The document provides an introduction to the Internet of Things (IoT), including definitions of IoT, characteristics of IoT systems, the physical and logical design of IoT, and common IoT protocols. It defines IoT as a global network of devices with sensing/actuation and unique identifiers that communicate electronically. It describes the dynamic and self-configuring nature of IoT systems and discusses common network/communication protocols, device components, and logical architectures including request/response, publish/subscribe, and push/pull models.
It consists of definition of iot,physical and logical design of iot,fundamental blocks of iot , communication model of iot ,what is things in internet of things means, communication APIs of iot.This are some of the main contents of this ppt
This presentation provides Internet of things architecture fundamentals, functional topology, system overview. Also it provides software architecture of IoT Devices, IoT Gateway, IoT Cloud. This presentation also provide internet of things issues and solutions for the same.
Internet of Things has surpassed the hype phase and according to Gartner, in the next 5-10 years it is expected to become the mainstream. Estimates of this growth predict that IoT market shall grow to $8.9 trillion with over 212 billion connected things by 2020.
With so many devices in question, the ultimate success of IoT lies in the ability of these devices to seamlessly connect and share information securely with each other. With this primary requirement, one cannot overemphasize the role of software technology as an enabler for IoT devices to carry out the chores and achieve the goals.
Attendees got insights on the various software components that make an IoT application and also on some frameworks that help in building IoT apps.
Internet of things applications covering industrial domainDev Bhattacharya
Internet of things (IOT) applications covering industrial domain was presented at World congress on Industrial Automation on July 22 '15. This presentation provides an overview of IOT and industrial IOT including protocols, system architecture, industrial IOT key differences, industrial IOT system architecture and requirements, architectural components such as operational technology(OT) and informational technology components (IT), Edge processing device hardware and software.
Asset Monitoring with Beacons, Lora, NodeJS and IoT CloudRobert van Mölken
In the Healthcare it is important to keep track of important assets like machines (Blood Pumps, AEDs, Ultrasound), commodities (wheelchairs, beds) and even high-risk patients. It’s an essential enterprise task that facilitates hardware management, maintenance, regulatory compliance, and security. A asset management solution can save companies time, money, and lots of management headaches. During this presentation I show the audience how we can connect the physical world to the web. Using beacons, sensors and LoRa to monitor and track assets and publish data to the Internet of Things Cloud Service. I demonstrate how, through multiple Node.js gateways, assets are registered, monitored and tracked inside and outside the hospital building.
Bridging the gap between Administrative and Operational IT
Vision, Architecure and Project experience. This slide deck shows our vision on this market for industrial enterprise IOT. Conclusion
Bridging the gap between Administrative and Operational IT
Vision, Architecure and Project experience. This slide deck shows our vision on this market for industrial enterprise IOT
Gustavo Zastrow - Introduction to AWS IoT Core and MQTTGustavoRuizZastrow
Introduction to IoT Core and MQTT concepts. Demo using a Raspberry Pi and temperature and humidity sensors publishing to AWS IoT Core. Rules to plot values in Cloudwatch and alert using SNS.
Presented on 05-15-2019 at Arlington AWS Meetup
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
It consists of definition of iot,physical and logical design of iot,fundamental blocks of iot , communication model of iot ,what is things in internet of things means, communication APIs of iot.This are some of the main contents of this ppt
This presentation provides Internet of things architecture fundamentals, functional topology, system overview. Also it provides software architecture of IoT Devices, IoT Gateway, IoT Cloud. This presentation also provide internet of things issues and solutions for the same.
Internet of Things has surpassed the hype phase and according to Gartner, in the next 5-10 years it is expected to become the mainstream. Estimates of this growth predict that IoT market shall grow to $8.9 trillion with over 212 billion connected things by 2020.
With so many devices in question, the ultimate success of IoT lies in the ability of these devices to seamlessly connect and share information securely with each other. With this primary requirement, one cannot overemphasize the role of software technology as an enabler for IoT devices to carry out the chores and achieve the goals.
Attendees got insights on the various software components that make an IoT application and also on some frameworks that help in building IoT apps.
Internet of things applications covering industrial domainDev Bhattacharya
Internet of things (IOT) applications covering industrial domain was presented at World congress on Industrial Automation on July 22 '15. This presentation provides an overview of IOT and industrial IOT including protocols, system architecture, industrial IOT key differences, industrial IOT system architecture and requirements, architectural components such as operational technology(OT) and informational technology components (IT), Edge processing device hardware and software.
Asset Monitoring with Beacons, Lora, NodeJS and IoT CloudRobert van Mölken
In the Healthcare it is important to keep track of important assets like machines (Blood Pumps, AEDs, Ultrasound), commodities (wheelchairs, beds) and even high-risk patients. It’s an essential enterprise task that facilitates hardware management, maintenance, regulatory compliance, and security. A asset management solution can save companies time, money, and lots of management headaches. During this presentation I show the audience how we can connect the physical world to the web. Using beacons, sensors and LoRa to monitor and track assets and publish data to the Internet of Things Cloud Service. I demonstrate how, through multiple Node.js gateways, assets are registered, monitored and tracked inside and outside the hospital building.
Bridging the gap between Administrative and Operational IT
Vision, Architecure and Project experience. This slide deck shows our vision on this market for industrial enterprise IOT. Conclusion
Bridging the gap between Administrative and Operational IT
Vision, Architecure and Project experience. This slide deck shows our vision on this market for industrial enterprise IOT
Gustavo Zastrow - Introduction to AWS IoT Core and MQTTGustavoRuizZastrow
Introduction to IoT Core and MQTT concepts. Demo using a Raspberry Pi and temperature and humidity sensors publishing to AWS IoT Core. Rules to plot values in Cloudwatch and alert using SNS.
Presented on 05-15-2019 at Arlington AWS Meetup
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Online aptitude test management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The purpose of on-line aptitude test system is to take online test in an efficient manner and no time wasting for checking the paper. The main objective of on-line aptitude test system is to efficiently evaluate the candidate thoroughly through a fully automated system that not only saves lot of time but also gives fast results. For students they give papers according to their convenience and time and there is no need of using extra thing like paper, pen etc. This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world. Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application (user Location doesn’t matter). No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test.
Every time when lecturers/professors need to conduct examinations they have to sit down think about the questions and then create a whole new set of questions for each and every exam. In some cases the professor may want to give an open book online exam that is the student can take the exam any time anywhere, but the student might have to answer the questions in a limited time period. The professor may want to change the sequence of questions for every student. The problem that a student has is whenever a date for the exam is declared the student has to take it and there is no way he can take it at some other time. This project will create an interface for the examiner to create and store questions in a repository. It will also create an interface for the student to take examinations at his convenience and the questions and/or exams may be timed. Thereby creating an application which can be used by examiners and examinee’s simultaneously.
Examination System is very useful for Teachers/Professors. As in the teaching profession, you are responsible for writing question papers. In the conventional method, you write the question paper on paper, keep question papers separate from answers and all this information you have to keep in a locker to avoid unauthorized access. Using the Examination System you can create a question paper and everything will be written to a single exam file in encrypted format. You can set the General and Administrator password to avoid unauthorized access to your question paper. Every time you start the examination, the program shuffles all the questions and selects them randomly from the database, which reduces the chances of memorizing the questions.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
5. IoT
• Internet Of Things is Fully Networked and Connected Devices sending
analytics data back to cloud or data center.
• The definition of Internet of things is that it is the network in which
every object or thing is provided unique identifier and data is
transferred through a network without any verbal communication.
• Scope of IoT is not just limited to just connecting things to the
internet, but it allows these things to communicate and exchange
data, process them as well as control them while executing
applications.
6. Formal Definition of IoT
• A dynamic global network infrastructure with self- configuring capabilities
based on standard and interoperable communication protocols, where
physical and virtual “things” have identities, physical attributes, and use
intelligent interfaces, and are seamlessly integrated into information
network that communicate data with users and environments.
7. Characteristics of IoT
• Dynamic Global network & Self-Adapting : Adapt the changes w.r.t
changing contexts
• Self Configuring : Eg. Fetching latest s/w updates without manual
intervention.
• Interoperable Communication Protocols : Communicate through
various protocols
• Unique Identity : Such as Unique IP Address or a URI
• Integrated into Information Network : This allows to communicate
and exchange data with other devices to perform certain analysis.
9. Things in IoT
• Refers to IoT devices which have unique identities that can perform
sensing, actuating and monitoring capabilities.
• IoT devices can exchange data with other connected devices or collect
data from other devices and process the data either locally or send
the data to centralized servers or cloud – based application back-ends
for processing the data.
12. IoT Protocols…Link Layer…Ethernet
Sr.No Standard Shared medium
1 802.3 Coaxial Cable…10BASE5
2 802.3.i Copper Twisted pair …..10BASE-T
3 802.3.j Fiber Optic……10BASE-F
4 802.3.ae Fiber…..10Gbits/s
Data Rates are provided from 10Gbit/s to 40Gb/s and higher
13. IoT Protocols…Link Layer…WiFi
Sr.No Standard Operates in
1 802.11a 5 GHz band
2 802.11b
and 802.11g
2.4GHz band
3 802.11.n 2.4/5 GHz bands
4 802.11.ac 5GHz band
5 802.11.ad 60Hz band
• Collection of Wireless LAN
• Data Rates from 1Mb/s to 6.75 Gb/s
14. IoT Protocols…Link Layer…WiMax
Sr.No Standard Data Rate
1 802.16m 100Mb/s for mobile stations
1Gb/s for fixed stations
• Collection of Wireless Broadband standards
• Data Rates from 1.5Mb/s to 1 Gb/s
15. IoT Protocols…Link Layer…LR-WPAN
• Collection of standards for low-rate wireless personal area
networks
• Basis for high level communication protocols such as Zigbee
• Data Rates from 40Kb/s to 250Kb/s
• Provide low-cost and low-speed communication for power
constrained devices
16. IoT Protocols…Link Layer…2G/3G/4G –Mobile
Communication
Sr.No Standard Operates in
1 2G GSM-CDMA
2 3G UMTS and CDMA 2000
3 4G LTE
• Data Rates from 9.6Kb/s (for 2G) to up to 100Mb/s (for 4G)
17. IoT Protocols…Network/Internet Layer
• Responsible for sending of IP datagrams from source to destination
network
• Performs the host addressing and packet routing
• Host identification is done using hierarchical IP addressing schemes such
as IPV4 or IPV6
18. IoT Protocols…Network Layer
• IPV4
• Used to identify the devices on a network using hierarchical addressing scheme
• Uses 32-bit address scheme
• IPV6
• Uses 128-bit address scheme
• 6LoWPAN (IPV6 over Low power Wireless Personal Area Network)
• Used for devices with limited processing capacity
• Operates in 2.4 Ghz
• Data Rates of 250Kb/s
19. IoT Protocols…Transport Layer
• Provide end-to-end message transfer capability independent of
the underlying network
• It provides functions such as error control, segmentation, flow-
control and congestion control
20. IoT Protocols…TCP
• Transmission Control Protocol
• Connection Oriented
• Ensures Reliable transmission
• Provides Error Detection Capability to ensure no duplicacy of packets and retransmit
lost packets
• Flow Control capability to ensure the sending data rate is not too high for the receiver
process
• Congestion control capability helps in avoiding congestion which leads to degradation
of n/w performance
21. IoT Protocols…UDP
• User Datagram Protocol
• Connectionless
• Does not ensures Reliable transmission
• Does not do connection before transmitting
• Does not provide proper ordering of messages
• Transaction oriented and stateless
22. IoT Protocols…Application Layer…Hyper Transfer
Protocol
• Forms foundation of World Wide Web(WWW)
• Includes commands such as GET,PUT, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS, TRACE..etc
• Follows a request-response model
• Uses Universal Resource Identifiers(URIs) to identify HTTP resources
23. IoT Protocols…Application Layer…CoAP
• Constrained Application Protocol
• Used for Machine to machine (M2M) applications meant for constrained
devices and n/w’s
• Web transfer protocol for IoT and uses request-response
model
• Uses client –server architecture
• Supports methods such as GET,POST, PUT and DELETE
24. IoT Protocols…Application Layer…WebSocket
• Allows full-duplex communication over single socket
• Based on TCP
• Client can be a browser, IoT device or mobile application
IoT Protocols…Application Layer…MQTT
• Message Queue Telemetry Transport , light-weight messaging protocol
• Based on publish-subscribe model
• Well suited for constrained environments where devices have limited processing, low
memory and n/w bandwith requirement
25. IoT Protocols…Application Layer…XMPP
• Extensible messaging and presence protocol
• For Real time communication and streaming XML data between n/w
entities
• Used for Applications such as Multi-party chat and voice/video calls.
• Decentralized protocol and uses client server architecture.
26. IoT Protocols…Application Layer…DDS
• Data Distribution service is a data-centric middleware standard for
device-to-device or machine-to-machine communication.
• Publish subscribe model where publishers create topics to which
subscribers can use.
• Provides Quality-of-service control and configurable reliability.
27. IoT Protocols…Application Layer…AMQP
• Advanced Messaging Queuing Protocol used for business messaging.
• Supports both point-to-point and publisher/subscriber models, routing
and queuing
• Broker here receives messages from publishers and route them over
connections to consumers through messaging queues.
37. Comparison Based on REST Websocket
State Stateless Stateful
Directional Unidirectional Bidirectional
Req-Res/Full Duplex Follow Request Response Model Exclusive Pair Model
TCP Connections Each HTTP request involves setting
up a new TCP Connection
Involves a single TCP
Connection for all requests
Header Overhead Each request carries HTTP Headers,
hence not suitable for real-time
Does not involve overhead of
headers.
Scalability Both horizontal and vertical are
easier
Only Vertical is easier
Difference between REST and WebSocket-based
Communication APIs
38. IoT Enabling Technologies
• Wireless Sensor Network
• Cloud Computing
• Big Data Analytics
• Embedded Systems
39. WSN
• Distributed Devices with sensors used to monitor the environmental
and physical conditions
• Consists of several end-nodes acting as routers or coordinators too
• Coordinators collects data from all nodes / acts as gateway that
connects WSN to internet
• Routers route the data packets from end nodes to coordinators.
40. Example of WSNs in IoT & Protocols used
Example
• Weather monitoring system
• Indoor Air quality monitoring system
• Soil moisture monitoring system
• Survelliance systems
• Health monitoring systems
Protocols
• Zigbee
41. Cloud Computing
• Deliver applications and services over internet
• Provides computing, networking and storage resources on demand
• Cloud computing performs services such as Iaas, Paas and Saas
• Iaas : Rent Infrastructure
• Paas : supply an on-demand environment for developing, testing,
delivering and managing software applications.
• Saas : method for delivering software applications over the Internet,
on demand and typically on a subscription basis.
42. Big Data Analytics
• Collection of data whose volume, velocity or variety is too large and
difficult to store, manage, process and analyze the data using
traditional databases.
• It involves data cleansing, processing and visualization
• Lots of data is being collected and warehoused
• Web data, e-commerce
• purchases at department/ grocery stores
• Bank/Credit Card transactions
• Social Network
43. Big Data Analytics
Variety Includes different types of data
• Structured
• Unstructured
• SemiStructured
• All of above