The document defines different sets of numbers:
1) Natural numbers (N) are positive whole numbers starting from 1. Whole numbers (W) include 0.
2) Integers (Z/I) include all natural numbers and their negatives.
3) Rational numbers (Q) are numbers that can be represented as p/q where p and q are integers, including all natural numbers, whole numbers, and integers.
4) Irrational numbers have non-terminating, non-repeating decimals like √3.
5) Real numbers (R) include all rational and irrational numbers.