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Operadores Diferenciales
Si 𝑦 = 𝑓 𝑥 ֜
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥
= 𝐷𝑦 ,
𝑑2𝑦
𝑑𝑥2 = 𝐷2𝑦 , … ,
𝑑𝑛𝑦
𝑑𝑥𝑛 = 𝐷𝑛𝑦
Usando esta notación, la ecuación diferencial lineal
𝑎𝑛𝑦(𝑛) + 𝑎𝑛−1𝑦(𝑛−1) + ⋯ + 𝑎1𝑦′ + 𝑎0𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥)
se puede escribir como:
𝑎𝑛𝐷𝑛𝑦 + 𝑎𝑛−1𝐷𝑛−1𝑦 + ⋯ + 𝑎1𝐷𝑦 + 𝑎0𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥)
(𝑎𝑛𝐷𝑛 + 𝑎𝑛−1𝐷𝑛−1 + ⋯ + 𝑎1𝐷 + 𝑎0)𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥)
A la expresión
𝑃 𝐷 = 𝑎𝑛𝐷𝑛 + 𝑎𝑛−1𝐷𝑛−1 + ⋯ + 𝑎1𝐷 + 𝑎0
Se llama operador diferencial lineal de orden 𝑛.
Operadores Diferenciales
Operador Anulador
Sea 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) una función que tiene al menos 𝑛 derivadas. Si
(𝑎𝑛𝐷𝑛
+ 𝑎𝑛−1𝐷𝑛−1
+ ⋯ + 𝑎1𝐷 + 𝑎0)𝑓(𝑥) = 0
entonces se dice que el operador diferencial
𝑎𝑛𝐷𝑛
+ 𝑎𝑛−1𝐷𝑛−1
+ ⋯ + 𝑎1𝐷 + 𝑎0
anula a 𝑓(𝑥).
Operadores Diferenciales
El operador diferencial 𝐷𝑛 anula a cada una de las funciones
1 , 𝑥 , 𝑥2 , … , 𝑥𝑛−1
El operador diferencial (𝐷 − 𝛼)𝑛
anula a cada una de las funciones
𝑒𝛼𝑥
, 𝑥𝑒𝛼𝑥
, 𝑥2
𝑒𝛼𝑥
, … , 𝑥𝑛−1
𝑒𝛼𝑥
El operador diferencial [𝐷2 − 2𝛼𝐷 + (𝛼2 + 𝛽2)]𝑛 anula a cada una de
las funciones
𝑒𝛼𝑥𝐶𝑜𝑠𝛽𝑥 , 𝑥𝑒𝛼𝑥𝐶𝑜𝑠𝛽𝑥 , 𝑥2𝑒𝛼𝑥𝐶𝑜𝑠𝛽𝑥 , … , 𝑥𝑛−1 𝑒𝛼𝑥𝐶𝑜𝑠𝛽𝑥
𝑒𝛼𝑥𝑆𝑒𝑛𝛽𝑥 , 𝑥𝑒𝛼𝑥𝑆𝑒𝑛𝛽𝑥 , 𝑥2𝑒𝛼𝑥𝑆𝑒𝑛𝛽𝑥 , … , 𝑥𝑛−1 𝑒𝛼𝑥𝑆𝑒𝑛𝛽𝑥

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Operadores diferenciales

  • 1. Operadores Diferenciales Si 𝑦 = 𝑓 𝑥 ֜ 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = 𝐷𝑦 , 𝑑2𝑦 𝑑𝑥2 = 𝐷2𝑦 , … , 𝑑𝑛𝑦 𝑑𝑥𝑛 = 𝐷𝑛𝑦 Usando esta notación, la ecuación diferencial lineal 𝑎𝑛𝑦(𝑛) + 𝑎𝑛−1𝑦(𝑛−1) + ⋯ + 𝑎1𝑦′ + 𝑎0𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥) se puede escribir como: 𝑎𝑛𝐷𝑛𝑦 + 𝑎𝑛−1𝐷𝑛−1𝑦 + ⋯ + 𝑎1𝐷𝑦 + 𝑎0𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥) (𝑎𝑛𝐷𝑛 + 𝑎𝑛−1𝐷𝑛−1 + ⋯ + 𝑎1𝐷 + 𝑎0)𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥) A la expresión 𝑃 𝐷 = 𝑎𝑛𝐷𝑛 + 𝑎𝑛−1𝐷𝑛−1 + ⋯ + 𝑎1𝐷 + 𝑎0 Se llama operador diferencial lineal de orden 𝑛.
  • 2. Operadores Diferenciales Operador Anulador Sea 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) una función que tiene al menos 𝑛 derivadas. Si (𝑎𝑛𝐷𝑛 + 𝑎𝑛−1𝐷𝑛−1 + ⋯ + 𝑎1𝐷 + 𝑎0)𝑓(𝑥) = 0 entonces se dice que el operador diferencial 𝑎𝑛𝐷𝑛 + 𝑎𝑛−1𝐷𝑛−1 + ⋯ + 𝑎1𝐷 + 𝑎0 anula a 𝑓(𝑥).
  • 3. Operadores Diferenciales El operador diferencial 𝐷𝑛 anula a cada una de las funciones 1 , 𝑥 , 𝑥2 , … , 𝑥𝑛−1 El operador diferencial (𝐷 − 𝛼)𝑛 anula a cada una de las funciones 𝑒𝛼𝑥 , 𝑥𝑒𝛼𝑥 , 𝑥2 𝑒𝛼𝑥 , … , 𝑥𝑛−1 𝑒𝛼𝑥 El operador diferencial [𝐷2 − 2𝛼𝐷 + (𝛼2 + 𝛽2)]𝑛 anula a cada una de las funciones 𝑒𝛼𝑥𝐶𝑜𝑠𝛽𝑥 , 𝑥𝑒𝛼𝑥𝐶𝑜𝑠𝛽𝑥 , 𝑥2𝑒𝛼𝑥𝐶𝑜𝑠𝛽𝑥 , … , 𝑥𝑛−1 𝑒𝛼𝑥𝐶𝑜𝑠𝛽𝑥 𝑒𝛼𝑥𝑆𝑒𝑛𝛽𝑥 , 𝑥𝑒𝛼𝑥𝑆𝑒𝑛𝛽𝑥 , 𝑥2𝑒𝛼𝑥𝑆𝑒𝑛𝛽𝑥 , … , 𝑥𝑛−1 𝑒𝛼𝑥𝑆𝑒𝑛𝛽𝑥