This document provides an overview of open source software. It defines open source as software where the source code is publicly available and can be modified and shared by anyone. The open source movement began in the 1980s with free software and the term open source was coined in 1998. Open source uses various licenses to grant users freedom to use, modify, and share software. It offers advantages like lower costs, transparency, and collaborative development but also challenges in business models and quality assurance. Common development tools include version control and mailing lists while popular open source products include Linux, Firefox, and Android.

2. 1. What is Open Source Software?
2. The Definition of Open Source
3. The History of Open Source
4. The Open Source Development Philosophy
5. Open Source Licensing
6. Open Source Vs. Proprietary Software
7. Open Source Vs. Free Software
8. Pros and Cons
9. Development Tools
10. Common and Widely Used Software
11. Open Source Funding
12. Conclusion
13. References

4. The Definition of Open Source
• The Open Source Initiative was formed in
1998, where the definition was formed.
• The Open Source Definition is used by OSI to
decide whether a license is considered open
source
• This definition is based on the Debian Free
Software Guidelines
• Describes a broad type of software license
• Makes software source code available to the
general public without restriction

5. • 1983: Free Software Movement launched
• 1998: term free software replaced by open source software
• Open Source label came out on April 7, 1998 in Palo Alto in lieu of
Netscape’s 1998 announcement of source code release for Navigator
(Mozilla)
• Individuals included Tim O’Reilly, Linus Torvalds (creator of Linux), Tom
Paquin, Jamie Zawinski, etc.
• Created for software developers that want to publish their software with
an open source software that anybody can develop the same software.
Generally everyone is allowed to modify it.
• Policy based reasons for adoption include:
Security, Affordability, Transparency, Perpetuity, Interoperability, Localiza
tion
• The most prominent licenses that have qualified include the GNU
General Public License, which “allows free distribution under the
condition that further developments and applications are put under the
same license”.

8. Open Source Vs. Free Software
• Richard Stallman says: “Open Source is
development methodology; free software is a
social movement”
• Term open source confuses the availability of
the source with the freedom of
use/modify/redistribute
• Open Source is used only to describe software
licensed under OSI
• Open Source and Free Software are different
terms for software with different rights and
freedoms.

9. Pros and Cons
• Main advantage is that open source is a good way to achieve
greater market penetration, gaining competitive advantage
• Builds developer loyalty
• Less costs of marketing and logistical services
• Good tool to promote company’s image
• In retrospect, With OSS, no trademark exists.
• May not be well defined, testing and documentation may be
ignored
• Not all have been successful
• Difficult to design a commercially sound business model around
open source paradigm.
• Only technical requirements may be satisfied, not market.
• Hackers may be allowed to know weaknesses or loopholes more
easily than closed-source.

10. Development Tools
• Revision control systems are tools that help
centrally manage the source code files and
changes.
• Mailing Lists provide communication
• Tools to automate testing, compiling, bug
reporting preserve stability.

11. Common Open Source Products
• Apache HTTP Server
• OsCommerce
• Mozilla Firefox
• Linux Operating System
• Android
• VoIP with Asterisk

13. Conclusion
• Open source is a wonderful alternative to
Proprietary/Closed-Source
• Free
• Malleable
• Shareable
• Ever changing!!

14. References
1. http://images4.fanpop.com/image/photos/17500000/cool-background-random-17506456-1869-1168.jpg
2. http://images4.fanpop.com/image/photos/17500000/cool-backgrounds-random-17514354-1024-640.jpg
3. http://th00.deviantart.net/fs19/PRE/f/2007/288/2/0/cool_background_15_by_BLOO1995.jpg
4. http://garcya.us/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/cool-background_011.jpg
5. http://www.webdesignhot.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/ComputerMouseVectorIllustrations.jpg
6. http://www.multiwp.com/wp-content/uploads/lpt.jpg
7. http://www.forbes.com/sites/wenjiazhao/2012/07/06/beliefs-and-misbeliefs-on-open-source-software/ (BELIEFS AND
MISBELIEFS ABOUT OPEN SOURCE)
8. http://www.oss-institute.org/
9. Payne, Christian (February 2002). "On the Security of Open Source Software". Info Systems Journal 12 (1): 61–78.
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2575.2002.00118.x.
10. http://sourceforge.net/
11. http://www.scilab.org/ (SCILAB)
12. http://news.cnet.com/Homeland-Security-helps-secure-open-source-code/2100-1002_3-6025579.html (HOMELAND
SECURITY HELPS SECURE OPEN SOURCE CODE)
13. HTTP://OPENSOURCE.ORG
14. http://opensource.org/node/163 (WILL THE REAL OPEN SOURCE CRM PLEASE STAND UP)
15. http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,1566726,00.asp (IS OPEN SOURCE REALLY SAFER?)
16. Muffatto, Moreno (2006). Open Source: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Imperial College Press. ISBN 1-86094-665-8.
17. http://news.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=1129863&cid=26875815 (HOW MANY OPEN SOURCE LICENSES DO YOU
NEED?)
18. The Open Source Definition by Bruce Perens. January 1999. ISBN 1-56592-582-3.
19. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/7561943.stm (LEGAL MILESTONE FOR OPEN SOURCE)
20. http://www.cin.ufpe.br/~in953/lectures/papers/ISJAFrameworkForCreatingHybrid-
OpenSourceSoftwareCommunities.pdf
21. http://www.wired.com/software/coolapps/news/2004/12/66022 (LINUX: FEWER BUGS THAN RIVALS)
22. Sea Wolf – The Violet Hour
23. Circa Survive – Think of Me When They Sound