The document presents the findings of a study on the perception, knowledge and attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine in the Bambili community in Cameroon. It includes an introduction describing the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccine development. The methods section outlines a cross-sectional study of 300 participants assessing perception, knowledge and factors affecting vaccine uptake. The results found most participants had a neutral perception of the vaccine, while 41% had good knowledge and the same percentage had a positive attitude. Common factors influencing vaccine acceptance included health status, advice from doctors and knowledge of side effects.

1. REPUBLIQUE DU CAMEROUN
……………………………………………
Paix- Travail- Patrie
……………………………………
UNIVERSITE DU BAMENDA
…………………………………..
FACULTE DES SCIENCES DE LA SANTE
……………………………………...
BAMBILI, BAMENDA
REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON
……………………………………………
Peace- Work- Fatherland
……………………………………
THE UNIVERSITY OF BAMENDA
…………………………………..
FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES
……………………………………...
BAMBILI, BAMENDA
OPTION: COMMUNITY HEALTH
PERCEPTION, KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF THE COVID 19 VACCINE IN
THE BAMBILI COMMUNITY
PRESENTED BY
NIBAFU NORALINE PHONJAM (B.Sc in Nursing)
Registration number UBa20HP113
SUPERVISOR
PROF. GERALD NGO TEKE
SEPTEMBER 2022 1

2. PRESENTATION OUTLINE
 INTRODUCTION
 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
 RESEARCH QUESTION
 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
 MATERIALS AND METHODS
 RESULTS
 DISCUSSIONS
 CONCLUSIONS
 RECOMMENDATIONS
2

3. INTRODUCTION 1/2
 The coronavirus disease (COVID- 19) pandemic is a global health issue that has
serious impact on the international community.
In January 2020, it was declared a global health emergency of international concern
by the World Health Organization (WHO).
The coronavirus pandemic has rapidly spread throughout the world, hampering
economic activities.
COVID-19 primarily affects the respiratory system with a range of symptoms from
mild rhinorrhea to severe respiratory distress syndrome
3

4. INTRODUCTION 2/2
The virus is generally more fatal for the elderly and those with a history of
comorbidities.
Its transmission COVID-19 is reported to occur when infected respiratory droplets are
expelled during close face-to-face contact.
 In the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, Cameroon was among the top five
countries in sub-Saharan Africa and the first in central Africa in terms of number of
confirmed cases.
Cameroon on Friday, March 6 2020 confirmed the first case of the Coronavirus in the
country and a month after, more than 1000 people have been infected. 4

5. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 1/2
In the early times of the COVID-19 pandemic, the development of an effective vaccine was
a mere hope.
Despite strong evidence that vaccines have proven to be highly effective at preventing both
infection and serious illness from COVID-19, a high percentage of people still express
hesitancy about it.
To achieve the necessary herd immunity to control viral transmission and stop the pandemic,
vaccinating more than 82% of the population is crucial and requires strong acceptance and
low hesitation levels throughout the population.
5

6. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 2/2
• Wide gaps in vaccine coverage between countries could potentially delay global control of the
pandemic.
• The current levels of willingness to accept a COVID-19 vaccine are insufficient to meet the
requirements for herd immunity.
• If vaccination hesitancy for SARSCOV is prevalent, then it is important to identify the
motivational roots (i.e., attitudes or reasons) underlying the reluctance and ways to address
these, hence; the purpose of this study is to assess the perception, knowledge, attitude, of the
COVID -19 vaccine.
6

7. RESEARCH QUESTION
MAIN RESEARCH QUESTION
• What is the knowledge attitude and
acceptance of the COVID- 19 vaccine
among the people of the Bambili
community?
SPECIFIC RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. How do the people of the Bambili community
perceive the COVID 19 vaccine?
2. What knowledge on COVID 19 vaccine do
the people of Bambili community have?
3. What is the attitude of the Bambili community
towards the COVID-19 vaccine?
4. What are the factors that affect covid vaccine
uptake in the Bambili community?
7

8. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
MAIN RESEARCH OBJECTIVE
• To investigate the knowledge
Perception and factors affecting
the COVID- 19 vaccine uptake by
the people of Bambili community
SPECIFIC RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
1. To describe the feelings/reactions of the Bambili community
towards COVID-19 vaccine.
2. To Determine the level of knowledge of the people of Bambili
community on COVID -19 vaccine.
3. To determine the attitude of the Bambili community towards the
COVID-19 vaccine.
4. To deduce the factors that affect COVID- 19 vaccine uptake in
the Bambili community.
8

9. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study will help to examine the related factors influencing the willingness to
receive COVID-19 vaccines, which can assist health services in developing
effective interventions to increase the vaccination rate.
This study provides insightful information on educational awareness about
COVID-19 infection and vaccination that can be implemented via an applicable
framework of governmental public health efforts.
9

10. MATERIALS AND METHODS 1/3
STUDY DESIGN
The study was a community
based descriptive cross-sectional
study
STUDY PERIOD
This study covered a period of 3 months from
March to July 2022
STUDY AREAAND SETTING
 Bambili is a locality of Cameroon, located in Tubah subdivision, Mezam division,
Northwest region.
 It is found between latitude 5 degrees north and longitude 10 degrees east. Bambili has an
altitude of about 1558 m above sea level. 5° 59' 0" North, 10° 15' 0" East.
10

11. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2/3
STUDY POPULATION
All inhabitants living in the Bambili
community
TARGET POPULATION
Individuals aged 18years and above living
in the Bambili community
INCLUSION CRITERIA
All males and females18 years and
above living in the Bambili and are
willing to participate by signing the
consent form
EXCLUSION CRITERIA
People with impaired memory or cognitive
function such that they could not understand
the question.
Parts with incomplete questionnaire
11

12. MATERIALS AND METHODS 3/3
SAMPLING METHOD
A probability sampling technique;
proportionate sampling was used.
The sample size was calculated
using Cochran`s formula as follows
𝑛
𝑍2
𝑝𝑞
𝑑2
SAMPLE SIZE DETERMINATION
STUDY PROCEDURE
 Ethical and administrative
procedure
 Invitation of participants
 Selection of participants
 Data collection procedure and tools
DATAANALYSIS AND
INTERPRETATION
Data from questionnaires was
entered into separate templates in
Excel version 10.
The data was exported into
SPSS version 25 for analyses
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
12

13. RESULTS
Perception of participants toward covid-19 vaccine
Question Response N %
Covid-19 vaccine may not be effective
Agree 139 46.3%
Undecided 74 24.7%
Disagree 87 29.0%
Covid-19 vaccine is known to have serious side effect
Agree 155 51.7%
Undecided 86 28.7%
Disagree 59 19.7%
Covid-19 vaccine should be given to everyone
Agree 161 53.7%
Undecided 55 18.3%
Disagree 84 28.0%
Vaccine Protects me from getting infected
Agree 202 67.3%
Undecided 54 18.0%
Disagree 44 14.7%
Scary information about Covid-19 vaccine are rampant on social media
Agree 224 74.7%
Undecided 41 13.7%
Disagree 35 11.7%
It will be difficult to get the vaccine in nearby clinics due to high demands
Agree 118 39.3%
Undecided 93 31.0%
Disagree 89 29.7%
Vaccines also protects other people who are vaccinated not
Agree 114 38.0%
Undecided 138 46.0%
Disagree 48 16.0%
After vaccination, I can live a normal life
Agree 147 49.0%
Undecided 125 41.7%
Disagree 28 9.3%
13

14. RESULTS
Overall perception of participants
Frequency Percent
Overall Perception
Agree 25 8.3
Neutral 237 79.0
Disagree 38 12.7
14

15. RESULTS
Knowledge of participants toward covid-19 vaccine
Frequency Percent
Overall Knowledge
Poor Knowledge 64 21.3
Average Knowledge 113 37.7
Good Knowledge 123 41.0
15

16. RESULTS
Association between socio-demographic data and Knowledge
on Covid-19 vaccine
Socio demograhic variables Poor Knowledge Average Knowledge Good Knowledge Chi
Square (χ2)
P
value
Age
18-29years 28(43.8%) 53(46.9%) 49(39.8%) 10.081 .259a
30-39years 26(40.6%) 30(26.5%) 47(38.2%)
40-49years 7(10.9%) 19(16.8%) 23(18.7%)
50-59years 2(3.1% 7(6.2%) 2(1.6%)
>61 1(1.6% 4(3.5%) 2(1.6%)
Gender
Male 41(64.1%) 68(60.2%) 58(47.2%) 6.371
.
041*
Female 23(35.9%) 45(39.8%) 65(52.8%)
Religion
Christianity 56(87.5%) 90(79.6%) (65.0%)
17.826 .007a,*
Islam 2(3.1%) 9(8.0%) (18.7%)
Protestant 6(9.4%) 9(8.0%) (11.4%)
Pegan 0(0.0%) 5(4.4%) 6(4.9%)
Level of Education
Primary 9(14.1%) 15(13.3%) 17(13.8%)
4.354 .360
Secondary 16(25.0%) 43(38.1%) 48(39.0%)
University 39(60.9%) 55(48.7%) 58(47.2%)
Occupation
Teacher 16(25.0%) 23(20.4%) 12(9.8%)
.002* 28.108
Health
professional
15(23.4%) 14(12.4%) 20(16.3%)
Farmer 4(6.2%) 26(23.0%) 29(23.6%)
Religious 2(3.1%) 8(7.1%) 16(13.0%)
Business Man 6(9.4%) 15(13.3%) 22(17.9%)
Other 21(32.8%) 27(23.9%) 24(19.5%)
Single 42(65.6%) 71(62.8%) 58(47.2%)
16

17. RESULTS
Attitude of participants toward covid-19 vaccine
Questions Response N %
It is not possible to find an effective vaccine that could protect against the
Covid-19?
Yes 146 48.7%
No 154 51.3%
Do you think you that you can get prevention from Covid-19 by vaccination
Yes 115 38.3%
No 69 23.0%
I don't know 116 38.7%
Do you think that the vaccines available on the market are safe
Yes 89 29.7%
No 124 41.3%
Maybe 87 29.0%
Do you think the vaccine is effective?
Yes 98 32.7%
No 97 32.3%
Maybe 105 35.0%
How much do you care about the vaccine related information
I don't care 52 17.3%
I care about every information
positive or not
215 71.7%
i am indifferent 33 11.0%
Are you willing to get vaccinated?
Yes 123 41.0%
No 177 59.0%
Will you take the vaccine if charged for it in future?
Yes 92 30.7%
No 108 36.0%
Maybe 100 33.3%
17

18. RESULTS
Factors affecting Covid-19 vaccine acceptance
20
20
15
30
6
40
10
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Health Status
Age
Free vaccine or Coverage by health…
Advice of your doctor
Duration of protection provided by…
Kniwledge of the possible side…
Opinion of your friends or family…
percentages
factors
affecting
vaccine
acceptance
18

19. CONCLUSION
 Overall, majority of the participants 237 (79.0%) had a fair perception,
38 participants representing 12.7% had a negative perception and 25(8.3%)
had a positive perception towards the covid 19 vaccine.
 In this study, the level of good knowledge, about the COVID -19 vaccine
was 41.0%, average knowlege 37.7% and poor knowledge 21.3%.
 While a percentage of 41.0%, had a positive attitude, towards the
COVID- 19 vaccine.
19

20. CONCLUSION
The following were the factors with the highest percentages that affect
COVID-19 vaccine uptake knowledge of the possible side effects,messages
from social media 59%,opinions from family members and friends 58%,were
the highest factors influencing non COVID-19 vaccine acceptance while
number of deaths due ti COVID-19 health status (64%) was the highest factors
that influenced participants decision to take COVID-19 vaccine.
20

21. RECOMMENDATIONS
 Authorities should fight rumor mongers and limit their negative impact on society,
 Proper Education of the media cadre about vaccines will be necessary in order to
involve them in urging people to take the vaccine and reassure public about the
vaccine’s effectiveness and side effects.
 Also, misinformation about negative effects of vaccine as well as fake news
concerning COVID -19 from irresponsible parties should be managed with a sanction
by the authorities.
Advocacy should be done in order to lobby stake holders into implementing some health
policies to reduce the risk of non-vaccine uptake
21

22. 22