Open access and education to achieve sdg

‫أ‬
.
‫د‬
/
‫الغفار‬ ‫عبد‬ ‫رفعت‬ ‫أحود‬
‫الوجتوع‬ ‫طب‬ ‫قسن‬
-
‫الطب‬ ‫كلية‬
-
‫السقازيق‬ ‫جاهعة‬
‫السقازيق‬ ‫جاهعة‬ ‫الوجتوع‬ ‫طب‬ ‫لقسن‬ ‫السنوي‬ ‫الوؤتور‬
30/29
-
‫هارش‬
2017
‫م‬
‫التعلٌـــــم‬ ‫و‬ ‫النــشــر‬
"
‫الوصــــول‬ ‫متاح‬
"
‫التنمٌة‬ ‫أهداف‬ ‫لتحقٌق‬ ‫كأداة‬
‫المســـتدامة‬
:
‫المصرٌة‬ ‫بالجامعات‬ ‫الراهن‬ ‫الوضع‬
1 www.SlideShare.net/AhmedRefat

Open Access
Publishing and
Education as aTool
to Achieve SDGs:
Current Situation ofThe
Egyptian Universities
Prof. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
Community Med. Dept. ZU

Sustainable Development Goals
SDGs- 2030
 The SDGs is a plan of action for
People, Planet and
Profit.

SDGs
5
 On 25 September 2015, the 194 countries of
the UN General Assembly
 adopted the 2030 Development Agenda
titled Transforming our world: the 2030
Agenda for Sustainable Development
(SDGs)
 The agenda of the SDGs is a set of 17
aspirational "Global Goals" with 169
targets .
www.SlideShare.net/AhmedRefat

6
Three Pillars of Sustainable
Development
All three pillars of sustainable
development – economic
development, social inclusion
and environmental protection
– need education , training
and research as key
catalysts.

Higher Education Roles in SDGs
As education, training and
research are among the main
functions of higher education ,the
universities are being called to lead
the sustainability transformation ,
and to prepare leaders of the
future.

SDGs and Education
 The SDGs are not independent from
each other – they need to be
implemented in an integrated manner.
 Lessons from history in the
development of countries and societies
has shown that education is central
to achieving these goals.

9
 Creating knowledge and
understanding through science equips
us to find solutions to today‟s acute
economic, social and environmental
challenges and to achieving
sustainable development .
 http://en.unesco.org/themes/science-sustainable-future
Science for Sustainable Future is a Main
Current Theme of UNESCO

Scientific Knowledge Must Be
Accessible & Open
10
The progress of scientific
knowledge in any field depends on
retrieval and accessibility of
relevant literature and in this
regard archiving and access of
OA literature plays a major role.
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3978960/

12
G#4 Education
“Ensure inclusive and
equitable quality education
and promote lifelong
learning opportunities for
all”

EDUCATION PREVENTS
INEQUALITY & INJUSTICE

14
Achievement
of SDGs is
driven by
education !!!!
(Goal # 4).

Education , LLL & OA at the heart of
SDGs
15
* Life Long Learning and
* Open Access,
are recommended as key
tools to achieve SDGs
By Three Recent Global Forums

Education & OA at the heart of three
Global Forums
16
 1- World Education Forum ,
Incheon, Korea: (UNESCO -May 2015)
 2- WORLD SUMMIT ON THE
INFORMATION SOCIETY FORUM
 Geneva : ( ITU ,May 2016)
 3- 9th Global Conference on Health
Promotion,
Shanghai : (W.H.O Nov. 2016)

1- UNESCO &
Education

18
We will focus our efforts on
access, equity and inclusion,
quality and learning outcomes,
within a lifelong learning
approach.
 Joyce L. Ogburn (2011)
Lifelong learning requires lifelong access
 College & Research Libraries News. vol. 72 no. 9: 514-515

2- WORLD SUMMIT ON THE
INFORMATION SOCIETY
FORUM (WSIS)
Geneva, 03 May 2016
19
 ITU is the United Nations specialized agency for information and
communication technologies – ICTs.
http://www.itu.int/net4/wsis/forum/2016/Agenda/Webcast/Archive

WSIS-2016
20
 “Science, Technology and
Innovation is essential for
achieving SDG2030 and Open
Access and Open Data will be
the enabler”
Dr. Indrajit Banerjee, UNESCO

3-W.H.O
Nov. 2016

3 Pillars of Health Promotion

Health literacy empowers
individual citizens.
Health literacy is founded
on inclusive and equitable
access to quality education
and life-long learning.

Health Literacy must be
an integral part of the
skills, and competencies
developed over a
lifetime, through the
learning curriculum.

WE recognize
health literacy as a
critical determinant
of health.

26
G#4 Education
“Ensure inclusive and
equitable quality education
and promote lifelong
learning opportunities for
all”

SDG 16.10
 The target, SDG16.10, states plainly that
all countries guarantee to:
“ensure public access to
information and protect
fundamental freedoms,
in accordance with national
legislation and international
agreements.”

Panton Principles
for Open Data in Science
28
Science is based on
building on, reusing and
openly criticising the
published body of
scientific knowledge.
 (http://opendefinition.org/).www.SlideShare.net/AhmedRefat

29
For science to effectively
function, and for society to
harvest the full benefits from
scientific endeavours, it is
crucial that science data be
made [open] !!!!!
(http://opendefinition.org/).
Panton Principles
for Open Data in Science

Origin of OA Concept
31
“Open Access”
term was coined in 2002
as part of the
Budapest Open Access
Initiative*
( BOAI )
www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org

Basic Idea of OA
32
“Making Science
Outputs available
online without price
barriers and without
most permission
barriers."

Information and Research
Gap
33
The developing countries have faced a
two-fold gap :
• The inability to afford subscriptions to
journals ( N – S gap)
• The inability to integrate national
research into the global knowledge pool
(S - N and S – S gaps).

34
Open Access is the free,
immediate, online availability of
research articles coupled with
the rights to use these articles
fully in the digital environment.
Open Access ensures that
anyone, anywhere, can access
and use these results.

Origin of OA Concept
35
OA making
published research freely
available to anyone with an internet
connection rather than keeping
those results hidden behind a
subscription paywall or
permission barriers

Open Access VS Free Access
36
“Free access' or „Public access”
means : the free-to-view right ,
but restricted re-use rights..
Open Access = Free to view plus
Full reuse rights for everyone
( 5 R s )

 www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org

Under OA Policy the Users are freely to:
37
1. Retain -
2. Reuse -
3. Revise -
4. Remix -
5. Redistribute -

Open Content Permissions Rights
38
Retain – ( download, duplicate, store, and
manage)
Reuse – ( in a class, in a study group, on a
website, in a video)
Revise - ( adapt, adjust, modify, translate )
Remix – ( combine the content with other
material to create a new one )
Redistribute – (share with others
or a copy of the content to a friend)

39
Authors’ right in
the OA Journals
(Gold Route)

Authors’ right in a Gold OA Journals
40
 For the papers that published in a
Gold OA journal ,the authors retain
copyright under the use of
a Creative Commons License
(CC-BY) .
 Publications can be reused as long as
the original author is correctly
attributed.

History of Open Access
41
 1990s Access to the WWW and online
publishing becomes the norm.
 1991 The first OA subject directory (arXive).
 1998 The JMIR was created .
 2001 The CC initiative is founded.
 2002 The key OA statement at Budapest.
 2003 DOAJ is founded
 2005 OA policies start to be adopted.

42
Budapest Open
Access Initiative
BOAI-2002
BOAI
www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/

‫الحر‬ ‫الوصول‬

ً‫العلم‬ ‫اإلنتاج‬ ‫ٌكون‬ ‫أن‬ ‫هو‬
‫اإلنترنت‬ ‫على‬ ً‫ا‬‫متاح‬
‫أي‬ ‫ٌستطٌع‬ ‫بحٌث‬
‫فرد‬
‫الكاملة‬ ‫النصوص‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫الوصول‬
‫وٌمكنه‬ ،‫المحكمة‬ ‫العلمٌة‬ ‫للبحوث‬
،‫قراءتها‬
‫أو‬
‫البحث‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫طباعتها‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫توزٌعها‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫نسخها‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫تنزٌلها‬
‫تمرٌر‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫فهرستها‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫إلٌها‬ ‫الوصول‬ ‫روابط‬ ‫وضع‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫فٌها‬
‫ها‬
–
‫كبٌانات‬
-
‫مشروع‬ ‫غرض‬ ‫ألي‬ ‫استخدامها‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫البرمجٌات‬ ‫عبر‬
‫من‬ ،
‫فنٌة‬ ‫عقبات‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫قانونٌة‬ ‫قٌود‬ ‫أو‬ ،‫مالٌة‬ ‫رسوم‬ ‫غٌر‬
‫األصلٌة‬ ‫القٌود‬ ‫بخالف‬
‫نفسها‬ ‫اإلنترنت‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫بالوصول‬ ‫المتعلقة‬ ‫العادٌة‬
.
‫الوحٌد‬ ‫والقٌد‬
‫التوزٌع‬ ‫أو‬ ‫الطباعة‬ ‫إعادة‬ ‫على‬
ً‫ف‬ ً‫ال‬‫متمث‬ ‫الفكرٌة‬ ‫الملكٌة‬ ‫حقوق‬ ‫احترام‬ ‫هو‬
ً‫العلم‬ ‫الضبط‬ ‫مراعاة‬
‫واالستشهاد‬ ‫المرجعٌة‬ ‫لإلحاالت‬
.


‫ان‬
،‫والمكتبات‬ ،‫والجامعات‬ ،‫الحكومات‬ ‫ندعو‬ ‫نا‬
،‫والمؤسسات‬ ،‫والناشرٌن‬ ،‫المجالت‬ ‫ومحرري‬
‫وأفراد‬ ،‫المهنٌة‬ ‫والجمعٌات‬ ،‫العلمٌة‬ ‫والجمعٌات‬
،‫الباحثٌن‬
،‫رؤٌتنا‬ ‫ٌشاركوننا‬ ‫الذٌن‬
‫ندعوهم‬
‫إلزالة‬ ‫المهمة‬ ‫هذه‬ ً‫ف‬ ‫إلٌنا‬ ‫لالنضمام‬
‫ٌكون‬ ‫مستقبل‬ ‫وبناء‬ ،‫الحر‬ ‫الوصول‬ ‫عوائق‬
‫فٌه‬
ً‫حرٌة‬ ‫أكثر‬ ‫العالم‬ ‫من‬ ‫بقعة‬ ‫كل‬ ً‫ف‬ ‫والتعلٌم‬ ‫البحث‬
ً‫ا‬‫وازدهار‬
.

14
‫فبراٌر‬
2002

،‫المحكمة‬ ‫المجالت‬ ً‫ف‬ ً‫العلم‬ ‫لإلنتاج‬ ‫الحر‬ ‫الوصول‬ ‫ولتحقٌق‬
‫التالٌتٌن‬ ‫التكمٌلٌتٌن‬ ‫باالستراتٌجٌتٌن‬ ً‫نوص‬ ‫فإننا‬
:
ً‫ال‬‫أو‬
:
‫الذاتٌة‬ ‫األرشفة‬
:
‫والمساعدة‬ ‫األدوات‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫العلماء‬ ‫ٌحتاج‬
‫أرشٌف‬ ً‫ف‬ ‫المحكمة‬ ‫العلمٌة‬ ‫مقاالتهم‬ ‫إٌداع‬ ‫من‬ ‫تمكنهم‬ ً‫الت‬
‫مفتوح‬ ً‫إلكترون‬
”-
‫ا‬
‫الذاتٌة‬ ‫ألرشفة‬
”
((
‫األخضر‬ ‫المعبر‬
))
ً‫ا‬ٌ‫ثان‬
:
‫الحر‬ ‫الوصول‬ ‫مجالت‬
:
‫العلماء‬ ‫ٌحتاج‬
‫إطالق‬ ‫وسائل‬ ‫إلى‬
‫ومساعدة‬ ،‫الحر‬ ‫بالوصول‬ ‫الملتزمة‬ ‫المجالت‬ ‫من‬ ‫جدٌد‬ ‫جٌل‬
‫الحر‬ ‫الوصول‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫التحول‬ ‫تختار‬ ً‫الت‬ ‫التقلٌدٌة‬ ‫المجالت‬
))
‫المعبر‬
ً‫الذهب‬
))

Green Route Vs Gold Route
46
O
A
O
A
O
A
O
A
O
A
O
A
Journals
‫علمٌة‬ ‫مجالت‬
Repositories
‫رقمٌة‬ ‫مستودعات‬

Gold and Green Open Access
47
OA delivered by journals is
called gold OA, and
OA delivered by repositories is
called green OA.
Work that is not open access, or
that is available only for a price,
is called toll access (TA).

Benefits of OA
49
1-Authors: it gives them
a worldwide audience
and increases the
visibility and impact of
their work;

Benefits of OA
50
2-Universities: it
increases the visibility of
their faculties and
research, reduces their
expenses for journals,
and advances their
mission to share
knowledge;

Benefits of OA
51
3-Teachers and
students: it puts rich and
poor on an equal footing by
eliminating the need for
payments or permissions
to reproduce and distribute
content;

Benefits of OA
52
4-Libraries: with Open
Access, librarians can help
users find the information
they need, regardless of
the budget-enforced
limits on the library's own
collection;

Benefits of OA
53
5-Readers/ citizens :
it gives them barrier-free
access to the literature
they need;

Benefits of OA
54
6-Journals: it makes their
articles more
visible, discoverable, retrievable,
and useful.
This visibility enables to effectively
attract submissions, subscriptions
and advertising;

Benefits of OA
55
7-Governments:
 Promotes democracy by sharing non-
classified government information as
widely as possible.

Benefits of OA
56
8-Citizens: it informs on
decisions that are important
to everyone. It gives them
access to research
documents, most of which is
unavailable in public
libraries and for which they
have paid through their
taxes;

Benefits of OA
57
9-Donors: it increases the
return on their investment in
research, making the results more
widely available.
 It also provides a fundamental
fairness to taxpayers or public access
to the results of publicly-funded
research;

Benefits of Open Access
59
 ▶ OA improves the speed, efficiency and
efficacy of research
 ▶ OA increases the visibility, usage and
impact of research
 ▶ OA is an enabling factor in
interdisciplinary research
 ▶ OA enables computation upon the
research literature
 ▶ OA allows the interested public ,
professional, practitioner and business
communities, to benefit from research

Current Status of OA Regarding
60
1. OA Policies….
2. OA Publishing ( Journals)….
3. OA Archiving ( Repositories )…
4. OA Learning (OCWs - OERs)….

WHO supports open access
61
WHO supports OA to the
published output of its
activities as
 a fundamental
part of its mission ..

62
 WHO OA policy
From 1 July 2014, journal articles or book
chapters produced by individuals or
institutions who are funded in whole or
in part by WHO must be published in
one of the following ways
 In an open-access journal (such as those published by
BioMed Central, Hindawi and PLoS);
 In a subscription journal that offers a hybrid open-access.
 http://www.who.int/about/open-access-faq/en/index1.html
WHO supports open access

63
UNESCO believes that OA has a
fundamental role to support
the SDGs and is committed to
making OA one of the central
supporting agendas to achieve the
SDGs.
UNESCO OA Policy

64
UNESCO GOAP

EU

European University
Association (EUA)
ROADMAP ON OA TO
RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS
February 2016

The European University
Association (EUA)
67
All scientific papers to be
free by 2020 under EU
proposals
Results of research
supported by public and
public-private funds set to be
made freely available to all.

World Bank OA Policy
Policy Rationale
The World Bank supports the free online
communication and exchange of
knowledge …. It is therefore committed
to open access, which…discover
pertinent information
68
WB.Administrative Manual AMS 14.40. April 2012

OA policies movement
69
Institutional OA Policy
is committed to
disseminating the outputs of
research and scholarship as
widely as possible

70
 Universities, faculties, and departments are
establishing open access policies
to make their research and
scholarship more accessible
to scholars, educators,
policymakers, and citizens
worldwide.

OA Policies
71
OA policies for universities .
There are two basic types of policy
– voluntary :requests researchers
to make their work OA by self-
archiving it in the institutional
repository:
mandatory: requires this action.

72
 The Registry of Open Access Repository
Mandates and Policies (ROARMAP)
 lists about 800 open access policies adopted
by academic institutions, departments, and
research funders worldwide.

Current Status of OA Regarding
73
1. OA Policies….
2. OA Publishing ( Journals)….
3. OA Archiving ( Repositories )…
4. OA Learning (OCWs - OERs)….

Open Science Directory
ATOZ.
A Search tool for OA journals
Developed by EBSCO , UNISCO and
the Hasselt University
http://atoz.ebsco.com/

WHO

DOAJ

77
5918 Academic peer-reviewed
books from168 publishers
 http://www.doabooks.org
Directory of Open Access Books
DOAB

J4F
78
 Journals for Free
 J4F is a directory of open access
journals
 https://journals4free.com/about.jsp

OA Journals In Developing
Countries
79
Several initiatives …include:
Bioline International
SciELO, Scientific Electronic
Library Online:
AJOL, African Journals Online:
AsiaJOL, Asia Journals Online:

Online Repositories
80
Online repositories, extend the
traditional role of libraries to
support research at all stages
and preserve, manage, and
provide access to many types
of digital materials in a variety
of formats.

Examples of subject-based repositories
81
Physics and mathematics disciplines
( arXiv)
 Social Science Research Network
(SSRN),
 Research Papers in Economics
(RePEc)
 Health and Biomedical research
( PMC )

Institutional Repository
82
IR is an online locus for:
1. collecting
2. preserving
3. disseminating
4.managing
the intellectual output of a
research institution.

Benefits of institutional repository
83
1- For the Individual
 Provide a central archive of
their work.
 Increase the dissemination,
visibility and impact of their
research.
 Acts as a full CV

84
2- For the Institution
 Increases visibility and
prestige
 Acts as a showcase & e-
portfolio to funding
sources, potential new
faculty and students..

85
3- For Society
 Provide access to the
world‟s research
 Ensures long-term
preservation of institutes‟
academic output

Open Educational Resources
(OER)
86
OERs :Any type of educational
materials that are in the public
domain. OERs range from
textbooks to curricula, syllabi,
lecture notes, assignments, tests,
projects, audio, video and
animation.
http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/access-to-
knowledge/open-educational-resources/what-are-open-educational-resources-oers/

Open Educational Resources
87
OER are free and open digital publications of
high quality materials organized as courses
that include lectures, related reading
materials, snapshots of discussions,
assignments, evaluations, etc used in
academic environments such universities,
training institutes, schools and colleges

OpenCourseWare (OCW)
 OCW are course lessons
created at universities and
published for free via
the Internet.

 OCW projects first appeared in the late 1990s, and after gaining
traction in Europe and then the United States have become a
worldwide means of delivering educational content.

 MIT OpenCourseWare (OCW) is a web-based
publication of virtually all MIT course content.
 OCW is open and available to the world and is a
permanent MIT activity.
Unlocking Knowledge
Empowering Minds
 2340 courses
 200 million visitors
89
https://ocw.mit.edu/index.htm#

ocw.jhsph.edu
90
http://ocw.jhsph.edu/

91
OCW uses the Creative Commons
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike
license,
So you can do all things as long as you follow
three simple rules:
1. Tell people who the original author is.
2. Make it free.
3. Give what you make the same license.

Recommendations
To cross this gap , the following
recommendations are proposed:
 1- Raising the awareness and promote
Open Access within the academic
community.
 2- All universities should officially
adopt and implement their own
Open Access Policy.

Recommendations
 3- Creation of or upgrading institutional
repository at each university .These
repositories should be established and
managed according to current best practices
OA protocols .
 4- Support self-archiving, ( Green OA)
until complete conversion to Open Access
publication (Gold Open Access).
 5- Conducting training programes for
Open Access and Open Science.

Recommended Readings
94
1. www.SlideShare.net/AhmedRefat
2. http://www.righttoresearch.org/resources/OpenResearc
hGlossary/index.shtml
3. http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-
information/portals-and-platforms/goap/access-by-
region/arab-states/egypt/
4. http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-
information/resources/news-and-in-focus-articles/all-
news/news/unescos_open_access_oa_curriculum_is_n
ow_online/
5. http://oad.simmons.edu/oadwiki/Main_Page

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