This presentation was provided by Jason Chabak of Yewno, on Sunday, Feb 23, during the NISO Plus Conference in Baltimore, Maryland.

1. NISO PLUS 2020
Artificial Intelligence &
Machine Learning 101
Jason Chabak
February 24th, 2020

2. OUR COMMON CHALLENGE

3. Strictly confidential, not for distribution without the prior consent of Yewno
DATA VOLUMES ARE EXPLODING
● More data has been created in the past
two years than in the entire previous
history of the human race
● By 2020, about 1.7 megabytes of new
information will be created every second
for every human being on the planet
● By 2025, our accumulated digital
universe of data to around 160
zettabytes, or 160 trillion gigabytes
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Annual Size of the Global Datasphere
Source: IDC’s Data Age 2025 study, sponsored by Seagate, April 2017
One zettabyte is equal to one sextillion bytes or 1021
(1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000) bytes or, one zettabyte is roughly equal
to a trillion gigabytes.

4. The traditional information economy
is not scalable.
“It would take over 3 trillion years for a team of 10,000 analysts to read
all of the unstructured information currently available today.”
Information
is fragmented.
Information is not the same as knowledge.

5. HOW CAN WE
DEAL WITH IT?

6. Strictly confidential, not for distribution without the prior consent of Yewno
A STORY OF HUMAN INNOVATION
Artificial intelligence stands in a long line of human
innovation in the creation, recording, storing, codifying,
and dissemination of cultural knowledge
● 3500 BC: Written language
● 1790 BC: Code of Hammurabi
● 500 BC: Egyptian papyrus rolls (scrolls)
● 300s BC: Library of Alexandria
● 100 AD: Codices
● 1791: The French cataloging code
● 1950s: Natural Language Processing
● 1960: Full-text search, hypertext
● 1963: ASCII code
● 1968: MARC records
● 1980s: Neural networks
● 1989: The Web
● Etc., etc., etc….
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Linear B tablet Roman codex
Dead Sea scroll
ASCII code
Library of Alexandria Computational linguistics +
machine learning + graph
theory

7. WHAT ARE WE TALKING
ABOUT?

8. Strictly confidential, not for distribution without the prior consent of Yewno
DIFFERENTIATING THE CONCEPTS
• Artificial Intelligence
• Narrow AI
• General AI
• Machine Learning
• Deep Learning
• Artificial Neural Networks
• ...
• ...
• Artificial Super-Intelligence
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Source: https://towardsdatascience.com/cousins-of-artificial-intelligence-dda4edc27b55

9. Strictly confidential, not for distribution without the prior consent of Yewno
WHERE ARE WE?
• Where are we in the pursuit of AGI?
• C. Elegans (1-millimeter flatworm) brain
replication
• Successfully simulated in software and
inserted into Simple Lego robot
• 302 Neurons replicated
• Human brain estimated to contain
100,000,000,000 neurons
• Computing capacity needs to be exponentially
increased
• We’ve still got a ways to go, so for today, we’re
focusing on Narrow AI & ML
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Source: Cornelia I. Bargmann, Rockefeller University; WormAtlas; Nature

10. WHAT AI/ML CAN’T DO

11. Strictly confidential, not for distribution without the prior consent of Yewno
CURRENT AI/ML/DL UN-REALITIES
• 100% accuracy
• 100% unbiased
• Operate without human intervention
• Have no adverse effects
• Scale at current technological
infrastructure
• Take ALL of our jobs
• Take over the world….yet
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12. WHAT AI/ML CAN DO

13. Strictly confidential, not for distribution without the prior consent of Yewno
THE CURRENT LANDSCAPE OF NARROW AI & ML
• Ability to perform repetitive, mundane
tasks – and improve over time
• Intelligent Augmentation of current
workflows
• Reduction – not elimination - of errors
• Ingest and analyze orders of magnitude
more data than any human – or group of
humans – would be able to
• Quality out only as good as the quality in
• Human element is of utmost importance
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14. THANKS!