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Open Access in Sweden 
and the programme OpenAccess.se 
Ulf Kronman 
Coordinator of OpenAccess.se 
The National Library of Sweden 
Taylor & Francis workshop, Brussels 2014-06-17
The National Library of Sweden 
A tripod of duties 
• Preservation of the Swedish cultural 
heritage 
– 1661 – print materials 
– 1979 – sound and moving images 
– 2013 – electronic publications 
• Research library for the humanities 
• Coordination of Swedish research 
libraries and public libraries 
– BIBSAM licensing consortium 
– OpenAccess.se
The programme OpenAccess.se 
Mission 
Promote free access to works by Swedish 
researchers, teachers and students 
Organisation 
Expert group for open access and scientific 
publication management 
– Representatives from the Swedish Research 
Council and Swedish universities
OpenAccess.se – activities and goals 
• Web site openaccess.se, blog 
openaccess.kb.se and mailing list 
• Yearly conference: 
Meeting Place Open Access 
• Publication database SwePub 
– 650 000 Swedish publications 
• Support for open access mandates 
– Funders and universities 
• Part of EU project OpenAIRE 
• A national policy on open access
Swedish research funding agencies 
with open access mandates 
Government funding councils 
• The Swedish Research Council, 2010 
• Formas, 2010 
– Sustainable development 
• Forte, 2011 
– Working Life and Social Research 
Foundations 
• Riksbankens Jubileumsfond, 2010 
– Social Science and Humanities 
• Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2010 
– Technical, natural sciences and biomedical fields 
• The Foundation for Baltic and East European Studies, 2011
Swedish National Open Access Coordination 
• New Swedish research bill 2013-2016 
• Swedish Research Council to develop 
national guidelines for "free access to 
scientific information" 
– Result to be delivered by end of 2014 
• Swedish Research Council contact point 
with EU regarding open access 
• National Library to support the 
Research Council on open access
Commissions from the Swedish government 
regarding open access in 2013/2014 
The Swedish Research Council shall develop 
national guidelines for free access to scientific 
information (Open Access). The Swedish 
Research Council shall cooperate with the 
National Library of Sweden and other relevant 
actors. 
The National Library of Sweden shall support 
the Swedish Research Council in its commission 
to develop national guidelines for free access to 
scientific information (Open Access), especially 
regarding free access to research results.
Aligning Swedish OA policy with Horizon 2020? 
• Deposit in repository 
– deposit the published version or final 
peer-reviewed manuscript in a 
repository on the date of publication 
• Ensure open access via the 
repository 
– on publication, if an electronic version 
is available for free via the publisher 
– within 6 months for manuscripts 
– within 12 months for manuscripts in 
social sciences and humanities 
"The beneficiary 
must ensure open 
access (free of 
charge, online access 
for any user) to all 
peer-reviewed 
scientific publications 
relating to its results"
Why does EC mandate OA in Horizon 2020? 
• Economic return on a 80 billion € investment! 
• Free publications – a basis for future research 
– Meta research studies using text mining and 
statistics 
– Education, translations, adaptions … 
• Research results are driving today’s economy 
– Research is the industry of the knowledge society 
– Companies need research results for 
development of services and products
Open Access: Goals – problems – solutions 
Goals 
• Free dissemination of per-reviewed scholarly information 
• A system for merits based on publications 
Problems 
• A journal economy based on locking in scholarly information 
• A merit system based on journal title prestige 
Solutions 
• Reverse the publication economy from article products to 
peer-review services 
• Judge publications by their own merits – not by the journal 
title – create a post-publication merit system
From product to service – from reader to author 
• Subscription based journals 
– Selling a product = toll access articles 
– Business idea based on a selection to readers 
• Open access journals 
– Selling a service = certification (peer review) 
– Business idea based on a service to authors 
• Paper-based journal model mixes services to 
readers and authors 
• Internet-based article model can separate the 
services
Mega-journals: 
Free the article from the fetters of the journal! 
• Peer-review service to the author 
disconnected from selection service to 
the reader 
• A growing list: 
– PLoS ONE 
– PeerJ, F1000 Research 
– BMJ Open, IEEE Access 
– SAGE Open, Springer Plus, Scientific 
World Journal (Hindawi) 
– Scientific Reports (Nature), Science 
Advances (Science), Royal Society 
Open Science
Thanks for your 
attention 
Questions? 
Discussion! 
Web: openaccess.se 
Blog: openaccess.kb.se 
E-mail: ulf.kronman [at] kb.se 
Twitter: @UlfKronman

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Open Access in Sweden and the programme OpenAccess.se

  • 1. Open Access in Sweden and the programme OpenAccess.se Ulf Kronman Coordinator of OpenAccess.se The National Library of Sweden Taylor & Francis workshop, Brussels 2014-06-17
  • 2. The National Library of Sweden A tripod of duties • Preservation of the Swedish cultural heritage – 1661 – print materials – 1979 – sound and moving images – 2013 – electronic publications • Research library for the humanities • Coordination of Swedish research libraries and public libraries – BIBSAM licensing consortium – OpenAccess.se
  • 3. The programme OpenAccess.se Mission Promote free access to works by Swedish researchers, teachers and students Organisation Expert group for open access and scientific publication management – Representatives from the Swedish Research Council and Swedish universities
  • 4. OpenAccess.se – activities and goals • Web site openaccess.se, blog openaccess.kb.se and mailing list • Yearly conference: Meeting Place Open Access • Publication database SwePub – 650 000 Swedish publications • Support for open access mandates – Funders and universities • Part of EU project OpenAIRE • A national policy on open access
  • 5. Swedish research funding agencies with open access mandates Government funding councils • The Swedish Research Council, 2010 • Formas, 2010 – Sustainable development • Forte, 2011 – Working Life and Social Research Foundations • Riksbankens Jubileumsfond, 2010 – Social Science and Humanities • Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2010 – Technical, natural sciences and biomedical fields • The Foundation for Baltic and East European Studies, 2011
  • 6. Swedish National Open Access Coordination • New Swedish research bill 2013-2016 • Swedish Research Council to develop national guidelines for "free access to scientific information" – Result to be delivered by end of 2014 • Swedish Research Council contact point with EU regarding open access • National Library to support the Research Council on open access
  • 7. Commissions from the Swedish government regarding open access in 2013/2014 The Swedish Research Council shall develop national guidelines for free access to scientific information (Open Access). The Swedish Research Council shall cooperate with the National Library of Sweden and other relevant actors. The National Library of Sweden shall support the Swedish Research Council in its commission to develop national guidelines for free access to scientific information (Open Access), especially regarding free access to research results.
  • 8. Aligning Swedish OA policy with Horizon 2020? • Deposit in repository – deposit the published version or final peer-reviewed manuscript in a repository on the date of publication • Ensure open access via the repository – on publication, if an electronic version is available for free via the publisher – within 6 months for manuscripts – within 12 months for manuscripts in social sciences and humanities "The beneficiary must ensure open access (free of charge, online access for any user) to all peer-reviewed scientific publications relating to its results"
  • 9. Why does EC mandate OA in Horizon 2020? • Economic return on a 80 billion € investment! • Free publications – a basis for future research – Meta research studies using text mining and statistics – Education, translations, adaptions … • Research results are driving today’s economy – Research is the industry of the knowledge society – Companies need research results for development of services and products
  • 10. Open Access: Goals – problems – solutions Goals • Free dissemination of per-reviewed scholarly information • A system for merits based on publications Problems • A journal economy based on locking in scholarly information • A merit system based on journal title prestige Solutions • Reverse the publication economy from article products to peer-review services • Judge publications by their own merits – not by the journal title – create a post-publication merit system
  • 11. From product to service – from reader to author • Subscription based journals – Selling a product = toll access articles – Business idea based on a selection to readers • Open access journals – Selling a service = certification (peer review) – Business idea based on a service to authors • Paper-based journal model mixes services to readers and authors • Internet-based article model can separate the services
  • 12. Mega-journals: Free the article from the fetters of the journal! • Peer-review service to the author disconnected from selection service to the reader • A growing list: – PLoS ONE – PeerJ, F1000 Research – BMJ Open, IEEE Access – SAGE Open, Springer Plus, Scientific World Journal (Hindawi) – Scientific Reports (Nature), Science Advances (Science), Royal Society Open Science
  • 13. Thanks for your attention Questions? Discussion! Web: openaccess.se Blog: openaccess.kb.se E-mail: ulf.kronman [at] kb.se Twitter: @UlfKronman

Editor's Notes

  1. 15 min we’d like you to touch on OA within Sweden and developments, but also to reflect on the twin themes of research impact (relating to scientific authority) and public engagement in your talk. We’ve allocated 15 minutes to you to facilitate discussion and debate amongst the floor, in the breaks, and so on; your contribution here too will be invaluable. We’re finding that often OA goes hand in hand with a wider agenda around disseminating information to a wider audience than the (traditional) academic readership research may have reached; additionally, a lot of funders (especially here in the UK) are keen for their funded research outputs to have a socio-economic impact, that is to say to act as an economic stimulus, improve quality of life, and so on. So, it would be very interesting to hear whether the same viewpoint exists in Sweden at the moment. Please do comment on the tensions in Sweden as you’ve suggested as well.
  2. Uffe 1. Preserve cultural heritage 2. Research library makes use of collected material 3. National library authority Coordination of public libraries since 2011 BIBSAM coordination of research libraries 1988 This is where the programme OpenAccess.se fits in
  3. Uffe Project 2006-2010 Permanent programme from 2010 Now part of an expert area for the coordination of open access and scientific publication management at the National Library
  4. Uffe A yearly conference – Mötesplats Open Access. Next time in Växjö 1-2 April 2014. Web site openaccess.se and blog openaccess.kb.se The national scholarly publication catalogue SwePub – covers publications from Swedish HEI's Seminars and information to researchers and research administrators NOAD in the EU project OpenAIRE Support for Open Access mandates from research funders and HEI's Primary goal: A Swedish national policy on open access
  5. The year OA mandate adopted indicated for each funder
  6. Uffe A new Swedish research bill for 2013-2016 The Swedish Research Council commissioned by the Swedish government to develop national guidelines for "free access to scientific information" First result of coordination is planned to be delivered by the end of this year Swedish Research Council acts as national contact point towards EU regarding open access The National Library commissioned to support the Research Council on open access coordination
  7. Uffe The commissions from the Swedish government to SRC and NLS - translated
  8. 79 billion € EU frame programme 2014-2020
  9. Member states are encouraged to adopt national OA policies
  10. What happens with the business models? Toll access is a “productification” of the services peer-review, selection, copy-editing, and dissimination. From a researcher’s perspective, the APC model is a change from ”invisible” subscription cost (paid by the library) to costs that the researches are facing and need to form an opinion about.
  11. Uffe "The conclusion of this line of thought will be that a healthy publication marked cannot be created as long as we are dependent on prestigious titles and niched journals giving services to readers. We have to move beyond journal publishing and free the article from the fetters of the journal to get a sound scholarly publishing market. Open access publishing is a first important step on this path, but only a first step. To get further towards a healthy publishing market with proper price elasticity for the review service, the service to the author has to be disconnected from the service to the reader and the related journal title. Only when articles are reviewed and published in their own right can we get a market where the costs of APC’s can be valued against the quality of the peer review service given by the publisher."