

6. Fig:- Pathophysiology of Osteoporosis(3)

7. Pathophysiology of glucocorticoids- induced osteoporosis

8. Fig:- Molecular signaling of osteoporosis

9. Treatment(2)
 Anti body therapy:-
Selerostin inhibitor- Romosozumab
RANKL inhibitor- Denosumab
DKK- 1 Inhibitor
 Anti- serotonin therapy
 Stem cell therapy

10. RANKL inhibitor

11. Bone remodeling(4):-
Bone remodeling is a lifelong process where mature bone tissue is
removed from the skeleton and new bone tissue is formed.
Sex hormone at puberty contributes in modeling.
Also nutrition, life styles and genetic factor.
Vit D receptor type 1 collagen, ER, IL-6 IGF-I.

12. Bone remodeling(4)

13. Hormones &growth factor regulating bone formation:-

15. Bone remodeling(4)

16. Reference:-
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0dV1Bwe2v6c&t=55ss
2. https://pmj.bmj.com/content/78/923/526
3. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1297319X18303476
4. https://www.redalyc.org/jatsRepo/3313/331359393004/html/index.html
5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0dV1Bwe2v6c&t=55s

17. Thank you