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Optimizing LAMPhp Applications
The document discusses optimization strategies for PHP applications and web services, emphasizing that there are no one-size-fits-all solutions, only guidelines and best practices. It covers various aspects, including Apache tuning, PHP opcode caching, MySQL optimization, and essential tools for profiling and monitoring performance. The speaker also encourages understanding underlying systems to improve overall efficiency.
Optimizing LAMPhp Applications
- 1. Optimizing LAMPhp Applications RootConf, 26th May 2012 Piyush Goel Capillary Technologies piyush.goel@capillary.co.in
- 2. Optimization “Premature Optimization is root of all Evil” - Donald Knuth Direction and Goal Oriented Takes Effort and Time No Silver Bullets, only guidelines and practices 26/05/2012 RootConf
- 3. Web Applications arelike Onions !! 26/05/2012 RootConf
- 4. Web Applications arelike Onions !! Layered Architecture Rocks !! 26/05/2012 RootConf
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- 6. Apache Apache 1.3 Pre-forked Model 1 process per request Robust: One crashed process dosen’t affect the others Not as fast as some other possible designs - Really ?? Apache 2.0 Multi-Processing Modules mpm_prefork mpm_worker 26/05/2012 RootConf
- 7. Tuning Apache • MaxClients •StartServers • Avoid thundering effect • MaxRequestsPerChild • Profiling first • AllowOverride • HostnameLookups • TCP Buffering • Compression : mod_deflate/mod_gzip • May cause spike in CPU 26/05/2012 RootConf
- 8. Tuning Apache Contd • KeepAlive • N objects per page • t1 seconds for TCP connection • t2 seconds per object • K seconds timeout • Non-KeepAlive : N * (t1 + t2) • KeepAlive : N * (t2) + t1 + K • For KeepAlive to perform better K < t1 * ( N -1 ) Ref: http://www.slideshare.net/techdude/building-scalable-php-applications 26/05/2012 RootConf
- 9. Tuning Apache Contd… Offload Static Files Apache + PHP not really good at static files Use Nginx or Lighttpd ( or anything else ) 26/05/2012 RootConf
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- 11. PHP Opcode Caching eAccelerator APC Zend_Cache Minimize Includes 1 include: 1 stat and realpath system call Relative paths : too many stat system calls Minimal include_path Reduce logging : prevents disk writes error_reporting = E_COMPILE_ERROR|E_ERROR|E_CORE_ERROR 26/05/2012 RootConf
- 12. PHP Optimization contd… Output Buffering ob_start / ob_flush Compression ZLIB module ob_gzhandler 26/05/2012 RootConf
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- 14. MySQL under thehood 26/05/2012 RootConf
- 15. MySQL Tuning Hardware Config: Typical workloads are Memory/IO Bound Size of working data set Storage Engine: MyISAM vs InnoDB InnoDB works well in most cases, unless you need full text search Cache static data: Memcached Swap Space: Actually made us 26/05/2012 RootConf
- 16. MySQL Tuning Contd… key_buffer_size innodb_buffer_pool_size innodb_log_file_size innodb_log_buffer_size innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit thread_cache query_cache_size Refer: 1) http://dev.mysql.com 2) http://www.mysqlperformanceblog.com/2006/09/29/what-to- tune-in-mysql-server-after-installation/ 26/05/2012 RootConf
- 17. MySQL Tuning contd… Slow Query Logs: 1) Most important 2) Regular Monitoring 3) log_queries_not_using_indexes Analyze Tables periodically Optimize Table Abrupt query behaviors Avoid big deletes Use soft deletes Explain & Percona’s query visualizer 26/05/2012 RootConf
- 18. Tools and Practices 26/05/2012RootConf
- 19. Tools and Practices Profiling: Profile regularly XDebug / Advanced PHP Debugger ( APD ) KCachegrind / Webgrind Instrument Code with Timers Load Testing / Benchmarking Apache Bench ( ab ) httperf JMeter ( personal favorite ) Strong Monitoring and Alerting Store exhaustively, Alert Judiciously Ganglia, Cacti Nagios etc 26/05/2012 RootConf
- 20. Tools & Practices 1) vmstat : Extremely useful for finding bottlenecks 2) iostat : Disk activity, useful for db systems 3) pmap : Process memory dump 4) strace: Analyzing system calls 5) sar : System activity reporter, good for postanalysis 6) netstat : Complete network dump 7) htop : Prefer over top 8) cut / tr : Analyzing Apache Access Logs 26/05/2012 RootConf
- 21. What It shouldn’tbe !! SysAdmins vs Developers 26/05/2012 RootConf
- 22. Personal Rant/Advice Understand what’s happening under the hood 26/05/2012 RootConf
- 23. THANKS ! Capillary islooking for awesome DevAdmins! piyush.goel@capillary.co.in career-tech@capillary.co.in 26/05/2012 RootConf