This document discusses the history and origins of Mother's Day. It explains that the idea of honoring mothers on a special day dates back to ancient civilizations like Egypt, Greece and Rome. The Egyptians celebrated a day honoring Isis, the mother of the pharaohs. Later, Christians celebrated a day honoring Mary, mother of Jesus. The English expanded this to honor all mothers, calling it Mothering Sunday. However, when English colonists came to America they did not continue the tradition due to lack of time.

1. UMST-English
department
Motwakel Alaraki

2. Writing skills
Revising and Editing

3. It has been said that there is no
good writing , only good rewriting.

4. – What can you do when you revise your writing ?
– You can
– Add new ideas or more specific
– Eliminate irrelevant sentences
– Rearrange ideas to improve organization .
– why do need to revise our writing?
– To support cohesion (unity), coherence

5. –Pair work
–Its helpful to ask someone else to read your
written work for proof reading .

6. Editing
When you edit a written work you check to make sure that the
grammar , spelling , capitalization , and punctuation
here are some essential things to check
Punctuation
Period .
Use period at the end of a statement :
Argentina’s economy is mix of agriculture and industry .

7. – 2 use period with most abbreviation :
– MR. MRS. M.A. …..ect
– Question mark :
– ?
–Comma ,
– Use comma to separate word or phrase in series
– The sea around Antarctica is home to dolphins , porpoises , whales , seals
and other creature .

8. – Use comma to separate independent clauses joined by
coordinating conjunction :
– We left in plenty of time , but we still missed the bus.
– Use a comma after many introductory phrases or clauses:
– Working late into the night , I drank several cups of strong
coffee .
– Use a comma before direct quote :
– Christina said ,
– Use a comma between the day of the month and the year :
– August 15, 1987.

9. – COLON :
– Use colon to introduce a series :
– consumer products can be classified into three
categories : convenience products , shopping
products ……
– Use colon to introduce a long formal quotation :
– Writing about his life , British philosopher said: ‘’
……………”

10. – Use colon to separate hours from minutes
– 5:43
– Use colon after salutation in a formal letter
– dear Dr. who :
– Quotation marks
use quotations marks to enclose a direct quote :
“ ”

11. – CAPITALIZATION
– The following rules summarize the main use of
capitalization in English . If you are not sure when to
capitalize use your dictionary as reference .
– Capitalize the first word of a sentence :
– Capitalize the name of racial and ethnic groups
– African - Asian - ….
– Capitalize all proper nouns and names . Capitalize
the title that precedes a name , for example Dr. Ali

12. – Capitalize the name of specific geographical locations
including country , cities , rivers , seas streets, and
mountains.
– Capitalize days of the week , months ,and holidays .
– Capitalize the names of religions .
– Capitalize nationalities and languages.
– Capitalize all words in a title except articles , prepositions
, and conjunctions unless they are the first or last word
in a title .

13. Sentence fragment
– Every sentence in English must have subject
and verb , . It must also must express complete
thought. Complete sentence can stand alone .
That is , it makes sense by itself . If sentence
lacks either a subject or a verb or is not
complete thought, it called a sentence
fragment.

14. – for example
– Lack – of- subject fragment
– Did very well on her math exam .
– Lack – of- verb fragment
– Both john and his friend
– Dependent clause fragment
– before I went to college ,

15. – Run - on sentences
– A run on sentence occurs when two complete
sentences are written as one sentence .
– For example
– Sally loves cooking she is always goes to kitchen .
– How can we correct such mistake
– 1- use punctuation
– 2- use coordinating conjunction
– 3- Use subordinating conjunction

16. Agreement of subjects and verbs
– Subjects that are joined by and usually
take a plural verbs
– My friend and I were late for class
– Subjects that are joined by or and nor

17. – the idea of Mother’s Day is a very old idea. this idea dates back to the
ancient egyptians, who celebrate a day to honor Isis the mother of the
pharaohs. The egyptians were not the only ones who feeled the need to
honor their mothers. The ancient greeks celebrated a day to honor Rhea,
the mother of the gods. The Romans built a temple to the mother of the
gods named Magna Mater. they also hold a celebration every March in
her honor. The early christians celebrates a day to honoring Mary the
mother of Jesus. Later, english Christians expanded the celebration to
honor all mothers. This English holiday was called “Mothering Sunday.”
When the english colonists come to america, they did not had time for
Mothering Sunday, so the holiday was not celebrate in America

18. – The idea of Mother’s Day is a very old idea. This idea dates back to the
ancient Egyptians, who celebrated a day to honor Isis, the mother of the
pharaohs. The Egyptians were not the only ones who felt the need to
honor their mothers. The ancient Greeks celebrated a day to honor Rhea,
the mother of the gods. The Romans built a temple to the mother of the
gods, named Magna Mater. They also held a celebration every March in
her honor. The early Christians celebrated a day to honor Mary, the
mother of Jesus. Later, English Christians expanded the celebration to
honor all mothers. This English holiday was called “Mothering Sunday.”
When the English colonists came to America, they did not have time for
Mothering Sunday, so the holiday was not celebrated in America.