Slides from the third lecture of the Vikings class.

1. Map of Viking attacks in Europe: map from Vikings: the
North Atlantic Saga, edited by Fitzhugh and Ward.

2. Map of pre-Viking Age Britain and the Viking attacks in the British Isles.
Left map from Peter Hunter Blair, Roman Britain and Early England,
55 B.C.-A.D. 871; right map from Short Oxford History of the British
Isles: From the Vikings to the Normans, edited by Wendy Davies.

3. Map of pre-Viking Age Ireland and map of Viking attacks and
longphorts in Ireland. Left map from Nora Chadwick, The Celts; right
map from Ferguson, The Vikings: a History.

4. Vikings in the British Isles: left—map of the attacks of the 870s; right—
attacks of the 890s. Maps from The Anglo-Saxons, edited by James
Campbell.

5. Maps of Viking activity in England: left—map showing Viking settlement
and the Danelaw; right—map showing Scandinavian place-names in
England. Left map from Vikings: the North Atlantic Saga, edited by
Fitzhugh and Ward. Right map from Henry Loyn, The Vikings in
Britain.

6. Maps of the Northern and Western Isles: left—map of the “Kingdom of
the Isles”; right—map of Viking settlement in Orkney and Shetland
Islands. Left map from Benjamin Hudson, Viking Pirates and Christian
Princes; right map from Short Oxford History of the British Isles: From
the Vikings to the Normans, edited by Wendy Davies.

7. The Lindisfarne Stone, 9th century:
left—this side believed to depict those killed in the Viking raid of 793;
right—this side represents the Day of Judgment. Images from Vikings:
the North Atlantic Saga, edited by Fitzhugh and Ward.

8. Objects of interest to Vikings:
Left—the Oronsay shrine mounts, found in 1891 in Oronsay, Scotland.
Right—Gandersheim casket, made of walrus ivory, late 700s. Left
image from Vikings: the North Atlantic Saga, edited by Fitzhugh and
Ward; right image from Herzog-Anton-Ulrich Museum, Braunschweig,
Germany.

9. Trade/raiding between Scandinavia and Western Europe:
left—Ranvaig’s casket; center—an Irish penannular brooch from a
Viking cemetery in Kilmainham, Ireland; right—the Helgö Crosier.
Images from Vikings: the North Atlantic Saga, edited by Fitzhugh and
Ward.

10. Skelling Michael, SW Ireland, Wikimedia Commons

11. Left—stairs to the monastery on Skellig Michael; right—monks’ cells on
Skellig Michael. Images from www.visitsouthwestkerry.ie.

12. Coin of Guthrum/Ethelstan. One of the trade marks of a well-established king
in the middle ages was the ability to produce coinage. Once Guthrum began to
rule in the southern Danelaw and had converted to Christianity, he too
produced his own coinage. Image from The British Museum.

13. The Age of Athelstan: left—coin of Athelstan, proclaiming him ‘Rex
totius Brittaniae’; right—a disc brooch, 10th century, made in England
but influenced by Danish styles. Right image from The British
Museum; left image from The Anglo-Saxons, edited by James
Campbell.

14. Images from Viking York: left—an overhead view of archaeological dig
in York, 1972; right—remains of a silk cap found in York. Images from
Vikings: the North Atlantic Saga, edited by Fitzhugh and Ward.

15. Anglo-Scandinavia art: left—the Middleton Cross, Yorkshire; center
and right—the Gosforth Cross, Cumbria. Left image from Middleton
Church, Yorkshire, England. Center and right images from St. Mary’s
Church, Gosforth, Cumbria, England.

16. Viking settlement at Jarlshof, Shetland Islands and map of Jarlshof
location. Image and map from Vikings: the North Atlantic Saga, edited
by Fitzhugh and Ward.

17. Viking burials in Britain: left—a boat burial in Westness, Orkney
Islands; right—gravemarkers (hogbacks) from Brompton, Yorkshire.
Images from Vikings: the North Atlantic Saga, edited by Fitzhugh and
Ward.

18. Shetland Vikings: left—Law Ting Holm meeting site; top right—a silver
ring brooch; bottom right—Tingwall church, overlooking Law Ting
Holm. Images from Noel Fojut, Prehistoric and Viking Shetland.