Operators in C allow programmers to manipulate data and variables. There are several categories of operators including arithmetic, relational, logical, assignment, increment/decrement, conditional, and bitwise operators. Arithmetic operators perform basic math operations like addition and multiplication. Relational operators compare values. Logical operators combine relational expressions. Assignment operators assign values to variables. Increment and decrement operators add or subtract 1 from a variable.

1. OPERATORS IN C

2. WHAT IS OPERATOR?
• C support rich set of built-in operators.
• We have already used several of them, such as + - * & = < etc.
• Operators are used in programs to manipulate data and variables.
• An operator is a symbol that perform certain mathematical or logical
manipulations.
• C operators can be classified into number of categories.

3. TYPES OF OPERATORS
• Arithmetic operators
• Relational operators
• Logical operators
• Assigment operators
• Increment and decrement operators
• Conditional operators
• Bitwise operators
• Special operators

4. ARITHMETIC OPERATORS
• C provides all the basic arithmetic operators.
• Arithmetic operators are
addition(+),Subtraction(),Multiplication(*),Division(/) and Modulo
division(%).
• For example :
a +b a-b
a*b a/b

5. • There are 3 types of arithmetic operator
1.Integer arithmetic(When both operands are single
arithmetic expression) ex: 5 + 5 = 10.
2.Real arithmetic(An arithmetic operation involving
only real operands ) ex : 6.0/7.0=0.857143
3.Mixed-mode arithmetic(When one of the
operands is real and the other is integer) ex: 15/10.0 = 1.5

6. RELATIONAL OPERATORS
• Relational operator compares two quantities depending on their
relation.
• For example : compare the age of two persons,prices of two items
and so on.
• Relational operator : Greater than(>), Greater than or equal to(>=),
Less than(<), Less than or equal to(<=), Equal to(==),Not equal to(!=).
Eg: 10 < 20
a ==b

7. LOGICAL OPERATORS
• Logical operator which combines two or more relational
expressions,is termed as compound logical expression.
• C has the following three logical operator.
&& - Logical AND
|| - Logical OR
! - Logical NOT
For example : if(age>55 && salary<1000)

8. ASSIGNMENT OPERATORS
• Assignment operators are used to assign the result of an expression
to a variable.
= -> Assignment operator
Example : a=5;
• C has a set of ‘Shorthand’ assignment operator.
v op=exp
Example : x += 3;

9. INCREMENT AND DECREMENT OPERATORS
• The increment operator ++ adds 1 to the operand, while the
decrement operator - - subtracts 1 to the operand.
++ - Increment operator
-- - Decrement operator
• We use the increment and decrement statements in for and while
loops.
++m; or m++;
--m; or m--;

10. CONDITIONAL OPERATORS
• A ternary operator pair “?:” is available in c, the conditional expression of
the form
exp1 ? exp2 : exp3
• Where exp1,exp2,exp3 are expressions.
• exp 1 is evaluated first, if it is true then exp 2 is executed.
• If exp 1 is evaluated , it is false then exp3 is executed.
a=10;
b=15;
x=(a>b)?a : b;
• It can be achieved using if…else statements.

11. BITWISE OPERATORS
• C has a distinction of supporting special operators known as bitwise
operator for manipulating of data at bit level.
• These operator are used for testing the bits or shifting them right or
left.
& - bitwise AND
| - bitwise OR
<<- shift left
>>-shift right

12. SPECIAL OPERATORS
• C supports some special operators such as comma operator , sizeof
operator.
• Comma operator : The comma operator used to link the related
expression together.
For example : for(n=1,m=10,n<=m;n++,m++);
• Sizeof operator : Sizeof operator is a compile time operator, it
returns the number of bytes the operand occupies.
For example : m=sizeof(sum);