2. Each element is pure, it has its own
unique type of atom, which is
identified by its atomic number.
(1 – 118)
Everything is made up from these
elements or combinations thereof

3. The smallest particle of an element
is an atom.
 The atom is the basic building block
of matter
 It usually has no electric charge or
has a neutral charge
 The atom is actually mostly empty
space!

4. The atom consists of 3 subatomic
particles that differ in their
location, electrical charge and
relative mass.
▪Proton
▪ Neutron
▪Electron

5. The Proton
 Found in the nucleus of the atom.
The largest particle, almost equal
in mass to the Neutron.
It is a positively charged particle
(P+
)

6. The Neutron
 Also found in the nucleus.
Almost equal in mass to the
Proton.
It has no charge (N0
) it is NEUTRAL

7. The Electron
 Found outside the nucleus in the
”Electron Cloud” and also in the
outermost energy level “The Valence”
 Much smaller than the proton or
neutron, having almost no mass.
 It is negatively charged (E-
)

8. Show Videos on Atoms

9.  The outer energy
level electrons for
each type of atom.
Number from 1 – 8.
 They create a type
of “shell” around the
atom that allows for
atomic bonding.

10. Isotopes
 Atoms of the same element can have
different numbers of neutrons; the
different possible versions of the atom
of an element are called isotopes
 Written as a symbol and a number i.e.
C 14 is an isotope of carbon called
Carbon 14

11. Ions
▪Atoms which gain electrons will have
a negative (-) charge and become
negative ions.
▪Atoms which lose electrons will have
a positive (+) charge and become
positive ions.