This document provides an introduction to open source technology. It defines open source software as software with available source code that allows users to modify and improve it, in contrast to proprietary software where the source code is not available. Examples of open source software include Linux, Firefox, and OpenOffice, while proprietary software examples include Windows and Microsoft Office. The document then discusses the history of open source software and lists some benefits like free availability and customizability as well as drawbacks like a steeper learning curve. It concludes by discussing Nepal's current status with open source and possibilities for its future use.

1. Open Source Technology
A brief introduction
By
 Resham Acharya
 M Sc IT III semester Fall 2014
 LBEF, SMU DE Roll No 13308097362

2. What is Open Source

3. vs. Open Source
Software
 Proprietary Software:
Have to pay the software if want to use
Eg. Microsoft Office, Photoshop, Windows 7
Open Source Software:
 Free to use
 Provides the original source code of software so that
advanced users can modify it to make work better for them.
 Example: Linus, Mozill Firefox 3.0 , OpenOffice.Org

4. Proprietary
vs. Open Source Software
OPEN SOURCE PROPRIETARY
Linux,Ubuntu, Open Office Microsoft windows, word, Pumori
Purchased with source code Purchased with out source code
User can modify software User can not modify software.
Free of Charge Must pay to use.
Can install freely License required
No one is responsible for support Full support from vendor if any
problem occurs.

5. Free vs.Open Source
Software
FREE SOFTWARES OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARES
• Freedom to run program for any
purpose
• Freedom to study about program
• Freedom to distribute copes of
software.
• Freedom to modify/improve
program and release
improvements to public
• It has distribution of License.
• Availability of Source Code.
• Free Distribution
• Integrity of Authors Source Code.

6. Some Examples..
Category Propretary Open Source
Operating System Windows 7 Rad Hat Linux
Office Packages Microsoft Office OpenOffice
Desktop Publichation Adobe Pagemaker Scribus
Email Microsoft Outlook Thurnderbird
Database SQL Server PostGreSQL, MySQL

7. History of Open Source..
 1960-70-Software Sharing culture is US Culture
 1976- Bill Gates’ “Open Letter to Hobbyists” advocating that software should be paid for
including royalties.
 Early 80s LISP programming language taken by MIS to dismay of hackers.
 January 1984- Richard Stallman quit job at MIT and started to wrok on GNU , a set of
programming tools.
 1986-Free Software Foundation was born.
 1990-Bringing ‘Free software to the corporate world with Cygnus.
 1991- Linus Torvalds distributed Unix like Kernal and encouraged everyone, Kernal was
leter names “ Linux”
 1992- Xfree86 was born, started to develop linux for desktop level
 1993- Debina and Slackware as implementations of GNU/Linus ware born.

8. History..
 1994-Apache , popular webserver was borned.
 1995- Red hast was born.
 1997-GNU/Linus grabbed 25% of server market.
 1997-GNOME desktop manager was born.
 1998- Netscape released open source of its browser.
 1998- the term :Open Source’ was coined.
 1999-Rat Hast was transformed into corporation. Linux” started not to charge
for its software but for support services.

9. Benefits & Drawbacks
Benefits:
 Availability of Source Code.
 Product does not depend on vendor.
 Customization and Control make easy.
Drawbacks:
Not Generally straight forward to use.
Require training to operate it.
Incompatibility Issue during installation/operation
Software quality assurance process is not widely transparent.
No financial Incentive

10. Benefits of FOSS
 Economy and affordability.
 No license and maintenance fee.
 Stability and Security
 Data integrity – No Viruses.
 Open Standard, interoperability, portability.
 Can be converted /localized easily.
 User Freedoms-Freedom to use , study, modify
particular software.

11. Our Status
 Nepali users are using on pirated illegal copies of software.
 They prefer to use free software.
 Initiated by FOSS Nepal Community initiated by few people in 2005.
 Nepal Open Source Klub was organized in 2008.
 Some products like Nepalinux, ubatunepal, Chitwanix are introducted by some
organizations.
 Software freedom day 2005 , turn out to be turning point for open source.
 Most ISP are using open source tool like linux, MySQL PHP, Apache.
 Some educational institute initiated Foss Community and trying to aware Nepali people.
 So our status is on initial state.

12. Possibility
 Open source communities and Young
professionals.
 Communal wifi
 Educational Institutes.
 Governmental organization/eGovermance.
 Development of IT industry in Nepal
 Development of Nepal

13. Any Queries ?
 “Use Open Source, Promote Open Source”.
 “Lets build eNepal”
Thank you !