Neal Sample discusses eBay's global commerce platform and hybrid cloud strategy. Some key points: - eBay has a large online marketplace with over 200 million listings, generating $62 billion in annual sales. It has over 23 million lines of code and stores 9 petabytes of data. - eBay uses "cloud bursting" to reduce costs by increasing datacenter efficiency. This allows it to offload extra workload to the cloud during peak periods. - The hybrid cloud model lowers costs by direct traffic to the most economical location, either internal datacenters of different tiers or external cloud providers. - A financial model and cost-benefit analysis show that maintaining 4,000 internal servers while bursting to the cloud

1. Neal Sample VP Architecture, Platform Products, Developers Program

2. eBay’s global commerce platform

3. eBay marketplace = economy of scale 9 23 2 2Bpage views/day 23Mlines of code 9Petabytesof data storage 94 200 $62 94M active users 200Mlive listings $62B2010 gross merchandise volume 6,000 75 6,000 application servers 75B database calls/day Commercial data warehouse 100x larger than Library of Congress

4. Cloud bursting: ↓ costs by ↑ efficiency 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 Fixed Cost Datacenter efficiency Cloud Burst Energy-proportional computing Excess Capacity Ideal Remove the peaks Request for Data Current Traffic text text text text text text text text Timeline

5. Datacenter efficiency TIER II 2(N+1) TIER IV N+1 Datacenter tier = level of redundancy Blend of Tier IV & Tier II Minimum 30% reduction in OpEx cost per MW enables cost effective operations/expansion. 50% reduction in CapEx for new lower-tier datacenters (Tier IV vs. Tier II) Burst Capacity (DC and Cloud)

6. Energy-proportional computing Traffic KWh cost / incentives / forecasts Meta Scheduler BMS metrics SLA Models Utilization (headroom) Availability Cloud Bursting SLC PHX (Tier 4) PHX (Tier2) Direct traffic to the most economical location / optimize placement within DC

7. Financial model structure Hourly demand(in average TPS) Hourly demand(in average TPS) Historical (from ODW) or predicted Historical (from ODW) or predicted Define a standard CU Define a standard CU Hourly computing units (CU) required Max TPS per CU Hourly computing units (CU) required Max TPS per CU Based on server inventoryand growth forecast Based on server inventoryand growth forecast Hourly CUs neededin external cloud Number of CU in internal cloud Hourly CUs neededin external cloud Number of CU in internal cloud Negotiated price with public cloud vendor Negotiated price with public cloud vendor Hourly cost of CUin external cloud Hourly total cost Hourly cost of CU in internal cloud Hourly cost of CUin external cloud Hourly total cost Hourly cost of CU in internal cloud HW/SW lease, networking, space, power, laborPredict future costs trends HW/SW lease, networking, space, power, laborPredict future costs trends Sum cost over period Sum cost over period Evaluate tradeoffs by varying size of internal cloud, and costs Evaluate tradeoffs by varying size of internal cloud, and costs

8. Cost components Datacenter People Total cost per CU/h : $1.07

9. TSP ↑ = more attractive options for cloud bursts All self operated CUs TPS and FE Compute Units (CU) 24-Month Projects Load served by external cloud Historical TPS hourly data from ODW CU decreasing by Lease expiration Load served by self operated CU

10. Cost-benefit analysis DC CUs Impact on Project Annual Cost 9/2010 – 8/2011 DC CU Hr Cost = 1.07, 30 TPS per CU 60,000,000 Cloud cost ($/hour) Total Cost ($) 0.5 0.8 1 40,000,000 1.1 1.2 1.5 2 3 4 20,000,000 0 DCs $20M 0 DCs $30M 3K DCs $40M 3.5K DCs $45M 4K DCs $47M 4.8K DCs $52M 5K DCs $55M 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 DC CUs

12. Customer experience

13. Reliability

14. Security

15. Etc.Business Intelligence Increased Focus Infrastructureas Commodity Infrastructureas Commodity LowerCost

16. Financial Cost Model for the Hybrid Cloud