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Nucleic acids
1. Dr. Kumbhare Manoj Ramesh
Professor,
Head Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
S.M.B.T. College of Pharmacy, Dhamangaon
Tal- Igatpuri Dist. Nashik (M.S.).
mrkumbhare@rediffmail.com
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Nucleic Acids – DNA Structure
2. Learning Objectives
On successful completion of the topic leaner
should able to –
What are Nucleic acids?
-structure of DNA.
-How DNA carries the genetic information of a
cell ?
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3. Contents
Nucleic acids?
- structure of DNA.
- DNA carries the genetic information of a cell ?
Watson and Crick double helix Model
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4. What are Nucleic acids?
Nucleic acids which are very important
components of the functioning of a cell.
Primarily DNA functions and we will try to
understand the structure of DNA.
DNA carries the genetic information of a cell and
what happens is that this genetic information
needs to be transferred to RNA which is then
subsequently transferred to proteins.
4
5. 5
Deoxycytidine
DNA also has primary, secondary and tertiary structures.
So while proteins have about 20 building blocks which
are 20 amino acids, DNA has only 4.
That is deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine,
deoxycytidine, and deoxythymidine,
7. 7
Ncleoside building
block are joined
together is through
what is known as
phosphate groups. So
here is the phosphate
group, here is a
structure of
nucleoside. For
example, the
analogue of thymine.
And the way it is
linked is through a
phosphate diester.
8. DNA have only a minor
role to play in cell
biochemistry because
being such a simple
molecule with only
minimum amount of
variation how is it that
achieve complexity which
is present inside the cell.
This mystery is solved if
one looks at the secondary
structure of DNA.
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10. Double helix has a major groove and a minor groove.
And these are important when, in terms of, when we
are looking at certain anti-cancer drugs which are
known as intercalators. We will discuss this in detail
later on in the course. But what these do is that they
can go and bind to the major groove or the minor
groove and prevent or destabilize the DNA, and
prevent the cancer cell from replicating.
11. References
Cox M, Nelson D (2008). Principles of Biochemistry. Susan Winslow.
p. 288. ISBN 9781464163074.
"DNA Structure". What is DNA. Linda Clarks. Retrieved 6 August 2016.
Lander ES, Linton LM, Birren B, Nusbaum C, Zody MC, Baldwin J, et al.
(February 2001). "Initial sequencing and analysis of the human
genome" (PDF). Nature. 409(6822): 860–
921. Bibcode:2001Natur.409..860L. doi:10.1038/35057062. PMID 11237011.
Venter JC, Adams MD, Myers EW, Li PW, Mural RJ, Sutton GG, et al. (February
2001). "The sequence of the human genome". Science. 291 (5507): 1304–
51. Bibcode:2001Sci...291.1304V. doi:10.1126/science.1058040. PMID 11181995.
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