The document discusses a workshop on real-time IoT using NodeMCU, covering the IoT ecosystem, its applications across various industries, and the layers of IoT architecture. It highlights the benefits of IoT, including connectivity, efficiency, personalization, innovation, and data insights, while also explaining protocols like MQTT and HTTP. Additionally, it introduces NodeMCU as an open-source IoT platform, detailing its programming and potential hands-on projects.

1. Workshop
on
Real-Time IOT Using NodeMCU

2. IOT
• Network of physical objects-“things”-that are embedded with sensors, software, and other
technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and
systems over the internet.
• An IOT ecosystem consists of web-enabled smart devices that use embedded systems, such
as processors, sensors and communication hardware, to collect, send and act on data
they acquire from their environments.

3. USES OF IOT
• Manufacturing Industry
• Agriculture Industry
• Healthcare
• Home Automation
• Automobile and Transportation
• Energy Sector

4. WHY IOT?
Connectivity
 Enables devices to connect to the internet.
 Share data and communicate with other devices.
 Devices can work together.

5. WHY IOT?
Efficiency
 Automating tasks.
 Monitoring systems in real-time
 Providing data for predictive maintenance.

6. WHY IOT?
Personalization
 create of personalized experiences for individuals .
 improve services and products.

7. WHY IOT?
 Innovation
 creating new products and services that were not possible before.
 lead to new business opportunities.

8. WHY IOT?
 Data
 Data can be analysed in the future
 gain insights into consumer behavior
 optimize operations

9. LAYERS OF IOT
ARCHITECTURE
• Device Layer
• Communication's Layer
• Data Storage and Processing
• Application Layer

10. DEVICE LAYER
• First layer of IoT architecture is a sensing layer
• Includes devices , sensors, and actuators
• Collect data from their surroundings

11. COMMUNICATION LAYER
• Transports data from the Device Layer to the Internet
• Security functionality including authentication, encryption and malware
protection

12. DATA STORAGE AND PROCESSING
• structured to handle data analysis and pre-processing.
• Located in the cloud.
• Data can be accessed by applications for edge analytics in use cases
like autonomous vehicles where real-time data is necessary.
• Data is monitored and managed while the processing is completed.

13. APPLICATION LAYER
• located in the cloud
• data is used by end-user applications.

14. LAYERS OF IOT ARCHITECTURE
• Device Layer: A temperature sensor takes temperature readings inside a
refrigerator.
• Communications Layer: Readings are sent to a router via a proprietary
protocol and sent to the cloud.
• Data Storage and Processing Layer: The cloud stores and processes the
incoming data to generate alerts in real time and, when possible, reduce the
total amount of data stored.
• Application layer: The cloud generates reports and analysis for end users
to applications and record keeping, via both web interfaces and email
delivery.

15. PROTOCOL’S IN IOT
• MQTT ( Message Queuing Telemetry Transport )
• CoAP ( Constrained Application Protocol )
• HTTP ( Hypertext Transfer Protocol )
• DDS ( Data Distribution Service )
• Bluetooth
• LoRaWAN

16. MQTT
• set of rules
• lightweight messaging between devices and the cloud
• Used where reliability and low bandwidth are critical
• supports messaging between devices to the cloud and the cloud to the
device

17. MQTT
• Lightweight and efficient
• requires minimal resources
• control message can be as little as two data bytes.
• Scalable
• requires a minimal amount of code that consumes very little power in operations
• support communication with a large number of IoT devices.
• Reliable
• reduce the time the IoT device takes to reconnect with the cloud
• Secure
• encrypt messages and authenticate devices
• Well-supported
• languages have extensive support for MQTT protocol
• implement with minimal coding in any type of application.

18. HTTP
• sending and receiving data between web servers and IoT devices.
• used for IoT devices when there is a lot of data to be published
• connect 3D printers in the network.

19. NODEMCU
• Also known as ESP8266 NodeMCU
• NodeMCU is an open-source platform, its hardware design is open for
edit/modify/build
• Has 8 Digital and 1 Analog Pins
• It supports serial communication protocols i.e. UART, SPI, I2C, etc

20. NODEMCU

21. BENEFITS

22. PROTOCOLS
•UART (universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter)
•SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface)
•I2C ( Inter-Integrated Circuit)

23. SPI
• communication typically happens over short
distances used on a circuit board
• low amount of data transmission
• Have 4 wires to operate
• SCLK
• MOSI
• MISO
• SS

24. I2C
• Only uses two wires
• Supports multiple
masters and multiple
slaves
• Hardware is less
complicated than with
UARTs
• Well known and widely
used protocol

25. UART
• Intergrated circuit in a computer or an microcontroller
• Data is transferred bit by bit using a single line or wire
• Change parallel data into serial data for outbound communications
• Change serial data into parallel data for inbound communications

26. • Low current consumption
• More no of digital I/O Pins
• Better processor and memory
• Breadboard friendly
• Built in WiFi
BENEFITS

27. • Int
• Char
• Float
• Double
• boolean
VARIABLES

28. • pinMode
• digitalWrite
• digitalRead
• analogWrite
• analogRead
• Serial
• delay
DATATYPES

29. • If
• If else
• for
• while
Control structures

30. • Void setup()
• Void loop()
DEFAULT FUNCTIONS

31. FIRST
PROGRAM
void setup()
{
pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);
delay(1000);
}

32. SOFTWARE
• CP2102 Driver
• http://bit.ly/3TPbsPq
• Arduino IDE
• https://bit.ly/3U61TvX

33. CONFIGURATION
• Install CP2102 Driver
• Install ESP8266 to Arduino IDE
• http://arduino.esp8266.com/stable/package_esp8266com_index.json
• Tools>>Board>>Boards Manager>>ESP8266>>Install
• Tools>>Board>>esp8266>>Nodemcu 1.0 (ESP-12E Module)
• Select correct Port

34. CONNECTING
TOWIFI
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
const char *ssid = "Your wifi Network name";
const char *pass = "Network password";
WiFiClient client;
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
delay(10);
Serial.println("Connecting to ");
Serial.println(ssid);
WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);
while (WiFi.status() !=WL_CONNECTED)
{
delay(500);
Serial.print(".");
}
Serial.println("");
Serial.println("WiFi connected");
}
void loop()
{
}

35. HANDS ON PROJECTS
• Led Blink
• WiFi Connection
• WiFi with LED
• Interfacing with DHT22
• NodeMCU as a WebServer
• Sending data from sensor to Thingspeak,Firebase,Adafruit IO over IOT

36. CHALLENGES IN LARGE SCALE IOT
• Scalability
• Data management
• Security
• Interoperability
• Cost

37. TOPICS DISCUSSED
• What is meant by IOT
• Uses of IOT
• Introduction to NodeMCU
• Hands on Projects
• Case Studies
• Challenges in large scale IOT

38. THANKYOU