The most important environmental legislation in Romania establishes the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change and the National Agency for Environmental Protection as the key institutions. The Agency works on strategic environmental planning, monitoring environmental factors, authorizing activities affecting the environment, and implementing environmental law and policy. Several laws address issues like protection of the marine environment, waste management, radioactive waste, environmental protection in mountain areas, and establishing forest protection curtains. Non-governmental organizations also play a role in dealing with environmental issues in Romania.
Environmental Protection and Environmental Protection Agencies In NigeriaSharfaddeen Ilah
Lecture notes on Environmental Protection and Environmental Protection Agencies. Covering the international history of environmental protection and in nigeria as well. Finally looking at some EPA's in Nigeria both at the state and national levels.
Environmental Protection and Environmental Protection Agencies In NigeriaSharfaddeen Ilah
Lecture notes on Environmental Protection and Environmental Protection Agencies. Covering the international history of environmental protection and in nigeria as well. Finally looking at some EPA's in Nigeria both at the state and national levels.
* This Topic paper is the working paper based on the joint Baltic SCOPE exercise and cannot be treated as the official opinion of the European Commission and Member States involved.
Read more on: www.balticscope.eu
MAB-IHP Regional Symposium: Managing Water Resources in Biosphere Reserves in...UNESCO Venice Office
Gabriela Morozov, Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve, Romania
Venice, 16-17 December 2021
Overall responsibility for the views and opinions expressed in the slides is taken by the authors
Related Legislation | Crown Capital Eco Management Jakarta Indonesiaackleyalbion
Featuring an authoritative source of legislation across the world that deals with environment preservation through promulgating policies on sanctions, regulations, authorizations and restrictions on natural resources.
Maritime Rules, Regulations and Codes
International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL)
The world’s oceans provide us with 50% of our oxygen and abundant natural life, pleasure, food, exploration and a means of travel and commerce. Until the middle of the 20th century, it was believed that the oceans were so vast, they had an unlimited ability to dilute and render any pollution harmless, so rivers and oceans became a dumping ground for anything from sewage to chemical plant run-off.
Simultaneously, there was a growing understanding of the human impact and damaging effects that bad practices in shipping were having on the marine environment. In 1948, the United Nations established the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to ensure “Safe, Secure and Efficient Shipping on Clean Oceans”. From 1954, they became custodians of OILPOL 54, tackling oil pollution from routine operations such as cargo tank cleaning.
However, an increase in tanker size and number of voyages saw many tragic accidents in the 1950’s and 1960’s. As a result, crude oil and pollutants were released into the oceans in unprecedented amounts.
In March 1967, navigational problems led to the supertanker Torrey Canyon running aground on the Seven Stones Reef off the Isles of Scilly. Salvage attempts failed and the ship broke in two, spilling her entire cargo of 119,000 tonnes of crude oil. The Royal Navy attempted to mitigate the damage by bombing the ship and igniting the oil with napalm. They failed and the slick spread over 270 square miles, killing millions of sea organisms and some 200,000 birds - polluting the delicate coastline.
The scale of this disaster galvanised the international community to demand change, leading to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), adopted in November 1973 at the IMO. These regulations covered the prevention of pollution in the marine environment caused by ships through operational or accidental causes.
There are currently 6 Annexes to MARPOL in force.
Annex I provides regulation for prevention of pollution by oil. Originally, this included requirements for new oil tankers to be fitted with segregated ballast tanks. The devastating effect of the Exxon Valdez oil spill in Alaska meant that since 1996, new tankers are built with a double hull, creating a buffer around the oil in case of a casualty. Ships also now have tanks to store waste oil and efficient water separators to clean contaminated water from oil before it is discharged into the sea.
Annex II regulates the control of pollution by Noxious Liquid Substance in bulk. It details how 250 listed chemicals should be kept, stored, and discharged at reception facilities ashore, instead of the sea.
Annex III provides regulation to prevent pollution by harmful substances carried at sea in packaged form. It requires all harmful substances to be clearly labelled and survivability of containers lost overboard of up to
2. The institutions:
O Ministry of Environment O National Agency for
and Climate Change Environmental Protection
works for:
O ordinance O strategic environmental
O regulation planning;
O order O monitoring environmental
factors;
O decision O authorize activities affecting
O protocol the environment;
O implementation of
O emergency ordinance environmental law and policy
O convention at national and local levels;
O European Environment Agency
O directive reports on the following areas:
air quality, climate
change, protected areas, soil
contamination, water.
3. The shore of the Black
Sea
The law of
protection of the
marine environment
According to the laws in force is prohibited the pollution of any kind of
internal waters, territorial sea and exclusive economic zone, as well as the
atmosphere above them, by any way or means, such as: the
discharge, dumping, sinking or the release of ships or other floating plants or
submersibles, fixed on the aircraft, as well as by the sources on the shore of non
degradable substances or waste, toxic, radioactive, hydrocarbons and other harmful
substances, harmful or dangerous to human health or to the flora and fauna of the
sea, or other residues or materials that may damage the Romanian Coast or create
barriers to legitimate uses of the sea.
4. The law of communal and urban
grasslands
Communal and urban grasslands
are those meadows are privately owned
administrative - territorial
units, acquired through sale-purchase
contracts, by donation, redemption, by
the law of appropriation and dring
fusion.
Mountain and marsh meadows and
grazed gaps mountains, pastures situated
in the mountain region, forest region and
pastures grazed forest and the
floodplains of rivers located in the
Danube Valley belong to the state public
domain.
Meadows will be assigned to the
livestock farmers, individuals and legal
persons, organisations or local
associations of local livestock
farmers, for legally established flocks or
herds of animals during grazing.
5. The law of radioactive waste and nuclear
spent fuel
The import of
radioactive waste and
nuclear fuel burned is
prohibited.
Any environmental
release must be
controlled and
limited, so exposures of
persons should be
maintained at the
lowest level reasonably
practicable, taking into
account economic and
social factors.
Cernavoda nuclear plant
6. The law of waste management
This law establishes the
measures necessary for
the protection of the
environment and the
health of the
population, by
preventing or reducing
the adverse impacts of
the generation and
management of waste
and by reducing overall
impacts of resource use
and increase the
effectiveness of their use.
7. The law of environmental protection and
development of mountain
Agricultural producers in the mountain area benefit from financial
support from the State according to the legislation in force. In the
preparation of projects and plans for the management of protected
natural areas territorial planning documentation will be taken into
account and relevant experts will be involved in the most valuable urban
and natural planning.
8. The law of identification of areas for forest
protection curtains and the establishment of them
Forest protection curtains of
agricultural land will be established in the
areas of the Romanian Plain, the plain of
the Danube, the Danube and Dobrogea
Plateau, often affected by phenomena of
drought.
Forest protection curtains of
communication and transportation are
set up on frequently affected portions
of massive deposits of snow.
9. Not only institutions but also NGOs and
associations are dealing with the
environment:
O The ”Water for life” association
O The ”PRO GREEN TERRA”
association
O The ”ECOZONE ROMANIA”
association
O The ”Save the Danube Delta”
association
O The ”ASSERVO FONTANUM”
association
O The ”GREEN TEAM” association
O And more other …………
10. In conclusion:
O National Environmental Protection Agency
is intended to act for ensuring a healthy
population in harmony with economic
development and social progress of
Romania.
O The NGOs help in maintaining the
environmental health.