Oriental Self about the difference between oriental and western definition of self
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M1 UTS Philosophical Perspective.pptx
This document discusses philosophical perspectives on the self from various thinkers throughout history. It addresses views of:
- Socrates, who saw the self as dualistic with a perfect soul and imperfect body.
- Plato, who believed the soul is immortal and has rational, spirited, and appetitive parts.
- Aristotle, who saw the soul as the essence of the self, with vegetative, sentient, and rational kinds.
- Later philosophers like Descartes, Hume, and Churchland debated the relationship between mind, body, and brain in defining the self. Overall the document analyzes changing philosophical understandings of human identity and nature.
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Western concepts of self emphasize the individual as separate from others and the external world. They view the self as analytical, monotheistic, individualistic, and rational. Eastern concepts see the self as interdependent and embedded within relationships. In Hinduism and Buddhism, the self is not a fixed entity but a process. Confucianism sees the self developing through relationships and fulfilling social roles and duties. Cultures vary in their emphasis on individualistic versus collective selves, with Western cultures focusing more on independence and uniqueness, and Eastern cultures prioritizing group harmony and interdependence.
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The document discusses the differences between Eastern and Western concepts of self. It states that according to Eastern philosophy, the self does not truly exist due to ignorance of the world's true nature, while Western philosophy sees the self as existing but with pluralistic views. It explores perspectives on self from Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, Hinduism and contrasts individualistic Western views with Eastern collectivism. The aim of studying self is achieving personal knowledge in the West and union with the higher self in the East.
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Several philosophers throughout history have proposed different understandings of the self based on their philosophical orientations:
- Pre-Socratics like Thales saw the self as the soul which gives movement and is the primal matter underlying all things. Socrates viewed self-knowledge as the key to virtue and happiness. Plato believed the rational soul should govern the other parts.
- St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas incorporated Christian theology, seeing the soul as immortal and what distinguishes humans from animals. Descartes defined the self as mind/soul separate from the body.
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Being uncertain and insecure about one's perception of oneself might lead to failure or a lack of interest in life. Understanding oneself and the kind of person one wants to be is crucial. To develop a positive self-concept, one must first have self-awareness.
There is a difference between self-concept and self-understanding, despite popular belief to the contrary. A person's self-concept is made up of all of their behaviors, convictions, and skills, as well as what they infer about themselves from other people's reactions. The capacity to comprehend oneself includes the capacity to comprehend one's own actions, reactions, and behaviors.
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M1 UTS Philosophical Perspective.pptx
This document discusses philosophical perspectives on the self from various thinkers throughout history. It addresses views of:
- Socrates, who saw the self as dualistic with a perfect soul and imperfect body.
- Plato, who believed the soul is immortal and has rational, spirited, and appetitive parts.
- Aristotle, who saw the soul as the essence of the self, with vegetative, sentient, and rational kinds.
- Later philosophers like Descartes, Hume, and Churchland debated the relationship between mind, body, and brain in defining the self. Overall the document analyzes changing philosophical understandings of human identity and nature.
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Western concepts of self emphasize the individual as separate from others and the external world. They view the self as analytical, monotheistic, individualistic, and rational. Eastern concepts see the self as interdependent and embedded within relationships. In Hinduism and Buddhism, the self is not a fixed entity but a process. Confucianism sees the self developing through relationships and fulfilling social roles and duties. Cultures vary in their emphasis on individualistic versus collective selves, with Western cultures focusing more on independence and uniqueness, and Eastern cultures prioritizing group harmony and interdependence.
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The document discusses the differences between Eastern and Western concepts of self. It states that according to Eastern philosophy, the self does not truly exist due to ignorance of the world's true nature, while Western philosophy sees the self as existing but with pluralistic views. It explores perspectives on self from Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, Hinduism and contrasts individualistic Western views with Eastern collectivism. The aim of studying self is achieving personal knowledge in the West and union with the higher self in the East.
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Several philosophers throughout history have proposed different understandings of the self based on their philosophical orientations:
- Pre-Socratics like Thales saw the self as the soul which gives movement and is the primal matter underlying all things. Socrates viewed self-knowledge as the key to virtue and happiness. Plato believed the rational soul should govern the other parts.
- St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas incorporated Christian theology, seeing the soul as immortal and what distinguishes humans from animals. Descartes defined the self as mind/soul separate from the body.
- Later empiricists like Hume and Locke rejected the immaterial soul, seeing the self as a bundle of perceptions or
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Being uncertain and insecure about one's perception of oneself might lead to failure or a lack of interest in life. Understanding oneself and the kind of person one wants to be is crucial. To develop a positive self-concept, one must first have self-awareness.
There is a difference between self-concept and self-understanding, despite popular belief to the contrary. A person's self-concept is made up of all of their behaviors, convictions, and skills, as well as what they infer about themselves from other people's reactions. The capacity to comprehend oneself includes the capacity to comprehend one's own actions, reactions, and behaviors.
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The document discusses different perspectives on the self from philosophy and anthropology. In philosophy, thinkers such as Socrates, Plato, Aristotle viewed the self as consisting of both physical and non-physical elements. Later philosophers such as Descartes, Locke, and Hume debated the relationship between mind, body, and personal identity. In anthropology, the self is seen as culturally constructed and context dependent rather than fixed. Researchers study how culture shapes one's sense of self and relationships.
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This document provides an overview of Oriental psychology, which draws from ancient writings in Buddhism, Zen, Sufism, and Yoga. It discusses key concepts in each tradition, including the four noble truths and eight-fold path in Buddhism, the emphasis on sudden awakening over scripture in Zen, the search for metaphysical truths in Sufism, and the goal of unifying mind, body and spirit through meditation, breathing and thinking in Yoga psychology. The document also contrasts Western and Eastern approaches, noting Eastern traditions view the ideal or perfect as normal, while cultivation of subjective experience is the main concern.
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The document discusses different philosophical perspectives on the self from ancient to modern times. It describes views such as:
- For the Pre-Socratics like Heraclitus, the soul's movement is the ultimate source of all other movement.
- Socrates believed the true task is to know oneself and that the unexamined life is not worth living.
- Plato saw the soul as having three components - reason, emotions, and desires - and virtue comes from balancing these.
- For Descartes, the self is the mind, and "I think therefore I am" captures his view that the only indubitable fact is one's own existence as a thinking being.
-
Easternphilo
This document provides an overview of several Eastern philosophical traditions, including Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, and Islam. It describes the key figures, texts, concepts, and beliefs of each tradition. For Buddhism, it discusses Siddhartha Gautama, the Four Noble Truths, karma, ignorance, and the goal of nirvana. For Confucianism, it discusses Confucius, li, tao, righteousness, and humanheartedness. For Taoism, it discusses Laozi, the Tao Te Ching, yin and yang, and virtue. For Islam, it discusses the origins and meaning of the word Islam and core beliefs in one God and the purpose
Eastern and western philosophy of self
The document compares Eastern and Western concepts of self. In Eastern thought as seen in Confucianism and Taoism, the self is relational and defined by relationships, and self-cultivation is important. In Confucianism, living according to principles like propriety and righteousness is valued. Taoism sees the self as an extension of nature and the cosmos, valuing selflessness. Buddhism sees the self as composed of five aggregates and teaches anatman, that there is no permanent self. The ultimate goal is nirvana or enlightenment. In Western thought, the self is distinct from others and defined by individual attributes, while Eastern thought focuses more on social roles and relationships.
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Anatomy is the study of the structure of the different cells, tissues, organs and systems. An understanding of the anatomy of birds, and the different body systems found in the bird, is useful when an understanding of how poultry work or function, is sought. Knowledge of bird anatomy (body parts) enables the poultry industry to maximize bird performance and maintain good welfare practices.
Birds, like other animals, consist of a number of body systems which operate independently or with each other to maintain the normal activity and functioning of the animal as a whole. Each of these body systems consists of organs, which are special structures that are adapted to carry out specific activities or functions. Each organ, in turn, consists of tissues which consist of the various types of cells that ultimately provide the means for the organs and systems to carry out their activities and functions.
All animals have a skeleton to allow them to stand up and to protect their internal organs and tissues. The avian skeletal system looks similar to those of their mammalian counterparts, but there are some important differences. Many of these differences relate to the bird’s need to be light enough to fly while still maintaining the needed body support. Some important differences between the skeletons of birds and mammals are:
1. Some of vertebral sections are fused together to provide the rigidity required for flight.
2. The sternum provides a large surface area for the strong attachment of the main flight muscles.
3. The size of the head has been reduced significantly when compared to other species. A large head would make flying more difficult.
4. The tail has been reduced to a very short section of fused bones called the pygostyle (sometimes referred to as the Parson’s nose or the Pope’s nose).
5. The ribs have been modified by the inclusion of the uncinate process which refers to overlying flaps projecting off the ribs connecting ribs to the ones beside them. This gives strength to the rib cage so that it will not collapse during flight.
6. The neck is quite long in most species to enable the bird to:
• Protect the delicate tissues of the brain from too much jarring when landing; the flexibility of the neck acts as a shock absorber
• Aid in the reaching of food located on the ground; the rigid body makes this simple activity more difficult without this modification
• Aid in the adjustment of the center of gravity needed when the bird changes from the upright position of walking or perching to the more horizontal position of flight
• Allow the bird to use its beak to obtain oil from the preen gland located on its tail; the bird uses the oil to preen its feathers The bones of birds are also lighter in weight than those of their mammalian counterparts.
Identify or name the skeletal parts as marked on the image below. Use the given table.
1. Incisive (Upper Beak) 2. Nasal 3. Lachrymal 4. Eye socket
5. Mandible (Lower Beak) 6. Vertebral Cranium
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The document discusses different philosophical perspectives on the self from ancient to modern times. It covers views of the self from pre-Socratic philosophers like Thales who saw the soul as the primal matter and source of movement. Socrates believed man has both a body and soul and that the unexamined life is not worth living. Plato saw the soul as having rational, spirited and appetitive components. Later philosophers like Augustine, Aquinas and Descartes further developed ideas of the soul/mind being distinct from the body. Hume rejected the idea of a soul beyond the physical and saw the self as a bundle of perceptions. Kant and later philosophers viewed the self as organizing sensory experiences.
History of Philosophy Esatern and Western.ppt
This document provides an overview and outline of a presentation on the history of philosophy. It discusses the importance of understanding the historical context of philosophical ideas and compares perspectives in Eastern and Western philosophy. The major sections will cover ancient Greek philosophy, medieval philosophy with the rise of Christianity, and modern philosophy from the Renaissance onward. Key philosophies that will be examined include Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, and the major eras and movements in Western thought.
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This document is a paper on Transcendentalism in the context of global spirituality. It discusses Transcendentalism and its relation to spirituality, providing definitions from dictionaries. It then examines spirituality in Indian, Japanese, Chinese, and Islamic traditions, quoting influential texts. It concludes that Transcendentalism revives spiritual truths by transcending limitations and societal corruption. Resources used in researching the paper are listed at the end.
Lesson 4 understanding the self.pptx
This document compares Western and Eastern concepts of self through examining Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism. In Confucianism, the self is relational and defined by significant relationships, with self-cultivation being the purpose of life. The Taoist self is an extension of nature and society, emphasizing balance and selflessness. Buddhism teaches that there is no permanent self, only ephemeral experiences and five aggregates that make up a person. The ultimate goal is enlightenment and escaping rebirth through nirvana. Overall, Eastern views see the self as interconnected and defined by social roles, while Western views are more individualistic and focused on personal attributes.
Transcendentalism.ppt
Transcendentalism was a philosophical movement that developed in the late 1820s and 1830s in the United States. It was centered around the idea that knowledge comes from personal intuition rather than religious doctrine or scientific reasoning. Ralph Waldo Emerson was a leader of the movement and advocated for self-reliance, individualism, non-conformity, and finding spiritual truth through nature. His influential essay Self-Reliance encouraged Americans to develop their own ideas rather than imitating Europe and to trust their own intuitions. The Transcendentalist movement emphasized idealism, spirituality, and social reform. It influenced American literature and philosophy in developing a uniquely American identity.
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The document compares Western and Eastern perspectives on the self. In Western perspectives, thinkers like Aristotle and Plato viewed the soul and body as separate, with the soul being the true self. The Western view emphasizes self-actualization and scientific investigation. Eastern perspectives like Buddhism and Confucianism see the self as impermanent and focus on finding one's role in society rather than the individual. Overall, the document contrasts the more scientific, individualistic Western views with the more socially oriented, non-scientific Eastern views on the concept of the self.
Understanding The Self
This document discusses different philosophical perspectives on the concept of the self. It begins by outlining the objectives of understanding the self from a philosophical lens and exploring key questions about the nature of the self. It then provides an overview of empiricism and rationalism as two approaches in philosophy. Several philosophers are discussed, including their distinct views on the self - whether it is composed of mind and body, a soul, or reducible to behaviors. In under 3 sentences, the document seeks to explain different philosophical perspectives on the concept of the self by outlining key questions about the nature of the self, discussing empiricism and rationalism, and summarizing various philosophers' distinct views on whether the self is composed of mind and body, a soul
Worldview
The document discusses different worldviews and how they shape culture. It defines worldview as a culture's perspective on existence and reality, which often operates unconsciously. The key expressions of worldview are attempts to answer life's big questions. Forms of worldview discussed include religion, secularism, and spirituality. Specific religions covered are Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, and their core assumptions, cultural influences, and views on death.
foundation of education by Dr . Tolanath kafle
दर्शनका वारेमा सानाे प्रयास नेपाली भाषीकालागि केहीमात्रामा उपयाेगी हुन्छ भ न्रे अपेक्षा सहीत येा पहिलाेे प्रयास
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This document provides an overview of Oriental psychology, which draws from ancient writings in Buddhism, Zen, Sufism, and Yoga. It discusses key concepts in each tradition, including the four noble truths and eight-fold path in Buddhism, the emphasis on sudden awakening over scripture in Zen, the search for metaphysical truths in Sufism, and the goal of unifying mind, body and spirit through meditation, breathing and thinking in Yoga psychology. The document also contrasts Western and Eastern approaches, noting Eastern traditions view the ideal or perfect as normal, while cultivation of subjective experience is the main concern.
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The document discusses different philosophical perspectives on the self from ancient to modern times. It describes views such as:
- For the Pre-Socratics like Heraclitus, the soul's movement is the ultimate source of all other movement.
- Socrates believed the true task is to know oneself and that the unexamined life is not worth living.
- Plato saw the soul as having three components - reason, emotions, and desires - and virtue comes from balancing these.
- For Descartes, the self is the mind, and "I think therefore I am" captures his view that the only indubitable fact is one's own existence as a thinking being.
-
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This document provides an overview of several Eastern philosophical traditions, including Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, and Islam. It describes the key figures, texts, concepts, and beliefs of each tradition. For Buddhism, it discusses Siddhartha Gautama, the Four Noble Truths, karma, ignorance, and the goal of nirvana. For Confucianism, it discusses Confucius, li, tao, righteousness, and humanheartedness. For Taoism, it discusses Laozi, the Tao Te Ching, yin and yang, and virtue. For Islam, it discusses the origins and meaning of the word Islam and core beliefs in one God and the purpose
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The document compares Eastern and Western concepts of self. In Eastern thought as seen in Confucianism and Taoism, the self is relational and defined by relationships, and self-cultivation is important. In Confucianism, living according to principles like propriety and righteousness is valued. Taoism sees the self as an extension of nature and the cosmos, valuing selflessness. Buddhism sees the self as composed of five aggregates and teaches anatman, that there is no permanent self. The ultimate goal is nirvana or enlightenment. In Western thought, the self is distinct from others and defined by individual attributes, while Eastern thought focuses more on social roles and relationships.
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Birds, like other animals, consist of a number of body systems which operate independently or with each other to maintain the normal activity and functioning of the animal as a whole. Each of these body systems consists of organs, which are special structures that are adapted to carry out specific activities or functions. Each organ, in turn, consists of tissues which consist of the various types of cells that ultimately provide the means for the organs and systems to carry out their activities and functions.
All animals have a skeleton to allow them to stand up and to protect their internal organs and tissues. The avian skeletal system looks similar to those of their mammalian counterparts, but there are some important differences. Many of these differences relate to the bird’s need to be light enough to fly while still maintaining the needed body support. Some important differences between the skeletons of birds and mammals are:
1. Some of vertebral sections are fused together to provide the rigidity required for flight.
2. The sternum provides a large surface area for the strong attachment of the main flight muscles.
3. The size of the head has been reduced significantly when compared to other species. A large head would make flying more difficult.
4. The tail has been reduced to a very short section of fused bones called the pygostyle (sometimes referred to as the Parson’s nose or the Pope’s nose).
5. The ribs have been modified by the inclusion of the uncinate process which refers to overlying flaps projecting off the ribs connecting ribs to the ones beside them. This gives strength to the rib cage so that it will not collapse during flight.
6. The neck is quite long in most species to enable the bird to:
• Protect the delicate tissues of the brain from too much jarring when landing; the flexibility of the neck acts as a shock absorber
• Aid in the reaching of food located on the ground; the rigid body makes this simple activity more difficult without this modification
• Aid in the adjustment of the center of gravity needed when the bird changes from the upright position of walking or perching to the more horizontal position of flight
• Allow the bird to use its beak to obtain oil from the preen gland located on its tail; the bird uses the oil to preen its feathers The bones of birds are also lighter in weight than those of their mammalian counterparts.
Identify or name the skeletal parts as marked on the image below. Use the given table.
1. Incisive (Upper Beak) 2. Nasal 3. Lachrymal 4. Eye socket
5. Mandible (Lower Beak) 6. Vertebral Cranium
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This document discusses different philosophical perspectives on the concept of the self. It begins by outlining the objectives of understanding the self from a philosophical lens and exploring key questions about the nature of the self. It then provides an overview of empiricism and rationalism as two approaches in philosophy. Several philosophers are discussed, including their distinct views on the self - whether it is composed of mind and body, a soul, or reducible to behaviors. In under 3 sentences, the document seeks to explain different philosophical perspectives on the concept of the self by outlining key questions about the nature of the self, discussing empiricism and rationalism, and summarizing various philosophers' distinct views on whether the self is composed of mind and body, a soul
Worldview
The document discusses different worldviews and how they shape culture. It defines worldview as a culture's perspective on existence and reality, which often operates unconsciously. The key expressions of worldview are attempts to answer life's big questions. Forms of worldview discussed include religion, secularism, and spirituality. Specific religions covered are Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, and their core assumptions, cultural influences, and views on death.
foundation of education by Dr . Tolanath kafle
दर्शनका वारेमा सानाे प्रयास नेपाली भाषीकालागि केहीमात्रामा उपयाेगी हुन्छ भ न्रे अपेक्षा सहीत येा पहिलाेे प्रयास
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Event Link:- https://meetups.mulesoft.com/events/details/mulesoft-mysore-presents-mule-event-processing-models/
Agenda
● What is event processing in MuleSoft?
● Types of event processing models in Mule 4
● Distinction between the reactive, parallel, blocking & non-blocking processing
For Upcoming Meetups Join Mysore Meetup Group - https://meetups.mulesoft.com/mysore/YouTube:- youtube.com/@mulesoftmysore
Mysore WhatsApp group:- https://chat.whatsapp.com/EhqtHtCC75vCAX7gaO842N
Speaker:-
Shivani Yasaswi - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shivaniyasaswi/
Organizers:-
Shubham Chaurasia - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shubhamchaurasia1/
Giridhar Meka - https://www.linkedin.com/in/giridharmeka
Priya Shaw - https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-shaw
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This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
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'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
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occur natural.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
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Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
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Oriental Self about the difference between oriental and western definition of self
- 1. ORIENTAL SELF "Self and Faith Intertwined" Presented by Kienth Arthur
- 2. Para kanino ka bumabangon? - Nescafe
- 3. - It raises questions about the ultimate meaning of human life. - They have developed theories of self as they have investigated what it means to be a human being. Eastern/Oriental Thought
- 4. - Its emphasis is relational rather than individual. - The self is considered not in isolation but in relation to others, society, and the universe. - Eastern theories are highly practical. They offer a variety of techniques for cultivating a deeper understanding of the self.
- 6. BUDDHISM - Buddhism comes from the root word “Budh” meaning “Awake” - Siddhartha Gautama known as the “Buddha” is the founder of Buddhism
- 7. The 5 parts that compose the individual - Matter - Sensation - Perception - Mental Constructs - Consciousness
- 8. - There is no self (or soul) - There is only nothing and all else is an illusion - “Annica” literally means impermanence suggest that everything in life is always changing, walang Forever. - The ideal is to experience Nirvana, a state of transcendence devoid of self-reference and can be achieved through Meditation.
- 9. What goes around, comes around
- 10. HINDUISM - Religion of the ancient people known as the Aryans. - The law of “Karma” is the most important doctrine.
- 11. - Hindus believe that “Atman” being an immortal continues to be reincarnated from lifetime to lifetime until it is freed from the cycle of rebirth and reach a state of Nirvana or Non-birth. - Karma does not end with a body’s death; its influence may extend through incarnation of the soul.
- 12. “Do not do unto others what you would not want others do unto you” The Golden Rule - Confucius
- 13. CONFUCIANISM - A philosophy of belief system from ancient China. - Founded by Confucius
- 14. - The individual’s greatest mission of attaining self- realization wherein self-cultivation is instrumental. - Self-cultivation could be accomplished by knowing one’s role in the society and act accordingly. - Moral character is perfected through continuously taking every opportunity to improve oneself in thought and in action.
- 15. TAOISM - An ancient tradition of philosophy and religious belief attributed to Lao Tzu.
- 16. - Taoism believed that the self is an extension of the cosmos, not on social relationship. - They described the self as one of the limitless forms of the Tao. - “Tao” is commonly regarded as a nature that is the foundation of all that exist. - The perfect man has no self and the selfless person leads to a balanced life, in harmony with nature.
- 17. The YIN and Yang - Yin is characterized as an inward energy, feminine, dark and negative (black). - Yang is characterized as outwards energy, masculine, light, and positive (white)
- 18. EASTERN WESTERN DIMENSIONS Religion and Philosophy are intertwined. There is a separation between philosophy and religion/spirituality. Frame of Reference Buddhism Hinduism Confucianism Taoism Scholasticism Rationalism Empiricism Phenomenology Examples of School of Thought/Belief system Confucius Lao Tzu Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) Socrates Plato Aristotle Rene Descartes John Locke Noble Philosophers
- 19. EASTERN WESTERN DIMENSIONS They trusted intuition and is often associated with religious baliefs. They made use of reasons rather than faith to pursue wisdom. Source of Knowledge Synthetic and Inductive Analytic and Deductive Modes of Cognition Commonalities and Harmonies Distinctions and Oppositions Emphasis Circular Linear View of the Universe and Life Sociocentric Egocentric View of Self Polytheistic (Pluralistic) Monotheistic Theological View To achieve a balanced life and find one’s role in society. Self-actualization through personal growth Ideal
- 20. THANK YOU