This document discusses ocean acidification, including its causes from increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, its impacts such as negative effects on coral reefs and calcifying organisms, and evidence that it has occurred before in the past due to natural processes. The future remains uncertain but ocean acidification is projected to continue increasing stresses on marine ecosystems when combined with global warming. Some research also indicates acidification may impact organisms and ecosystems differently depending on location.
Scott Doney's Ocean Acidification presentation, April 2013 Hourglass BrasserieEatingwiththeEcosystem
Dr. Scott Doney from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution joined a group of guests at the Hourglass Brasserie, Bristol RI, in April 2013 to offer some thoughts on the effects of ocean acidification on New England's treasured seafood.
The Upwell #Acidinar: Ocean Acidification Through the Eyes of the InternetMatthew Fitzgerald
From the twisted minds who brought you the Upwell Sharkinar, comes the latest in our infamous webinar-inar series. The Acidinar is about using the internet for ocean acidification communications, including what can be done about it.
If you talk about acidification online, or if you're acidification-curious, check out the Acidinar and join our merry band of activists, scientists, bloggers, journalists, super-tweeters, and nonprofits to discuss how we can change the online conversation about ocean acidification in the best way, together.
The Acidinar was held on Wednesday, February 4th, at 11am pacific / 2pm eastern.
A video recording and related resources are available at http://upwell.us/oceanacidification
During the Acidinar we:
• Shared findings from Upwell’s new report, Ocean Acidification: The State of the Online Conversation (http://upwell.us/oceanacidification)
• Answered your questions and discussed your takeaways, with an eye toward mutual communications support
• Provided tips for increasing the volume and engagement level of ocean acidification online mentions
Ocean acidification is a term used to describe the changes in the chemistry of the Earth’s ocean i.e. ongoing decrease in the pH and increase in acidity caused by the uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide from the atmosphere causing major problems for the coral reefs and other organisms.
The oceans are getting acidified! How? Why? What can we do?
For answers... Check the Presentation out
(Just a bit more informative than my previous one)
Scott Doney's Ocean Acidification presentation, April 2013 Hourglass BrasserieEatingwiththeEcosystem
Dr. Scott Doney from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution joined a group of guests at the Hourglass Brasserie, Bristol RI, in April 2013 to offer some thoughts on the effects of ocean acidification on New England's treasured seafood.
The Upwell #Acidinar: Ocean Acidification Through the Eyes of the InternetMatthew Fitzgerald
From the twisted minds who brought you the Upwell Sharkinar, comes the latest in our infamous webinar-inar series. The Acidinar is about using the internet for ocean acidification communications, including what can be done about it.
If you talk about acidification online, or if you're acidification-curious, check out the Acidinar and join our merry band of activists, scientists, bloggers, journalists, super-tweeters, and nonprofits to discuss how we can change the online conversation about ocean acidification in the best way, together.
The Acidinar was held on Wednesday, February 4th, at 11am pacific / 2pm eastern.
A video recording and related resources are available at http://upwell.us/oceanacidification
During the Acidinar we:
• Shared findings from Upwell’s new report, Ocean Acidification: The State of the Online Conversation (http://upwell.us/oceanacidification)
• Answered your questions and discussed your takeaways, with an eye toward mutual communications support
• Provided tips for increasing the volume and engagement level of ocean acidification online mentions
Ocean acidification is a term used to describe the changes in the chemistry of the Earth’s ocean i.e. ongoing decrease in the pH and increase in acidity caused by the uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide from the atmosphere causing major problems for the coral reefs and other organisms.
The oceans are getting acidified! How? Why? What can we do?
For answers... Check the Presentation out
(Just a bit more informative than my previous one)
Ocean Acidification: Cause, Impact and mitigationIIT Kanpur
Ocean Acidification and the battle for Carbonate.
In this presentation the points covered are detailed briefing of ocean acidification, its causes, its impact on marine ecosystems and measures to mitigate this.
The Ocean Acidification Summary for Policymakers was published in 2013. It summarises key findings from the Ocean in a High CO2 World Symposium, which is sponsored by the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme, the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO and the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research.
For more information
http://ocean-acidification.net/
Summary for Policymakers
http://www.igbp.net/publications/summariesforpolicymakers/summariesforpolicymakers/oceanacidificationsummaryforpolicymakers2013.5.30566fc6142425d6c9111f4.html
Ocean Acidification atau Pengasaman samudra adalah salah satu dampak peningkatan gas rumah kaca yang berupa CO2 dimana terjadi penurunan pH perairan akibat semakin banyaknya gas CO2 yang diserap laut/perairan
This is a small presentation on ocean acidification.It is a compilation of all materials(including present information) I collected related to it, any new information beside this or concerning it please comment.
C5.01: Ocean acidification and seawater carbon chemistry of the Great Barrier...Blue Planet Symposium
Ocean acidification is considered a major threat to the health and sustainability of tropical reef ecosystems. Observations of carbonate chemistry have been made over a range of scales from reefs to ocean hydrographic sections in the Southwest Pacific and Great Barrier Reef (GBR) in order to establish baseline conditions for tracking ocean acidification change. A major component of the research has been monthly sampling of shelf waters along the entire length of the GBR using a ship of opportunity, RTM Wakmatha. The observations provide measures of the vital signs of the reef health and growing conditions. The results show that seawater carbonate chemistry is strongly influenced by the flow of Coral Sea waters onto the GBR shelf, with localised modification of the water chemistry by calcification/dissolution and production/respiration in the many reefs and coastal regions of the GBR. The shelf-offshore changes are similar in size to ocean acidification changes predicted over the next few decades due to ocean CO2 uptake. The changes in carbonate chemistry indicate that many reefs of the GBR may already be exposed to marginal growing conditions with respect to seawater carbonate chemistry. However, the results are also consistent with a net calcification signal for the GBR, with no evidence of large-scale net dissolution that may occur under ocean acidification. The research is a basis for developing an integrated modelling and sustained observational approach for 1) determining how the GBR is responding to ocean acidification and other stresses (e.g. tipping from conditions of net growth to net loss of reef), 2) diagnosing the complex feedback mechanisms on the GBR that alter water chemistry and influence the resilience of reefs to ocean acidification, and 3) delivering tools and evidence for informed decision making on responses to ocean acidification.
Dr. Francis Chan's 2012-2014 Oregon Sea Grant-supported project, "Understanding, Forecasting and Communicating the Linkages Between Hypoxia and Ocean Acidification in Oregon's Coastal Ocean"
OCEAN ACIDIFICATION IS HUGE PROBLEM.
IT IS POLUTING OCEAN AND EFFECTS SEA LIFE.
PEOPLE HAVE TO GIVE ATTENTION ON IT. THIS PPT IS
SPECIALLY FOR DESCRIBE THIS PROBLEM AND GIVE AN
EXPLAINATION TO ALL. BY THE END OF 2100TH CENTURY
IT WILL BECOME MORE CRITICAL AND DESTROY OCEAN
LIFE.
Phil Colarusso, Boston Office of the EPA
Wetlands and coastal waters are exceptionally effective at storing carbon as well as performing many other ecosystem functions. Phil Colarusso tells us how cities and the global climate benefit from offshore seagrass beds, one of the richest of ecological resources and carbon sinks and part of the Boston area's native habitat. Eelgrass survival is entirely dependent on effective management of water resources for human use, especially intact healthy wetlands and efficient sewage disposal.
Presented at the Urban and Suburban Carbon Farming to Reverse Global Warming conference at Harvard University on May 3, 2015, organized by Biodiversity for a Livable Climate.
www.bio4climate.org
Ocean Acidification: Cause, Impact and mitigationIIT Kanpur
Ocean Acidification and the battle for Carbonate.
In this presentation the points covered are detailed briefing of ocean acidification, its causes, its impact on marine ecosystems and measures to mitigate this.
The Ocean Acidification Summary for Policymakers was published in 2013. It summarises key findings from the Ocean in a High CO2 World Symposium, which is sponsored by the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme, the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO and the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research.
For more information
http://ocean-acidification.net/
Summary for Policymakers
http://www.igbp.net/publications/summariesforpolicymakers/summariesforpolicymakers/oceanacidificationsummaryforpolicymakers2013.5.30566fc6142425d6c9111f4.html
Ocean Acidification atau Pengasaman samudra adalah salah satu dampak peningkatan gas rumah kaca yang berupa CO2 dimana terjadi penurunan pH perairan akibat semakin banyaknya gas CO2 yang diserap laut/perairan
This is a small presentation on ocean acidification.It is a compilation of all materials(including present information) I collected related to it, any new information beside this or concerning it please comment.
C5.01: Ocean acidification and seawater carbon chemistry of the Great Barrier...Blue Planet Symposium
Ocean acidification is considered a major threat to the health and sustainability of tropical reef ecosystems. Observations of carbonate chemistry have been made over a range of scales from reefs to ocean hydrographic sections in the Southwest Pacific and Great Barrier Reef (GBR) in order to establish baseline conditions for tracking ocean acidification change. A major component of the research has been monthly sampling of shelf waters along the entire length of the GBR using a ship of opportunity, RTM Wakmatha. The observations provide measures of the vital signs of the reef health and growing conditions. The results show that seawater carbonate chemistry is strongly influenced by the flow of Coral Sea waters onto the GBR shelf, with localised modification of the water chemistry by calcification/dissolution and production/respiration in the many reefs and coastal regions of the GBR. The shelf-offshore changes are similar in size to ocean acidification changes predicted over the next few decades due to ocean CO2 uptake. The changes in carbonate chemistry indicate that many reefs of the GBR may already be exposed to marginal growing conditions with respect to seawater carbonate chemistry. However, the results are also consistent with a net calcification signal for the GBR, with no evidence of large-scale net dissolution that may occur under ocean acidification. The research is a basis for developing an integrated modelling and sustained observational approach for 1) determining how the GBR is responding to ocean acidification and other stresses (e.g. tipping from conditions of net growth to net loss of reef), 2) diagnosing the complex feedback mechanisms on the GBR that alter water chemistry and influence the resilience of reefs to ocean acidification, and 3) delivering tools and evidence for informed decision making on responses to ocean acidification.
Dr. Francis Chan's 2012-2014 Oregon Sea Grant-supported project, "Understanding, Forecasting and Communicating the Linkages Between Hypoxia and Ocean Acidification in Oregon's Coastal Ocean"
OCEAN ACIDIFICATION IS HUGE PROBLEM.
IT IS POLUTING OCEAN AND EFFECTS SEA LIFE.
PEOPLE HAVE TO GIVE ATTENTION ON IT. THIS PPT IS
SPECIALLY FOR DESCRIBE THIS PROBLEM AND GIVE AN
EXPLAINATION TO ALL. BY THE END OF 2100TH CENTURY
IT WILL BECOME MORE CRITICAL AND DESTROY OCEAN
LIFE.
Phil Colarusso, Boston Office of the EPA
Wetlands and coastal waters are exceptionally effective at storing carbon as well as performing many other ecosystem functions. Phil Colarusso tells us how cities and the global climate benefit from offshore seagrass beds, one of the richest of ecological resources and carbon sinks and part of the Boston area's native habitat. Eelgrass survival is entirely dependent on effective management of water resources for human use, especially intact healthy wetlands and efficient sewage disposal.
Presented at the Urban and Suburban Carbon Farming to Reverse Global Warming conference at Harvard University on May 3, 2015, organized by Biodiversity for a Livable Climate.
www.bio4climate.org
Miriam Kastner: Her findings on METHANE HYDRATES in Ocean Acidification Summ...www.thiiink.com
Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels are rising as a result of human activities, such as fossil fuel burning, and are increasing the acidity of seawater. This process is known as ocean acidi cation. Historically, the ocean has absorbed approximately 30% of all CO2 released into the atmosphere
by humans since the start of the industrial revolution, resulting in a 26% increase in the acidity of the ocean1.
Ocean acidi cation causes ecosystems and marine biodiversity to change. It has the potential to affect food security and it limits the capacity of the ocean to absorb CO2 from human emissions. The economic impact of ocean acidi cation could be substantial.
Reducing CO2 emissions is the only way to minimise long-term, large-scale risks.
A brief concept of a system is presented, fundamentals on the formation of the Earth's atmosphere chemical composition is explained under the perspective of a systemic approach.
Coral Reefs: Challenges, Opportunities and Evolutionary Strategies for Surviv...rsmahabir
Coral reefs are one of the most diverse marine ecosystems on Earth. They are renowned hotspots of species biodiversity and provide home to a large array of marine plants and animals. Over the past 100 years, many tropical regions’ sea surface temperatures have increased by almost 1 °C and are currently increasing at about 1–2 °C per century. Corals have very specific thermal thresholds beyond which their temperature sensitive symbiont Zooxanthellae becomes affected and causes corals to bleach. Mass bleaching has already caused significant losses to live coral in many parts of the world. In the Caribbean, the problem of coral bleaching has especially been problematic, with as much as 90% bleaching in some parts of the Caribbean due to thermal anomalies in some instances. This paper looks at the key role that temperature plays in the health and spatial distribution of coral in the Caribbean. The relationship between coral and symbiont is examined along with some evolutionary strategies necessary to ensure the future survival of coral with the changing climate.
Why is the temperature of Venus hotter than Mercury that is closer to the sun.
Search for life in our (1) solar system and (2) Milky Way Galaxy
How life has and is now impacting our earth
Psychrophilic (cold-adapted) microorganisms make a major contribution
to Earth’s biomass and perform critical roles in global biogeochemical cycles.
The vast extent and environmental diversity of Earth’s cold biosphere
has selected for equally diverse microbial assemblages that can include archaea,
bacteria, eucarya, and viruses. Underpinning the important ecological
roles of psychrophiles are exquisite mechanisms of physiological adaptation.
Evolution has also selected for cold-active traits at the level of molecular
adaptation, and enzymes from psychrophiles are characterized by specific
structural, functional, and stability properties. These characteristics of enzymes
from psychrophiles not only manifest in efficient low-temperature
activity, but also result in a flexible protein structure that enables biocatalysis
in nonaqueous solvents. In this review, we examine the ecology of Antarctic
psychrophiles, physiological adaptation of psychrophiles, and properties of
cold-adapted proteins, and we provide a view of how these characteristics
inform studies of astrobiology.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithyg2nightmarescribd
Have you ever wanted a Ruby client API to communicate with your web service? Smithy is a protocol-agnostic language for defining services and SDKs. Smithy Ruby is an implementation of Smithy that generates a Ruby SDK using a Smithy model. In this talk, we will explore Smithy and Smithy Ruby to learn how to generate custom feature-rich SDKs that can communicate with any web service, such as a Rails JSON API.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
12. Works Cited
Ford, Mary S. (Jesse). “A 10 000-Yr History of Natural Ecosystem Acidification.” Ecological Monographs 60.1 (1990): 57–89. JSTOR. Web. 29 Oct. 2013.
Goeij, Jasper M. de, and Fleur C. van Duyl. “Coral Cavities Are Sinks of Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC).” Limnology and Oceanography 52.6 (2007): 2608–2617.
Print.
Hoegh-Guldberg, O. et al. “Coral Reefs Under Rapid Climate Change and Ocean Acidification.” Science 318.5857 (2007): 1737–1742. www.sciencemag.org. Web. 5
Nov. 2013.
Kiessling, Wolfgang, and Carl Simpson. “On the Potential for Ocean Acidification to Be a General Cause of Ancient Reef Crises.” Global Change Biology 17.1
(2011): 56–67. EBSCOhost. Web. 5 Nov. 2013.
Kroeker, Kristy J. et al. “Meta-analysis Reveals Negative yet Variable Effects of Ocean Acidification on Marine Organisms.” Ecology Letters 13.11 (2010): 1419–
1434. Wiley Online Library. Web. 5 Nov. 2013.
Lebrato, M. et al. “From the Arctic to the Antarctic: The Major, Minor, and Trace Elemental Composition of Echinoderm Skeletons: Ecological Archives E094-127.”
Ecology 94.6 (2013): 1434. Print.
Mcleod, Elizabeth et al. “Preparing to Manage Coral Reefs for Ocean Acidification: Lessons from Coral Bleaching.” Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 11.1
(2012): 20–27. ESA Journals. Web. 29 Oct. 2013.
13. Works Cited (continued)
Nikolaidis, Nikolaos P. et al. “Global Climate Change and Acidic Deposition.” Research Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation 63.4 (1991): 735–746.
Print.
Orr, James C. et al. “Anthropogenic Ocean Acidification over the Twenty-first Century and Its Impact on Calcifying Organisms.” Nature 437.7059 (2005): 681–686.
www.nature.com. Web. 29 Oct. 2013.
Pandolfi, John M. “The Paleoecology of Coral Reefs.” Coral Reefs: An Ecosystem in Transition. Ed. Zvy Dubinsky and Noga Stambler. Dordrecht: Springer
Netherlands, 2011. 13–24. CrossRef. Web. 29 Oct. 2013.
Ries, Justin B., Anne L. Cohen, and Daniel C. McCorkle. “Marine Calcifiers Exhibit Mixed Responses to CO2-induced Ocean Acidification.” Geology 37.12 (2009):
1131–1134. geology.gsapubs.org. Web. 5 Nov. 2013.
Wood, Hannah L., John I. Spicer, and Stephen Widdicombe. “Ocean Acidification May Increase Calcification Rates, but at a Cost.” Proceedings of the Royal Society
B: Biological Sciences 275.1644 (2008): 1767–1773. rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org. Web. 5 Nov. 2013.
Zachos, James C. et al. “Rapid Acidification of the Ocean During the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum.” Science 308.5728 (2005): 1611–1615. www.
sciencemag.org. Web. 5 Nov. 2013.
