Greed, hatred, and ignorance have led humanity astray, causing suffering in the forms of old age, disease, and death. Property and wealth are transitory and do not bring lasting satisfaction, yet people pursue them with dogged tenacity due to false views. The advent of the profit motive split society into haves and have-nots, creating exploitation where the poor became poorer and resorted to harmful means of survival while lacking access to good food, protection, education, and happiness. Most worldly evils can be traced to the profit motive as greed prevents natural resources from being used for the common good and satisfying all people.

1. ON THE THREE EVILS
Humanity has been led astray by three evils – greed, hatred and ignorance. Whether we are
Buddhists, Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Animists, or Atheists, we cannot escape the three inevitables : old
age, disease, and death. Nobody can deny that the five sense objects – pretty sight, delightful sound,
fragrant smell, savory taste, and nice touch – are only fleeting phenomena. They are neither lasting nor
permanent.
Nor can anybody deny that property is transitory: no one can carry away his property after death.
Men have been chasing these transitory pleasures with a dogged tenacity mainly because they hold false
views regarding property. They forget that this life is not even one millionth part of the whirlpool of
Samsara (the cycles of rebirth), and go on amassing wealth even though it never brings them full
satisfaction.
This insatiable greed for wealth results in the profit motive which is not directed toward any
utilitarian purpose. Once upon a time all commodities were common property, and everybody had a right
to use them for his own benefit. But with the advent of the profit motive these commodities became
objects of exploitation. They became instruments of wealth and stimulus for greed. This led to the
following phenomena:
1. Human society was split into two classes: Haves and Have-nots.
2. The Have-nots had to depend on the Haves for their living, and thus the evil system of exploitation of
one class by another emerged.
3. With class exploitation, the poor became poorer because they could not get adequate returns for their
work. They had to resort to evil ways like stealing, looting, and prostitution.
4. The Lord Buddha has taught us that there are four causes of death: kamma, frame of mind, weather,
and food. Under the system of class exploitation, how can the Have-nots enjoy good food and protect
themselves from extremes of weather? Can there be any sense of happiness or contentment for them?
Can even a good kamma favor one who is cheerless? Thus one who is born into the class of Have-nots is
handicapped in all the above four factors, and disease is the inevitable result.
5. How can the Have-nots care for education with their hard struggle for a bare living? Lack of education
breeds an ever-increasing band of ignoramuses and Mr. Zeros.
6. How can a country abounding in ignoramuses and Mr. Zeros ever progress?
It is evident that most of the evils in the world can be traced to the advent of the profit motive. Do
you remember the legend of the Padaythabin (the tree of fulfillment) we heard as children?
According to the legend, there was once a time when men and women could get whatever they wanted
from the Padaythabin tree. There was no problem of food or clothes or housing, and there was no crime.
Disease was comparatively unknown. In course of time, however, the people fell victim to greed and
spoiled the tree of fulfillment which eventually disappeared. Then a class of people who could not afford
to eat well, dress well, or live well appeared, and crime became rampant.
Now I ask you to think of the Padaythabin as the natural wealth of our country, both above and
under the ground. If only this natural wealth is used for the common good of mankind it will be
inexhaustible, besides satisfying the needs of everybody. But greed comes in the way. The poorest of the
poor wants to become rich; the rich want to become richer, and the process goes on ad infinitum. Spurred
on by greed, people are apt to