Drug discovery Phases

1. Dr. Kumbhare Manoj R.
Professor
S.M.B.T. College of Pharmacy
Dhamangaon Nashik (M.S.).
Drug Discovery

2. For the past 20 years target-based drug discovery has been the main
research paradigm used by the pharmaceutical industry and
billions of dollars have been invested into this approach.
Drug discovery approaches
Drug discovery can essentially follow two different approaches
1. The physiology-based (or phenotypic) approach.
On the basis of information about diseases and existing treatments,
one or more screening models.
2.The target-based approach. On the basis of information about
diseases, biological mechanisms and existing treatments, the
researcher decides to develop a drug that affects a specific target
and with a specific mode-of-action.
2
Drug discovery

3. Drug discovery
Multi-stage process
Identification of target
Lead generation,
Lead optimization,
Preclinical evaluation
Clinical testing
New medicine
Industry/ Researchers : Significant challenge
3

4. Drug Discovery Process
• Small Molecules
– Natural products
fermentation broths
plant extracts
animal fluids (e.g., snake venoms)
– Synthetic products
Project medicinal chemistry derived
Combinatorial chemistry derived
• Biologicals
– Natural products (isolation)
– Recombinant products
4

5. Drug Development Process:
Discovery-Approval
Time (yr): 4 2 1.5 2 3.5 1
#’s: 30,000 2000 200 40 12 8
Drug Development Process-
• 10-15 years
• 800-1300 million dollars
• 0.003% chance of a return on investment (1/30,000) 5