This document provides information about radiation hazards and prevention. It defines radiation and lists examples. Nuclear radiation can ionize molecules and cause cell death, leading to both short and long term health effects like cancer. Sources of radiation include natural (cosmic, radon, earth's crust) and artificial (environmental, industries) sources. Several nuclear disasters are described along with charts showing deaths and injuries. Prevention methods are outlined like minimizing exposure, shielding, surveillance, and protective equipment. Radiation safety is important for diagnostic and nuclear facilities.

1. NIBHA INSTITUTE OF
PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES(NIPS)
(HOSPITAL PHARMACY)
(NUCLEAR PHARMACY)

2. PRESENTATION ON: RADIATION HAZARDS
& ITS PREVENTION
(PRESENTATION FROM) (PRESENTATION TO)
VIKASH KUMAR DR. M.A JAHANGIR
19109161060 DEAN (NIPS)

3. RADIATION
RADIATIONS can be described as energy or particles from a
source that travel through space or other mediums.
This energy has an electric field and a magnetic field associated
with it.
 Examples of Radiation:-
1. Ultraviolet light from the sun.
2. Heat from a stone burner.
3. Sound waves from the stereo.
4. Micro waves from a microwave oven.

4. RADIATION HAZARDS
Nuclear Radiations are harmful for humans because of their ionizing
power which change the structure of molecules in a living cell.
This can cause death of cell and even of organism.
 EFFECTS OF RADIATIONS:-
1. Short term that appear within a matter of minutes, days, or
weeks.
2. Long term that appears for decades, or even generations later.

5.  Risks of Radiation Hazards:-
1. High levels of Radiation can cause acute health effects such as skin
burns and Acute Radiation Syndrome.
2. Somatic effects – Harmful to the person.
3. Genetic effects – Reflected in the offspring.
4. It can result in long term health effects such as cancer and
cardiovascular disease (like Coronary artery Disease and Congestive
heart failure).

6. Types of Radiation:-
1. Alpha Radiation.
2. Beta Radiation.
3. Gamma Radiation.
4. X-Rays Radiation.
5. Neutron Radiation.

7.  Sources of Natural Radiation:-
1. Cosmic Radiation.
2. Radon.
3. Earth’s Crust.
 Sources of Artificial Radiation:-
1. Environmental Radiation.
2. Nuclear and other industries.

8. Disasters caused due to Radiations:
1. Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki – World war II, 1945.
Source: atomicarchive.com
255000
66000 69000
135000
195000
39000
25000
64000
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
Pre-raid population Dead Injured Total Casualities
TOTAL CASUALITIES CHART
Hiroshima Nagasaki

9. Disasters caused due to Radiations:
2. Chernobyl Disaster, Ukraine – April 26, 1986.
Source:en.m.Wikipedia.org
0
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000
700000
800000
Pre-raid
population
Deaths Injuries Total Casualities
Column1 800000 27000 600000 627000
800000
27000
600000
627000
TOTAL CASUALITIES CHART

10. Disasters caused due to Radiations:
3. Fukushima Daiichi nuclear Disaster, March 11, 2011.
Source:world-nuclear.org
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
Pre-raid population Deaths Injured Total Casualities
Series 1 400000 2203 15504 17707
400000
2203
15504 17707
TOTAL CASUALITIES CHART

11. Disasters caused due to Radiations:
4. Kyshtym Russia, (MAYAK), September 29, 1957.
Source:world-nuclear.org
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
Pre-raid
Population
Deaths Injured Total Casualities
Series 1 270000 5748 266 6014
270000
5748 266 6014
TOTAL CASUALITIES CHART

12. Disasters caused due to Radiations:
5. Wind scale Fire (Sellafield), U.K 1957.
Source:en.m.Wikipedia.org
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Injuries Deaths Total Casualities
Series 1 380 240 620
380
240
620
TOTAL CASUALITIES CHART

13. Radiation Dosage chart:
Source:nextbigfuture.com/2011/03/radiation-chart.html

14.  Prevention from Radiation Hazards.
1. Use of minimum radiation exposure compatible with the
procedures which provides adequate diagnostic information.
2. Shielding of the personnel and patient from unwanted radiation
exposure.
3. Regular Surveillance of the concern department for Radiation
levels.
4. Use of protective Equipment like:
a) Respiratory protective equipment.
b) Protective clothing.
5. Evacuation should be done as quickly as possible.

15.  Conclusion:-
Radiation safety is a major concern in this modern era of
Diagnostic and therapeutic Radiology and Nuclear
protection is an integral component of the working
infrastructure of any radiology and nuclear medicine
department.
The main principles of Radiation protection are to provide
adequate protection from undue exposure of Radiation.

16. THANK YOU
THANK YOU