This is the material of the presentation of the Workshop OIL|Issues Organic Lab, Shanghai September 24/26/27. The workshop explores the topic of food safety from the last phase of the cycle, the disposal. It is organized as a bottom‐up design activity that involves students and a group of citizens and professionals interested in waste management issues are also involved in the workshop activity. Inside the wide topic of waste management, the workshop will focus on the life‐cycle of the cooking oil.

2. WASTE HIERARCHY all those rules aimed at minimizing waste amount, as the extension of the products life cycle, the reduction of negative impacts on environment and human health. The reuse includes the materials or components reuse preparation for the same purposes. The recycling deals with every operation thanks to which waste materials are treated to obtain products or materials to reuse for their primal function or even for other aims. The recovery different from recycling follows, as the energies recovery or as other operations whose main result is « allowing waste to play a useful role by substituting other materials». Any operation different from recovery, also when it has as secondary consequence the substances or energies recovery, falls into the disposal. DISPOSAL REUSE PREVENTION MATERIALS OR ENERGIES RECOVERY RECYCLING

3. Small savings combined bring large results Proper disposal of used cooking oil is an important waste-management concern. Oil is lighter than water and tends to spread into thin and broad membranes which hinder the oxygenation of water. Because of this, a single litre of oil can contaminate as much as 1000 litres of water. Also, oil can congeal on pipes provoking blockages. Because of this, cooking oil should never be dumped in the kitchen sink or in the toilet bowl. The proper way to dispose of oil is to put it in a sealed non-recyclable container and discard it with regular garbage. Placing the container of oil in the refrigerator to harden also makes disposal easier and less messy. Cooking oil can be recycled. It can be used to produce soap and biodiesel.

4. Cooking oil is a highly polluting waste that obstructs human development, and thus social wellbeing, preventing the improvement of the quality of life. The environmental benefits of cooking oil recycling are: THE ELIMINATION OF A WASTE THAT GREATLY POLLUTES WATER. THE REUSE OF TREATED WATER. LOWER COSTS IN THE TREATMENT OF WASTE WATER. REDUCTION IN THE DETERIORATION AND OBSTRUCTION OF DRAINAGE SYSTEMS. REDUCTION IN THE PROBABILITY OF THE SPREADING OF MICROORGANISMS THAT ARE HARMFUL TO HEALTH. REDUCTION IN THE DEPENDENCE ON ENERGY FROM OVERSEAS. Why recycle used cooking oil?

5. THE ILLEGAL RECYCLE A Sickening Story: Making Cooking Oil from… Sewage and Waste Some companies in China are illegally using discarded oil scooped from sewage or organic waste from restaurants to recycle into cooking oil and selling to consumers. When thinking about the cooking oil used in restaurants, already one has to worry about food safety. But not everyone knows how the oil used in their food is made or just how clean (or dirty) it is. Recently, a netizen from China took photos of the production of "sewage oil" in their hometown and posted the photos online. According to the witness, only when you see the process with your own eyes will you realize just how disgusting it is. The raw materials of this oil includes sewage and organic waste from a number of restaurants. Of course, the producers of this dirty cooking oil collaborate with the restaurant owners to make a profit. And this is not the first time that Chinese vendors have been caught illegally recycling cooking oil. This news article Million tons of swill-cooked oil back on table Read this before you eat at Chinese restaurants next time. Every year, two to three million tons of swill-cooked dirty oil, soaked with poisonous carcinogens have sneaked back to our dining tables through an underground muck-money network so rampant that it’s an open secret in the industry, the China Youth Daily reported Wednesday. A deadly toxin found in swill-oil is aflatoxin, which is among the most carcinogenic substances ever known and is 100 times more poisonous than the forbidding white arsenic. The stomach-turning news report quoted a veteran food professor as saying “about one in ten meals” at the country’s restaurants is cooked with such dirty oil, a calculation based on China’s annual oil consumption of 22.5 million tons… Excerpt from: China Daily – March 2010

7. RECYCLE OIL CHINA LEGAL/ILLEGAL The companies that recycle oil legally produce biodiesel; the companies that recycle illegally produce kitchen oil

8. EXAMPLES OF EXISTING SERVICES AFRICA JAPAN AUSTRIA SPAIN JAPAN

9. JAPAN Tokyo Using local Tokyo recycled glass jars and waste cooking oils from a neighborhood cafe, design studio Gaimgraphics have created the stylish Filt Waste Oil Candles Set. Save the wicks, all materials are collected locally.

10. AUSTRIA Graz The public transport operator in Graz has converted all of its buses to run on 100 percent biodiesel, provided largely from the processing of wastecooking oil. The annual consumption of 3.8 million litres of fossil diesel in buses in Graz resulted in large emissions of CO2. At the same time, waste oil from the catering industry and private households is hazardous to the environment if not disposed of properly. Addressing both these issues, this CIVITAS TRENDSETTER measure therefore aimed to demonstrate that biofuels are suitable options for city buses and car fleets and represented a first step towards the development of a clean vehicle society.

11. SPAIN Barcelona The Barcelona Olipot scheme is planning to give away a free grease bucket to all households as a way to collect the crude substance for reuse. The simple countertop container has been designed so that after you cook, your olive oil or your vegetable oil can be poured inside easily. A filter within it separates bits of food from the liquid, and in all it will store up to 750mL of leftover grease. The Barcelona Olipot has a tight lid with a handle, making it convenient to carry to neighborhood recycling stations. In an attempt to get more of the population accruing oil to raise the existing recycling rate from the present 2.5 percent, a simple receptacle like the Barcelona Olipot will make the paint, biodiesel and soap industries more sustainable.

12. JAPAN http://ourworld.unu.edu/en/plastic-to-oil-fantastic/

13. AFRICA Nairobi http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dbzBz2XMSbY&feature=player_embedded

14. 2 step 1 COGNITIVE MAP . COLLAGE Workshop activities 4 3 Workshop activities SERVICE MAP BENEFITS .

15. 1 COLLAGE Create a collage: RECYCLE and FOOD SAFETY

16. 2 COGNITIVE MAP . Describe the collage with a connection of words

17. 3 SERVICE MAP Design your service withtools

18. Describe the benefits for the personthat take part in the service ? 4 BENEFITS .

19. 加油 THANKS! 谢谢 http://organicissueslab.tumblr.com