This document provides tips for using a PowerPoint presentation on breast cancer. It recommends: 1) Freely editing and modifying the slides. 2) Not worrying about number of slides as many are blank except for titles. 3) Showing blank slides first to elicit student responses before presenting content. 4) Repeating this process of blank slide then content slide twice more for active learning. 5) Using the presentation also for self-study, with notes providing bibliography.

1. Tips on using my ppt.
1. You can freely download, edit, modify and put your
name etc.
2. Don’t be concerned about number of slides. Half the
slides are blanks except for the title.
3. First show the blank slides (eg. Aetiology ) > Ask
students what they already know about ethology of
today's topic. > Then show next slide which enumerates
aetiologies.
4. At the end rerun the show – show blank> ask questions >
show next slide.
5. This will be an ACTIVE LEARNING SESSION x
three revisions.
6. Good for self study also.
7. See notes for bibliography.

2. Learning Objectives

3. Learning Objectives
1. Introduction & History
2. Relevant Anatomy, Physiology
3. Aetiology
4. Pathophysiology
5. Pathology
6. Classification
7. Clinical Features
8. Investigations
9. Management
10. Prevention
11. Guidelines
12. Take home messages

4. Introduction & History.
•

5. Introduction & History.
• Carcinoma that doesn’t invade basement
membrane is call in-situ carcinoma .
• With increased use of mammography now
patient are presenting with these in greater
numbers.
• currently accounts for approximately 25%
of all newly diagnosed breast cancers in
west

6. Pathophysiology

7. Pathophysiology
• LCIS was initially believed to be a
malignant lesion, but is now regarded more
as a risk factor for the development of
breast cancer.
• outline of the normal lobule is maintained.

8. Pathophysiology
• The papillary and cribriform types of DCIS
are generally of lower grade
• The solid and comedo types of DCIS are
generally higher grade lesions.
• DCIS transforms into an invasive cancer.
• DCIS sometimes coexist with invasive
cancer.
• The calcifications seen on a mammogram
generally correspond to areas within the
central involved duct in which there is often
necrosis and debris.

9. Clinical Features
•

10. Clinical Features
• Demography
• Symptoms
• Signs
• Prognosis
• Complications

11. Demography

12. Demography
• DCIS, or intraductal cancer, currently
accounts for approximately 25% of all
newly diagnosed breast cancers,

13. Symptoms

14. Symptoms
• an area of clustered calcifications on a
screening mammogram, without an
associated palpable abnormality.
• Rarely, DCIS will be manifested as a
palpable mass
• Unilateral, single-duct nipple discharge.

15. Signs

16. Signs
• Rarely palpable lump/ Nipple discharge.

17. Prognosis

18. Prognosis
• DCIS is viewed as a precursor of invasive
ductal cancer.

19. Complications

20. Complications
• DCIS is viewed as a precursor of invasive
ductal cancer

21. Investigations

22. Investigations
• Laboratory Studies
– Routine
– Special
• Imaging Studies
• Tissue diagnosis
– Cytology
• FNAC
– Histology
– Germ line Testing and Molecular Analysis
• Diagnostic Laparotomy.

23. Investigations
• Laboratory Studies
– Routine
– Special
• Imaging Studies
• Tissue diagnosis
– Cytology
• FNAC
– Histlogy

24. Diagnostic Studies

25. Diagnostic Studies
Imaging Studies
• X-Ray- Mammography
• USG
• CT
• Angiography
• MRI
• Endoscopy
• Nuclear scan

26. Mammographic findings

27. Mammographic findings
• Clustered calcifications without an
associated density
• Calcifications coexisting with an associated
density
• Density alone .
• DCIS calcifications
– tend to cluster closely together
– are pleomorphic,
– and may be linear or branching, thus suggesting
their ductal origin.

28. Management

29. Management
• treatment aims to remove the DCIS to prevent
progression to invasive disease
• Because the risk for metastatic disease in patients
with DCIS without demonstrable invasion is rare
(<1%), systemic chemotherapy is not required.
• Hormonal therapy may be used for prevention of
new primary tumors and to improve local control
after breast-conserving therapy but is generally
only recommended when the DCIS is positive for
ER on immunohistochemistry.

30. Operative Therapy

31. Operative Therapy
• Treatment recommendations for an
individual patient with DCIS are based on
the extent of disease within the breast,
histologic grade, ER status, and presence of
microinvasion, as well as patient age and
preference.
• Treatment options for DCIS include
mastectomy, breast-conserving surgery with
irradiation, and breast-conserving surgery
alone.

32. Adjuvant aherapy
•

33. Adjuvant aherapy
• When the patient is treated with breast
conservation or unilateral mastectomy, there
is also the option of adjuvant hormonal
therapy with tamoxifen as risk reduction for
future breast cancers.

34. Get this ppt in mobile
1. Download Microsoft
PowerPoint from play
store.
2. Open Google assistant
3. Open Google lens.
4. Scan qr code from
next slide.

35. Get this ppt in mobile

36. Get my ppt collection
• https://www.slideshare.net/drpradeeppande/
edit_my_uploads
• https://www.dropbox.com/sh/x600md3cvj8
5woy/AACVMHuQtvHvl_K8ehc3ltkEa?dl
=0
• https://www.facebook.com/doctorpradeeppa
nde/?ref=pages_you_manage