This document summarizes the ingredients, composition, claims, and intended consumption situations of the NRG energy drink. It contains caffeine (32mg), taurine (40mg), glucuronolactone (10mg), various B vitamins, glucose, and sucrose. These ingredients are claimed to increase energy, concentration, metabolism, and mental/physical performance when consumed during activities like work, sports, driving, or partying. The document provides details on the natural presence and functions of the key ingredients and how they work together to provide lasting energy through their combination in the drink.
Things that make me go ohmnomnom. Also known as an awesome slide show.
For some background info, do visit: http://www.epic.nl/2013/03/15/awesome-slide-show/
PLEK is een netwerk van flexibele werkplekken bij de creatieve industrie. We vragen toffe bureaus van Nederland én België om (één of) meerdere dagdelen per week een bureau, wifi en koffie beschikbaar te stellen.
Deze werkplekken geven wij op onze beurt weer uit aan creatief zelfstandigen. Je weet wel, wijsneuzen die alles beter weten. Grafische bazen, digitale goeroes, fotografen, taalvirtuozen, name it. Maar ze hebben allemaal één ding gemeen: talent voor wat ze doen.
Why do we teach our kids to speak anyway? Why teach speaking?
Disclaimer: Most of the contents of this slideshow do not belong to me. Copyright still belongs to the original authors. I just compiled them.
In the last decade, new classes of devices for accessing information have emerged along with increased connectivity. In parallel to the proliferation of these devices, new interaction styles have been explored. One major problem is the restrictive human machine interface like gloves, magnetic trackers, and head mounted displays. Such interfaces with excessive connections are hampering the interactivity. This presentation introduces a method to develop a robust computer vision module to capture and recognise the human gestures using a regular video camera and use the full potential of these gestures in a user friendly graphical environment.
Comparative grammar is used to compare the grammar of one language with the grammar of other languages to pinpoint the similarities and thus revealing their relationship to each other.
Things that make me go ohmnomnom. Also known as an awesome slide show.
For some background info, do visit: http://www.epic.nl/2013/03/15/awesome-slide-show/
PLEK is een netwerk van flexibele werkplekken bij de creatieve industrie. We vragen toffe bureaus van Nederland én België om (één of) meerdere dagdelen per week een bureau, wifi en koffie beschikbaar te stellen.
Deze werkplekken geven wij op onze beurt weer uit aan creatief zelfstandigen. Je weet wel, wijsneuzen die alles beter weten. Grafische bazen, digitale goeroes, fotografen, taalvirtuozen, name it. Maar ze hebben allemaal één ding gemeen: talent voor wat ze doen.
Why do we teach our kids to speak anyway? Why teach speaking?
Disclaimer: Most of the contents of this slideshow do not belong to me. Copyright still belongs to the original authors. I just compiled them.
In the last decade, new classes of devices for accessing information have emerged along with increased connectivity. In parallel to the proliferation of these devices, new interaction styles have been explored. One major problem is the restrictive human machine interface like gloves, magnetic trackers, and head mounted displays. Such interfaces with excessive connections are hampering the interactivity. This presentation introduces a method to develop a robust computer vision module to capture and recognise the human gestures using a regular video camera and use the full potential of these gestures in a user friendly graphical environment.
Comparative grammar is used to compare the grammar of one language with the grammar of other languages to pinpoint the similarities and thus revealing their relationship to each other.
GVM presents Fitness Coffee, Fitness Tea and Fitness Barley, the new patented Italian products aiding in diet and in weight loss with same methods of preparation of traditional coffees.
A presentation for New Directions: Adult Learning at North Eastern University. The presentation is part one of four on the topic of nutrition for endurance athletes.
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NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
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These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
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TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
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Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
2. Composition & Ingredients
NRG(content 100 ml) contains:
• Key Ingredients
– Taurine 40 mg
– Glucuronolactone 10 mg
– Caffeine 32 mg
• Ingredients
– Charbohydrate 11 g
– Glucose 11 g
– Inositol 10 mg
• Vitamins
– Niacinamide 1.6 mg
– Vitamin B6 0.14mg
– Pantothenic Acid 1.2 mg
– Vitamin B12 0.25 ug
• Additives
– Citric Acid
– Natural & artificial flavours
– Colour (caramel, riboflavin)
Product
All the ingredients in NRG Energy Drink, other than
caffeniene, are naturally present in the human
body
3. • TAURINE
(40 mg per 100 ml serving unit)
– Amino Acid (non protein building)
• Natural constituent of the human body.
• Present in human nutrition e.g. scallops, fish, poultry.
• Added to most baby-food. (Nestle Nan)
– Function
• Stress-regulation
• Detoxifying function
• Increases performance of the heart
– Side Effect of Excess Content above permissible quantity
• Blood thinning,
• Changes to heart rate or rhythm
• Extremely low blood sugar.
• Digestive problems and dehydration also might be a result of
excess, and it can interact with drugs, particularly lithium.
• Doctors usually recommend that pregnant or breastfeeding
women not take this substance as a supplement, just to be
safe.
Composition & Ingredients
4. • GLUCURONOLACTONE
(10 mg per serving unit)
– Carbohydrate
• Natural constituent of the human body.
• Present in human nutrition e.g. red wine,
grain.
– Function
• Detoxifying function
Product
Composition & Ingredients
5. • CAFFEINE
(32 mg per serving unit)
– A substance that naturally occurs in plants
– Function
• Stimulating effect on the cardiovascular system
• Stimulating effect on the brain
• Stimulates fat burning
– helps to preserve the bodies glycogen stores
Product
Composition & Ingredients
6. • VITAMINS
– Niacin: 1.6mg per serving unit
– Vitamin B6. 0.14mg per serving unit
– Vitamin B12-: 0.25 mg per serving unit
– Pantothenic acid: 1.2 mg per serving unit
– Vitamin B12: 0.25 mg per serving unit
• Essential molecules for the body (Kellogs & Nestle Nan)
– Function
• Maintaining normal physical functions and metabolic reactions (build-up
and break-down of carbohydrates, fats and proteins)
– Side Effect of extra doses of Inositol
Inositol is safe for consumption. Large doses of over 10 g/day has been
reported to cause mild gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea,
diarrhoea, and flatulence.
Product
Composition & Ingredients
7. • SUGARS
– Glucose:
• Fast-burning sugar
• Function: protecting the muscle´s own
immediate reserves of glycogen
– Sucrose:
• Slow-burning sugar
• Function: providing energy if the body´s
reserves of glycogen are already exhausted.
Product
Composition & Ingredients
8. How the key Ingredients work together?
Q-NRG is a combination of ingredients:
1. Taurine+Glucuronolactone – detoxify the body
2. Caffeine - gives the initial stimulating effect
3. Combination of glucose and sucrose give the lasting
effect(usually burnt off over a two hour period)
10. • NRG energy drink is all about
– efficiency i.e. getting more out of what you do (driving/ studying/
working/ clubbing etc.)
• not thirst quenching
• not taste
• NRG is all about FUNCTIONALITY
Claims and positioning
11. Claims and positioning
• NRG-
– Increases physical endurance
– Increases concentration and reaction speed
– Improves mental alertness
– Stimulates metabolism and helps to eliminate waste substances
from the body
– Improves overall feeling of well-being / Improves the emotional
status.
Product
12. Studies
• Every claim is based on sound scientific
evidence
• The claims are always made for the product,
not for single ingredients
13. NRG-Energy Drink Consumption
• KEY CONSUMPTION SITUATIONS
– at work
– while driving
– during sports
– while partying
– as a coffee substitute
• Whenever you need additional energy!
• Red Bull’s effects have been recognized by world class athletes, busy professionals,
active students and long-distance drivers around the world.
Consumer/Shopper
14. NRG-Energy Dink Consumption
• CONSUMPTION VARIETY
Competition/Sport
Leisure time activities
Coffee substitute
Hangover cure
Keeps me awake
Office / meetings
Hard physical work
After-work revitaliser
Driving
Studying / exams
Welcome cocktail
Dancing / partying
15. NRG- Consumption
• NRG CONSUMPTION OCCASIONS
NRG fulfills a consumer need by delivering functional benefits across a wide spectrum
of usage occasions.
Other
12% At Party/Bar
17%
Driving
8%
School/Studying
15%
Work
24%
Sports
11%
Working out
13%
Consumer/Shopper