The document outlines the evolution of operating systems over the last decade, detailing significant updates and features for macOS, iOS, Android OS, and Windows OS. Each section highlights the release dates and key innovations such as improved user interfaces, performance enhancements, and new functionalities. Overall, it illustrates the progression of operating system technology and its impact on user experience.

1. Evolution of Operating Systems Over the Last Decade

2. What Of Operating System
 An operating system (OS) is the software that makes your computer
work.
 Controls Hardware: Manages computer parts like the CPU and
memory.
 Provides Interface: Lets you interact with your computer through a
screen.
 Manages Resources: Shares resources between programs, like
memory and storage.
 Ensures Security: Keeps your computer safe from viruses and
unauthorized access.

3. Evolution of macOS
 OS X Yosemite (Version 10.10)
 Release Date: October 2014
 Continuity: Seamlessly work across Apple devices.
 Spotlight enhancements: Improved search functionality.
 Dark Mode: Reduces eye strain in low-light environments.
 OS X El Capitan (Version 10.11)
 Release Date: September 2015
 Split View: Multitask with two apps side by side.
 Metal graphics technology: Improves graphics performance.
 Performance improvements: Enhances overall system responsiveness.

4. Evolution of macOS
 macOS Sierra (Version 10.12)
 Release Date: September 2016
 Renaming from OS X to macOS
 Siri Integration: Voice-controlled assistant.
 Apple File System (APFS): Modern file system for improved performance.
 iCloud Desktop and Documents: Access desktop and documents across devices.
 macOS High Sierra (Version 10.13)
 Release Date: September 2017
 APFS for Fusion Drives: Benefits of APFS for traditional hard drives.
 External GPU support: Enhanced graphics performance.
 Safari improvements: Better browsing experience.

5. Evolution of macOS
 macOS Mojave (Version 10.14)
 Release Date: September 2018
 Dark Mode: System-wide dark appearance.
 Stacks: Organizes desktop clutter.
 Dynamic Desktop: Wallpaper changes based on time of day.
 Privacy enhancements: Improved security and data protection.
 macOS Catalina (Version 10.15)
 Release Date: October 2019
 Sidecar: Use iPad as a second display.
 Catalyst: Port iPad apps to Mac.
 Project Catalyst: Develop universal apps.
 Security enhancements: Strengthened system

6. Evolution of macOS
 macOS Big Sur (Version 11.0)
 Release Date: November 2020
 Redesigned UI: Modernized user interface.
 Control Center: Quick access to system controls.
 Widgets: Customizable widgets.
 Performance improvements: Enhanced speed and efficiency.
 macOS Monterey (Version 12.0)
 Release Date: October 2021
 Universal Control: Use one keyboard and mouse across devices.
 AirPlay to Mac: Stream content from iOS to Mac.
 Focus mode: Minimize distractions.
 Safari updates: Improved browsing experience

7. Evolution of macOS
 macOS Ventura (Version 13.0)
 Release Date: October 2022
 Stage Manager: Optional window manager.
 Redesigned Settings App.
 Continuity Camera: Use iPhone as a camera.
 No macOS Server support.
 macOS Sonoma (Version 14.0)
 Release Date: September 2023
 Revamp of Widgets.
 Redesigned User Lock Screen.
 Video Wallpaper/Screensaver feature using Apple TV's screen saver videos.

8. Evolution of iOS
 iOS 9
 Release Date: September 2015
 Proactive Assistant: Predictive recommendations.
 Split-Screen Multitasking: Use two apps simultaneously.
 Apple Maps improvements: Enhanced navigation features.
 iOS 10
 Release Date: September 2016
 SiriKit: Integrate Siri into third-party apps.
 App Extensions: Extend app functionality.
 iMessage enhancements: More interactive messaging.

9. Evolution of iOS
 iOS 11
 Release Date: September 2017
 ARKit: Augmented reality experiences.
 Files app: Manage files more effectively.
 Do Not Disturb While Driving: Promotes safer driving habits.
 iOS 12
 Release Date: September 2018
 Screen Time: Manage device usage.
 Grouped Notifications: Organize notifications.
 Memoji: Customizable Animoji.

10. Evolution of iOS
 iOS 13
 Release Date: September 2019
 Dark Mode: System-wide dark appearance.
 Sign in with Apple: Privacy-focused login.
 Photos and Camera improvements: Enhanced editing tools and features.
 iOS 14
 Release Date: September 2020
 App Library: Organize and discover apps.
 Widgets: Customizable home screen widgets.
 App Clips: Discover and use apps without full installation.
 Privacy enhancements: More control over data sharing.

11. Evolution of iOS
 iOS 15
 Release Date: September 2021
 Focus mode: Minimize distractions.
 FaceTime improvements: SharePlay, Spatial Audio.
 Live Text: Recognize and interact with text in photos.
 iOS 16
 Release Date: September 2022
 Redesigned Lock Screen: Customize with widgets for quick access.
 Messages Enhancement: Edit or delete sent messages easily.
 Visual Look Up: Copy subjects from images for easy sharing.

12. Evolution of iOS
 iOS 17
 Release Date: September 2023
 StandBy: Glance at important info while charging.
 Interactive Widgets for quick tasks on Home, Lock, and
StandBy screens.
 Contact Posters: Personalize call screens for a unique touch.
 Live Voicemail: View voicemail transcripts in real-time.
 FaceTime: Leave messages, use hand gestures, and hand
off calls.
 AirDrop: Share contact info and initiate transfers easily.
 AirPlay in Hotels: Stream content to hotel TVs effortlessly.

13. Evolution of Android OS
 Android 6.0 Marshmallow
 Release Date: November 2014
 Doze Mode: Extends battery life.
 App Permissions: Control app permissions.
 Google Now on Tap: Contextual information.
 Android 7.0 Nougat
 Release Date: August 2016
 Multi-Window support: Run two apps side by side.
 Daydream VR: Virtual reality platform.
 Vulkan API: High-performance 3D graphics.

14. Evolution of Android OS
 Android 8.0 Oreo
 Release Date: August 2017
 Picture-in-Picture mode: View video while using other apps.
 Notification Dots: Indicate pending notifications.
 Autofill API: Fill forms automatically.
 Android 9.0 Pie
 Release Date: August 2018
 Digital Wellbeing: Monitor and manage device usage.
 Adaptive Battery: Optimize battery usage.
 Gesture Navigation: Navigate with gestures.

15. Evolution of Android OS
 Android 10 Q
 Release Date: September 2019
 Picture-in-Picture mode: View video while using other apps.
 Notification Dots: Indicate pending notifications.
 Autofill API: Fill forms automatically.
 Android 11 R
 Release Date: September 2020
 Chat Bubbles: Easy access to conversations.
 Screen Recording: Capture screen activity
 Device Controls: Control connected devices

16. Evolution of Android OS
 Android 12 S
 Release Date: October 2021
 Material You design: Personalized UI.
 Privacy Dashboard: Monitor app permissions.
 Performance improvements: Enhanced speed and efficiency.
 Android 13 T
 Release Date: August 2022
 Bluetooth LE Audio: Improved wireless audio.
 Theme Icons: Customize lock screen easily.
 Intuitive Gestures: Smooth navigation.
 Refined Photo Picker: Easy image selection.
 Smart-Home Controls: Accessible from lock screen.
 Spatial Audio: Immersive listening experience.

17. Evolution of Android OS
 Android 14
 Release Date: October 2023
 Seamless Casting Controls: Switch between devices effortlessly.
 Wear OS Transit Directions: Easy navigation on smartwatches.
 Customizable Features: Personalize your Android experience.
 Enhanced Security: Better device and data protection.
 Accessibility Options: Improved inclusivity.
 Improved Photo Quality: Better image capture and editing.

18. Evolution of Windows OS
 Windows 10 (Version 1507)
 Release Date: July 2015
 Cortana: Virtual assistant.
 Microsoft Edge: Web browser.
 Continuum: Seamless transition between tablet and desktop mode.
 Windows 10 Anniversary Update (Version 1607)
 Anniversary Update: Major feature update.
 Windows Ink: Pen input support.
 Bash Shell: Linux command-line tool.

19. Evolution of Windows OS
 Windows 10 Creators Update (Version 1709)
 Release Date: October 2017
 Fall Creators Update: Feature-rich update.
 Fluent Design System: Modern design language.
 Mixed Reality: Virtual and augmented reality experiences.
 Windows 10 October 2018 Update (Version 1809)
 Release Date: October 2018
 Dark Mode for File Explorer
 Cloud Clipboard

20. Evolution of Windows OS
 Windows 11 (Version 21H2)
 Release Date: October 2021
 Redesigned Start Menu and Taskbar
 Snap Layouts and Snap Groups
 Microsoft Teams Integration
 Improved Gaming Experience (Auto HDR, DirectStorage)
 Enhanced Window Management (Snap Assist, Desktops for Every
Monitor)
 Redesigned Microsoft Store
 Enhanced Performance and Security
 Updated Taskbar and System Tray