This document discusses offshore wind in the United States, including its past, present, and future potential. It notes that offshore wind could provide over 2,000 GW of energy for the US, twice the current electric grid. It outlines the history of offshore wind development in the US and reviews the challenges that have hindered its growth, such as regulatory hurdles, opposition groups, and lack of infrastructure. Finally, it proposes recommendations to advance the offshore wind industry through increased federal support, transmission planning, and building domestic manufacturing and workforce capacity.
Jim Lanard, Offshore Wind Development Coalition - Keynote Speaker at the marcus evans Wind Power Summit 20123 held in Dallas, TX February 25-26, 2013, delivered his presentation entitled Offshore Wind – A New Market for Land-Based Wind Developers and Their Supply Chain
Webinar New England and NL Offshore Wind 4 March 2021Carter Craft
Offshore Wind in New England and the Netherlands:
Building Partnerships for International Business
March 4, 2021. Webinar hosted by Massachusetts Clean Energy Center MASSCEC and Holland Home of Wind Energy HHWE
The work of Mr. Mark Glick, Hawaii State Energy Office Energy Administrator, his team, the stakeholders, participating organizations and members of the public ensure that focus on an achievable, realistic pathway is maintained and followed.
The 100% Clean Energy Goal simply says we believe that clean energy is an absolute priority that requires no less than our best dedicated efforts.
The path remains, the forecast is brighter and we shall be evermore diligent.
The Development of the Renewable Energy Market in Latin America and the Carib...Worldwatch Institute
This presentation aims to identify the strengths and challenges related to renewable energy development in Latin America and the Caribbean and to develop recommendations to guide future IDB activity.
Jim Lanard, Offshore Wind Development Coalition - Keynote Speaker at the marcus evans Wind Power Summit 20123 held in Dallas, TX February 25-26, 2013, delivered his presentation entitled Offshore Wind – A New Market for Land-Based Wind Developers and Their Supply Chain
Webinar New England and NL Offshore Wind 4 March 2021Carter Craft
Offshore Wind in New England and the Netherlands:
Building Partnerships for International Business
March 4, 2021. Webinar hosted by Massachusetts Clean Energy Center MASSCEC and Holland Home of Wind Energy HHWE
The work of Mr. Mark Glick, Hawaii State Energy Office Energy Administrator, his team, the stakeholders, participating organizations and members of the public ensure that focus on an achievable, realistic pathway is maintained and followed.
The 100% Clean Energy Goal simply says we believe that clean energy is an absolute priority that requires no less than our best dedicated efforts.
The path remains, the forecast is brighter and we shall be evermore diligent.
The Development of the Renewable Energy Market in Latin America and the Carib...Worldwatch Institute
This presentation aims to identify the strengths and challenges related to renewable energy development in Latin America and the Caribbean and to develop recommendations to guide future IDB activity.
Winds of Change in Klickitat CountyThe Harvest Wind ProjectM..pdfinfo335653
Winds of Change in Klickitat County:
The Harvest Wind Project
M. Phillips, D. Watson, B. Barnes, and H. Feldman
The following case describes a proposal by four Pacific Northwest utilities to build another wind
farm in the Columbia River Gorge. The local county planning director is responsible for deciding
on a permit for the project, but there are organizations and citizens both for and against
approving the permit, including local farmers, environmental groups, county citizens worried
about health and noise effects, and, of course, the local utilities who are proposing the project. If
approved, and completed by the end of the year, the costs of the project could be reduced by
almost a third through a grant by the U.S. Treasury Department.
Introduction
It was early April 2009, and Klickitat County planning director Curt Dreyer was weary but
happy to be writing up his permitting decision. On a tight timeline, he had worked for months
gathering information and vetting the Harvest Wind Project proposal that had been submitted by
four Pacific Northwest consumer owned utilities: the Public Utility District (PUD) No. 1 of
Cowlitz County, the Eugene Water and Electric Board. Lakeview Green Energy. Inc., and
Peninsula Light Company. The pressure had been high: hanging in the balance was a $60.76
million US Treasury Department grant which represented 30 percent of eligible construction
costs, made available through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA).
To qualify for the full amount, the wind project had to be completed within the year 2009.
The proposed construction schedule was one of the most aggressive ever and in order to
complete it on time approval had to come in April. Wind projects were complicated and required
months of constructiontypically half a year or more. If Curt approved the project, construction
could commence by early May, concluding by December 2009 at the latest to qualify for the
$60.76 million grant.
Approving the permit was not a forgone conclusion. Although Klickitat County was often called
the capital of wind energy in the Pacific Northwest due to its 14 operating wind farms and its
prime location in the Columbia River Gorge, concerns about wind power among
stakeholdersincluding negative economic, environmental, and health effectswere increasingly
being voiced in the region and nationally. With imperfect information on health effects and
environmental effects, the true costs of wind were uncertain. And yet each new wind proposal
had to be evaluated given leading edge knowledge at the time, and every affected party and
viewpoint had to be taken into consideration before approving or turning down the projects
permit application for the county. Given these concerns and the uncertainty, would the gains to
project stakeholders justify signing off on the project? As he reflected on the past few months,
Curt felt he had done his best to collect as much information as possible and to weigh the
concerns and needs.
2013 05 bristol channel energy - johnny gowdySevernEstuary
The Severn Estuary Forum is a key annual event in its eighth year and hosted by the Severn Estuary Partnership: an independent, estuary-wide initiative, involving all those interested in the management of the estuary, from planners to port authorities, fishermen to farmers.
This year’s Forum was opened by the Lord Mayor of Gloucester and supported by CIWEM. It focussed on a number of diverse topics, including the upper estuary; renewable energy possibilities; a review of the Severn Estuary Flood Risk Management Strategy; an overview of the operations and maintenance of the Severn River Crossings; Local Enterprise Partnerships; The Bristol Deep Sea Container Terminal; proposals for a Severnside Airport and Fisheries amongst others.
These engaging and exciting events are intended for all interested in learning about the latest research and policy developments dealing with the Severn Estuary and its future, and always guarantee a lively and informative day of presentations and talks. They offer a unique opportunity to learn from others, share ideas and participate in the management of the Severn Estuary.
Offshore wind industry is being used by a number of countries to harness the energy of strong, consistent winds that are found over the oceans. In the United States, abundant offshore wind resources have the potential to supply immense quantities of renewable energy to major U.S. coastal cities. The US has an attractive potential of ~10 GW by 2020, driven from sites in the Atlantic Ocean, and ~54 GW by 2030, at which time the Pacific Coast and the Great Lakes are expected to be developed.
At present, no new project is commissioned in the US and of the current ~6.9 GW in the US pipeline, only ~1.4 GW is expected to be commissioned by 2020 due to long consent periods and an undeveloped supply chain, indicating a gap of 8.6 GW to DoE ambition in 2020. Immature supply chain, approval delays and low cost competitiveness are key factors for slow development, however, expected return of PTC is an upside.
This report offers insights on US offshore wind industry analysing its current position, upfront challenges and future expectations. Considering the great potential, global contractors and financial investors are expected to enter the US offshore wind industry as they can utilize experiences gained in Europe. Incumbents as well as new entrants are developing projects in partnership with other members of the supply chain in order to gain experience and reduce risks. This report also presents a thorough evaluation of the key players in the industry and developments for wind energy project realisation in the US.
This webinar will analyse practical measures to improve resilience to the long-term challenges posed by the transition to more environmentally sustainable production in local economies.
SPRU energy seminar Matthew Hannon 1.12.2015 - Lost at Sea? Wave Energy’s Dif...Matthew Hannon
The UK established its first large-scale wave energy innovation programme in 1976 in a bid to develop an alternative domestic supply of energy in light of the oil crisis. As such wave energy became the principal focus for renewable energy public RD&D funding during the late 1970s. However, funding rapidly declined during the 1980s after the programme was discontinued due to a perceived lack of progress and a shift in political support towards nuclear energy. It wasn’t until the early 2000s that wave energy support enjoyed a renaissance with government believing it could play a central role in meeting its climate change and energy security targets, whilst also stimulating economic growth.
Whilst approximately £75m of public and £525m of private sector funds were subsequently invested in ocean energy RD&D between 2000 and 2012 this ultimately failed to deliver a commercially viable wave energy device. This slow progress can in part be attributed to the complexity of the engineering challenge this research explores whether the level and type of support on offer may have been a contributing factor. Drawing upon both qualitative and quantitative analysis this research examines the effectiveness of the UK’s wave energy innovation system and the lessons that have been learnt to help accelerate wave energy technology innovation in the future.
In terms of the level of funding the research finds that ocean energy has at a national and international level received less funding than other renewable energy technologies that have reached commercialisation. In terms of the effectiveness of the funding that was committed the research finds that the innovation support system put in place has exhibited a number of critical weaknesses. These include a pressure to go ‘too big too soon’, poor levels of developer collaboration, intermittent government support and a poorly coordinated funding landscape.
Despite these failures significant ‘policy learning’ has taken place in the UK, triggering a major reconfiguration of its ocean energy innovation system that is considered to have created a stronger innovation system. Positive developments include a refocusing on component vs. device development, treating wave and tidal energy innovation separately and a greater degree of innovation body coordination. Even so a number of recommendations are presented to strengthen the system further still, not least greater coordination between UK and Scottish governments and stronger links between universities and device developers.
Watershed management along the Colorado River - Michael GabaldonYourAlberta
Michael is an Associate Vice-President with AECOM and a presenter at Alberta’s Watershed Management Symposium: Flood and Drought Mitigation. Using the Colorado River and recent flood events in the State of Colorado as backdrops, Michael talked about bringing diverse stakeholders together to create an effective total watershed management plan.
This panel will address whether threats from climate change, mercury emissions and other effects of fossil fuel dependence justify development of offshore wind in select areas of the Great Lakes. What state and federal regulatory schemes currently exist and are they adequate to protect the lakes? How are regulators, developers and environmental groups addressing wind development and environmental protection?
March 2012 - Michigan Energy Forum - Richard Vander VeenAnnArborSPARK
Wind farms are growing in many parts of Michigan as the price to generate electricity by turbines drops. Once the decision is made to move forward with wind, what happens next?
Join us as we discuss answers to the questions below:
· What are the steps followed to site a wind farm?
· How are the locations determined?
· How are the turbines selected?
· Who does the construction?
· How is financing handled?
· What are the long term maintenance issues?
Winds of Change in Klickitat CountyThe Harvest Wind ProjectM..pdfinfo335653
Winds of Change in Klickitat County:
The Harvest Wind Project
M. Phillips, D. Watson, B. Barnes, and H. Feldman
The following case describes a proposal by four Pacific Northwest utilities to build another wind
farm in the Columbia River Gorge. The local county planning director is responsible for deciding
on a permit for the project, but there are organizations and citizens both for and against
approving the permit, including local farmers, environmental groups, county citizens worried
about health and noise effects, and, of course, the local utilities who are proposing the project. If
approved, and completed by the end of the year, the costs of the project could be reduced by
almost a third through a grant by the U.S. Treasury Department.
Introduction
It was early April 2009, and Klickitat County planning director Curt Dreyer was weary but
happy to be writing up his permitting decision. On a tight timeline, he had worked for months
gathering information and vetting the Harvest Wind Project proposal that had been submitted by
four Pacific Northwest consumer owned utilities: the Public Utility District (PUD) No. 1 of
Cowlitz County, the Eugene Water and Electric Board. Lakeview Green Energy. Inc., and
Peninsula Light Company. The pressure had been high: hanging in the balance was a $60.76
million US Treasury Department grant which represented 30 percent of eligible construction
costs, made available through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA).
To qualify for the full amount, the wind project had to be completed within the year 2009.
The proposed construction schedule was one of the most aggressive ever and in order to
complete it on time approval had to come in April. Wind projects were complicated and required
months of constructiontypically half a year or more. If Curt approved the project, construction
could commence by early May, concluding by December 2009 at the latest to qualify for the
$60.76 million grant.
Approving the permit was not a forgone conclusion. Although Klickitat County was often called
the capital of wind energy in the Pacific Northwest due to its 14 operating wind farms and its
prime location in the Columbia River Gorge, concerns about wind power among
stakeholdersincluding negative economic, environmental, and health effectswere increasingly
being voiced in the region and nationally. With imperfect information on health effects and
environmental effects, the true costs of wind were uncertain. And yet each new wind proposal
had to be evaluated given leading edge knowledge at the time, and every affected party and
viewpoint had to be taken into consideration before approving or turning down the projects
permit application for the county. Given these concerns and the uncertainty, would the gains to
project stakeholders justify signing off on the project? As he reflected on the past few months,
Curt felt he had done his best to collect as much information as possible and to weigh the
concerns and needs.
2013 05 bristol channel energy - johnny gowdySevernEstuary
The Severn Estuary Forum is a key annual event in its eighth year and hosted by the Severn Estuary Partnership: an independent, estuary-wide initiative, involving all those interested in the management of the estuary, from planners to port authorities, fishermen to farmers.
This year’s Forum was opened by the Lord Mayor of Gloucester and supported by CIWEM. It focussed on a number of diverse topics, including the upper estuary; renewable energy possibilities; a review of the Severn Estuary Flood Risk Management Strategy; an overview of the operations and maintenance of the Severn River Crossings; Local Enterprise Partnerships; The Bristol Deep Sea Container Terminal; proposals for a Severnside Airport and Fisheries amongst others.
These engaging and exciting events are intended for all interested in learning about the latest research and policy developments dealing with the Severn Estuary and its future, and always guarantee a lively and informative day of presentations and talks. They offer a unique opportunity to learn from others, share ideas and participate in the management of the Severn Estuary.
Offshore wind industry is being used by a number of countries to harness the energy of strong, consistent winds that are found over the oceans. In the United States, abundant offshore wind resources have the potential to supply immense quantities of renewable energy to major U.S. coastal cities. The US has an attractive potential of ~10 GW by 2020, driven from sites in the Atlantic Ocean, and ~54 GW by 2030, at which time the Pacific Coast and the Great Lakes are expected to be developed.
At present, no new project is commissioned in the US and of the current ~6.9 GW in the US pipeline, only ~1.4 GW is expected to be commissioned by 2020 due to long consent periods and an undeveloped supply chain, indicating a gap of 8.6 GW to DoE ambition in 2020. Immature supply chain, approval delays and low cost competitiveness are key factors for slow development, however, expected return of PTC is an upside.
This report offers insights on US offshore wind industry analysing its current position, upfront challenges and future expectations. Considering the great potential, global contractors and financial investors are expected to enter the US offshore wind industry as they can utilize experiences gained in Europe. Incumbents as well as new entrants are developing projects in partnership with other members of the supply chain in order to gain experience and reduce risks. This report also presents a thorough evaluation of the key players in the industry and developments for wind energy project realisation in the US.
This webinar will analyse practical measures to improve resilience to the long-term challenges posed by the transition to more environmentally sustainable production in local economies.
SPRU energy seminar Matthew Hannon 1.12.2015 - Lost at Sea? Wave Energy’s Dif...Matthew Hannon
The UK established its first large-scale wave energy innovation programme in 1976 in a bid to develop an alternative domestic supply of energy in light of the oil crisis. As such wave energy became the principal focus for renewable energy public RD&D funding during the late 1970s. However, funding rapidly declined during the 1980s after the programme was discontinued due to a perceived lack of progress and a shift in political support towards nuclear energy. It wasn’t until the early 2000s that wave energy support enjoyed a renaissance with government believing it could play a central role in meeting its climate change and energy security targets, whilst also stimulating economic growth.
Whilst approximately £75m of public and £525m of private sector funds were subsequently invested in ocean energy RD&D between 2000 and 2012 this ultimately failed to deliver a commercially viable wave energy device. This slow progress can in part be attributed to the complexity of the engineering challenge this research explores whether the level and type of support on offer may have been a contributing factor. Drawing upon both qualitative and quantitative analysis this research examines the effectiveness of the UK’s wave energy innovation system and the lessons that have been learnt to help accelerate wave energy technology innovation in the future.
In terms of the level of funding the research finds that ocean energy has at a national and international level received less funding than other renewable energy technologies that have reached commercialisation. In terms of the effectiveness of the funding that was committed the research finds that the innovation support system put in place has exhibited a number of critical weaknesses. These include a pressure to go ‘too big too soon’, poor levels of developer collaboration, intermittent government support and a poorly coordinated funding landscape.
Despite these failures significant ‘policy learning’ has taken place in the UK, triggering a major reconfiguration of its ocean energy innovation system that is considered to have created a stronger innovation system. Positive developments include a refocusing on component vs. device development, treating wave and tidal energy innovation separately and a greater degree of innovation body coordination. Even so a number of recommendations are presented to strengthen the system further still, not least greater coordination between UK and Scottish governments and stronger links between universities and device developers.
Watershed management along the Colorado River - Michael GabaldonYourAlberta
Michael is an Associate Vice-President with AECOM and a presenter at Alberta’s Watershed Management Symposium: Flood and Drought Mitigation. Using the Colorado River and recent flood events in the State of Colorado as backdrops, Michael talked about bringing diverse stakeholders together to create an effective total watershed management plan.
This panel will address whether threats from climate change, mercury emissions and other effects of fossil fuel dependence justify development of offshore wind in select areas of the Great Lakes. What state and federal regulatory schemes currently exist and are they adequate to protect the lakes? How are regulators, developers and environmental groups addressing wind development and environmental protection?
March 2012 - Michigan Energy Forum - Richard Vander VeenAnnArborSPARK
Wind farms are growing in many parts of Michigan as the price to generate electricity by turbines drops. Once the decision is made to move forward with wind, what happens next?
Join us as we discuss answers to the questions below:
· What are the steps followed to site a wind farm?
· How are the locations determined?
· How are the turbines selected?
· Who does the construction?
· How is financing handled?
· What are the long term maintenance issues?
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...
Offshore Wind in the U.S. Climate Week NYC Oct 2021 v2.pptx
1. Offshore Wind in the U.S.
Past, Present, and Future
October 19, 2021
Teresa R. Christopher
Former White House Ocean Policy Advisor
Founder & Principal, T.R.Christopher Strategies
2. Climate Week NYC | 2
• The Ocean as a Climate Solution
– Ocean absorbs 25% of all CO2 emissions
– Captures 90% of the additional heat generated from those emissions
– Ocean can provide key source of renewable energy through Offshore
Wind
• Offshore wind could be major component of clean energy
economy in U.S.
• Offshore wind is stronger and more consistent than onshore
wind
• In the U.S., offshore wind could provide 2,000 GW of energy
– 2x the present generation of the entire U.S. electric grid
• Ability to create jobs and bolster economy
The Ocean as a Climate Solution
3. Climate Week NYC | 3
• Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPAct) authorizes OCS renewable energy
program
• National Ocean Policy/Ocean Planning (2009/2010)
• U.S. Department of the Interior announce final regulations (2009)
– Provide framework for issuing leases, easements, and rights-of-way for OCS
activities that support production & transmission of offshore wind
• Smart from the Start / Proposed Transmission Backbone for East
Coast (2010)
• BOEM first “Call for Information” for Offshore Wind (2011)
• Nation's first competitive lease sale (2013)
• Block Island Wind Farm 30MW operational (2016)
• Cape Wind (lease terminated 2017)
• Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind 12MW operational (June 2020)
• Vineyard Wind (MA) Final Federal Approval(May 2021)
Offshore Wind in the United States:
Brief History
4. Climate Week NYC | 4
• Complex offshore governance and regulatory requirements
• Inadequate Staffing and Resources at Regulatory Agencies
• User Conflicts
– Navigation
– Military Uses
– Commercial Fishing
– Coastal Homeowners/NIMBYs (Visual Impacts)
• Interest Group Opposition/Litigation
• Transmission
– Grid Capacity
– Limited Interconnectivity
• Long Time Horizons
– Protracted due to litigation
– Approx. 7 years from auction to operational
• Ecological Impacts and Limited Scientific Data
• Lack of Support Infrastructure Domestically
– Manufacturing
– Skilled workers
• Technological Limitations
• Jones Act Compliance
Challenges and Barriers
5. Climate Week NYC | 5
• States have been leading
– Driving industry forward with offshore wind targets
– 8 East Coast States alone have set targets of approx.
37GW
• Biden Administration set National Goals
– Net Zero Emissions by 2050
– 30GW of Offshore Wind
by 2030
Putting Wind in the Sails
6. Climate Week NYC | 6
State Renewable Goals
Offshore Wind Goals
(MW)
Massachusetts 35% by 2030 3,200
Rhode Island 100% by 2030 Unspecified
Connecticut 48% by 2030 2,300
New York 70% by 2030 9,000 by 2035
New Jersey 50% by 2030 7,500 by 2035
Maryland 50% by 2030 7,000
Virginia 30% by 2030 5,212
North Carolina
70% reduction of green
house gas emissions by
2030
2,800 by 2030; 8,000 by
2040
East Coast State Commitments
7. Climate Week NYC | 7
• 16 active commercial
wind energy leases
– (when operational would power
~8 million homes)
• 8 competitive lease sales
complete
• 10 site assessment plans
approved
• Activity on all Coasts
Offshore Wind in the United States:
Current State
10. Climate Week NYC | 10
• Potential to provide over
80,000 jobs per year through
development, construction and
operation between 2025-2035
• Already seeing investments in
port infrastructure, job training,
manufacturing, ship building
• States vying for opportunities
– NJ Wind Port (first facility
purpose built)
– NC, VA, MD created Southeast
and Mid-Atlantic Regional
Transformative Partnership for
Offshore Wind Energy
Resources (SMART-POWER)
– NY Port of Coeymans
– Not just coastal states
Bolstering the Economy
11. Climate Week NYC | 11
• Federal Leadership
– Appoint Offshore Wind Czar in Executive
Office of the President to coordinate across
agencies and provide day to day leadership
• Increase Staffing and Resources at
BOEM and other Regulatory Agencies
• Offshore Wind Transmission Master
Plan
– Plan and invest in Offshore Grid NOW
– develop master plan or regional master
plans
– a high capacity transmission “backbone” or
a “hub and spoke” model
• Continue to invest in technology
– Floating
– Waste recycling
Advancing Offshore Wind: Recommendations
12. Climate Week NYC | 12
• Address User Conflicts Up Front
– Regional Ocean Planning
– Look for synergies to co-locate
uses
• Continue to invest in baseline
science
• Congress should establish
dedicated fund to support
research and mitigate
environmental impacts
• Address cumulative impacts
• Ensure that the communities
hosting receive some of benefits
Advancing Offshore Wind: Recommendations
13. Climate Week NYC | 13
• Build domestic capability
and capacity of workforce
and supply chain
– Invest in workforce training
programs
– Invest in manufacturing
programs that create and
enhance domestic supply
chains
Advancing Offshore Wind: Recommendations
US offshore wind stalled for a decade due to litigation, protracted permitting, energy markets/cost, interest group opposition
Slow to get starter – as of the end of 2020 we only have 2 commercial projects and 7 turbines in the water
Energy markets, cost competitiveness, protracted permitting processes, lack of science and data concerning cumulative impacts on the environment, needing to conduct studies during specific times of year, interest group opposition, lawsuits, jurisdiction complications, and wildlife impacts have all contributed to delays or barriers to expeditiously expanding offshore wind in U.S. waters.
ugust 18, 2011, BOEM published a "Call for Information and Nominations for Commercial Leasing for Wind Poweron the OCS Offshore Rhode Island and Massachusetts“
July 31, 2013, BOEM auctioned the Rhode Island/Massachusetts WEA
Offshore areas often support multiple industries and fragile marine environments, all of which need to be considered and protected when proposing, developing, and constructing an offshore wind project. requires involvement from multiple federal agencies, state and local jurisdictions
MOST ARE SOLVABLE
need to address these barriers with pragmatic solutions and continue to advance policies that allow for the growth of the industry.
So where are we today?
As of last week – Sec. of the Interior announced seven new offshore wind lease sales by 2025 – NY Bight, Gulf of Maine, Central Atlantic, California, Carolinas, Gulf of Mexico, Oregon
US East Coast
-most commercial wind energy leases are on east coast
-NY/NJ area auction expected in next few months
-Maine has proposed floating project
NC/SC call areas
West Coast
California has a wind energy area identified on the central coast / 7 companies expressed interest/ auction in mid-2022
Oregon has Task Force
Washington State has a potential project with the Quinault Tribe
Gulf Coast States have set up a BOEM Task Force
Hawaii has call areas
The New Jersey Wind Port will be located on an artificial island on the eastern shores of the Delaware River, southwest of the City of Salem. the first facility purpose-built for staging, assembly, and manufacturing activities related to offshore wind projects on the US East Coast.
Executive Order follows a bipartisan memorandum of understanding among the governors of North Carolina, Maryland and Virginia in October 2020 that created the Southeast and Mid-Atlantic Regional Transformative Partnership for Offshore Wind Energy Resources (SMART-POWER). The SMART-POWER MOU provides a framework for the three states to cooperatively promote, develop and expand offshore wind energy and the accompanying industry supply chain and workforce.
develop a cohesive, strategic offshore wind transmission master plan or regional master plans.
