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INDIAN BANKING SYSTEM
NIRAV MODI SCAM
Who is Nirav Modi
6
At the height of his successful business career, he was
known as one of the Indian diamond kings and his
jewelry was worn by Kate Winslet for the Oscars.
Become Indian Diamond King
4
Under Mehul Choksi, Modi learned the tricks of the
trade in the diamond industry and eventually went on to
found ‘Firestar’ in 1999 a diamond sourcing and trading
company.
What he learned
5 Modi’s popularity grew after he designed the “Golconda
Lotus Necklace” with an old, 12-carat, pear-shaped
diamond in 2010 and the Riviere of Perfection, featuring
36 flawless white diamonds weighing a total of 88.88
carats, being sold at Sotheby’s auction.
popularity
his father accompanied to join his uncle Mehul Choksi’s
business at the age of 19. Mehul Choksi was the head of
the Gitanjali Group.
How He started
3
2
He was also ranked 57th in the Forbes list of billionaires
for 2017. Nirav Modi was born into the diamond
business in Gujarat but was bought up in Belgium.
position
1 Nirav Modi is a luxury diamond jeweler and designer
who featured on listed containing the diamond kings of
India.
about
How scam executed?
01
Nirav Modi made use of a banking instrument known as the LOU (Letters of Undertakings).
Nirav Modi approached PNB for an LOU which was used as collateral for these short term
loans.
02
These LOUs, however, are supposed to be given out only when the client has collateral in the
domestic bank issuing the LOU. But PNB ignored these requirements and gave out the LOUs on
Modi’s guarantee.
03
He simply took another LOU from PNB of a higher amount. This was used to pay back the old
loan and the additional amount was reinvested. By 2018 Nirav Modi had received 1,212 more
such LOUs.
04
Modi had grown his business in a span of 5 years what would otherwise have taken 20 years.
Modi had planned to eventually list his “successful” company, with securities being sold at a
premium.
05
in 2018 when the employees of his companies approached PNB once again for LOUs the bank
employees demanded 100 percent cash margins. Nirav Modi’s firms contested this
requirement. They claimed that they had availed LOUs without collateral before.
NOSTRO
ACCOUNTS
Of PNB
Security
Deposit
Invoice &
Other Doc.
Letter of undertaking
payment
Actual flow of transaction
Swift message - Society for world wide interbank
financial telecommunication
Invoice & Other Doc.
Why PNB is not able to track fraud before 2018?
Swift
Swift
IN PNB CASE
Swift message is normally linked with
core banking system and entries are
made automatically for messages and
issue of LOU in CBS.
NORMAL CASE
Swift message is not linked with core
banking system in PNB and no entries are
made for messages and issue of LOU in
CBS.
What happen after scam?
B C
D E
A
The Punjab National Bank (PNB), one of country's largest public sector lenders,
found itself in the middle of a ₹11,400 crore transaction fraud case in February
2018
B
The bank had detected and informed the the Bombay Stock Exchange about
some "fraudulent and unauthorized transactions" in one of its branches in
Mumbai to the tune of $1771.69 million (approx.).
C
This was in addition to the ₹280 crore fraud case that Nirav Modi was already
under investigation for, again filed by the PNB.
D
On 29 January 2018, PNB filed a complaint with the CBI, wherein it was alleged
that Nirav, Ami Modi, Nishal Modi and Mehul Choksi with two bank officials
committed the offence of cheating against PNB and caused a wrongful loss.
E
The PNB official in his complaint informed the agency that at the Bank's branch
office at Brady House two of its employees issued fraudulent Lou's to Hong
Kong based creditors on behalf of three firms associated with Nirav Modi and
the Gitanjali Group.
How much money recovered?
Special economic zone property
worth of Rs.1200 crore belongs
to Choksi.
So Far, Rs.6393 Crore has been
Seized.
141 bank A/C and FD has been attached
by IT Department.
Enforcement Directorate (ED) seized
luxury cars of Nirav Modi worth approx. 6-
7 crores.
280 crores Approx. from Bank A/Cs &
properties has been seized by ED.
Rs.5100 crore in Gold and Diamond
Jewelry has been seized by ED.
EFFECT OF SCAM ON PNB & OTHER
PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS
The share price of Gitanjali Gems fallen down from
Rs.64.2 to Rs.15.8 as on 09th Mar,2018 and now it
becomes Rs. 1.08.
Sanjay Rishi (American Express), Gautham Mukkavilli (Ex.
Executive pepsico), Suresh senapaty (Ex. CFO of Wipro),
Kirthiga reddy (Ex.MD of FB India) resigned from Nirav modi’s
Firestar Co. board.
The RBI stops banks to issue LOU.
Because of the fraud, PNB has lost Trust of People.
Moody and Fitch places PNB under review for
downgrade. Moody’s has rated PNB ‘Baa3’ and
Fitch has rated ‘bb’.
The stock price of PNB has fallen down from
Rs.160 to Rs.95.5 as on 9th Mar,2018 and now it
becomes Rs.33.40.
The NIFTY Bank also fallen down 25810.25 to
24477.65 (1332.66 Points).
RBI has said to PNB to pay all debts to other banks.
Effect of
Scam
Thank you
By Udit Goel

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Nirav modi scam

  • 2. Who is Nirav Modi 6 At the height of his successful business career, he was known as one of the Indian diamond kings and his jewelry was worn by Kate Winslet for the Oscars. Become Indian Diamond King 4 Under Mehul Choksi, Modi learned the tricks of the trade in the diamond industry and eventually went on to found ‘Firestar’ in 1999 a diamond sourcing and trading company. What he learned 5 Modi’s popularity grew after he designed the “Golconda Lotus Necklace” with an old, 12-carat, pear-shaped diamond in 2010 and the Riviere of Perfection, featuring 36 flawless white diamonds weighing a total of 88.88 carats, being sold at Sotheby’s auction. popularity his father accompanied to join his uncle Mehul Choksi’s business at the age of 19. Mehul Choksi was the head of the Gitanjali Group. How He started 3 2 He was also ranked 57th in the Forbes list of billionaires for 2017. Nirav Modi was born into the diamond business in Gujarat but was bought up in Belgium. position 1 Nirav Modi is a luxury diamond jeweler and designer who featured on listed containing the diamond kings of India. about
  • 3. How scam executed? 01 Nirav Modi made use of a banking instrument known as the LOU (Letters of Undertakings). Nirav Modi approached PNB for an LOU which was used as collateral for these short term loans. 02 These LOUs, however, are supposed to be given out only when the client has collateral in the domestic bank issuing the LOU. But PNB ignored these requirements and gave out the LOUs on Modi’s guarantee. 03 He simply took another LOU from PNB of a higher amount. This was used to pay back the old loan and the additional amount was reinvested. By 2018 Nirav Modi had received 1,212 more such LOUs. 04 Modi had grown his business in a span of 5 years what would otherwise have taken 20 years. Modi had planned to eventually list his “successful” company, with securities being sold at a premium. 05 in 2018 when the employees of his companies approached PNB once again for LOUs the bank employees demanded 100 percent cash margins. Nirav Modi’s firms contested this requirement. They claimed that they had availed LOUs without collateral before.
  • 4. NOSTRO ACCOUNTS Of PNB Security Deposit Invoice & Other Doc. Letter of undertaking payment Actual flow of transaction Swift message - Society for world wide interbank financial telecommunication Invoice & Other Doc.
  • 5. Why PNB is not able to track fraud before 2018? Swift Swift IN PNB CASE Swift message is normally linked with core banking system and entries are made automatically for messages and issue of LOU in CBS. NORMAL CASE Swift message is not linked with core banking system in PNB and no entries are made for messages and issue of LOU in CBS.
  • 6. What happen after scam? B C D E A The Punjab National Bank (PNB), one of country's largest public sector lenders, found itself in the middle of a ₹11,400 crore transaction fraud case in February 2018 B The bank had detected and informed the the Bombay Stock Exchange about some "fraudulent and unauthorized transactions" in one of its branches in Mumbai to the tune of $1771.69 million (approx.). C This was in addition to the ₹280 crore fraud case that Nirav Modi was already under investigation for, again filed by the PNB. D On 29 January 2018, PNB filed a complaint with the CBI, wherein it was alleged that Nirav, Ami Modi, Nishal Modi and Mehul Choksi with two bank officials committed the offence of cheating against PNB and caused a wrongful loss. E The PNB official in his complaint informed the agency that at the Bank's branch office at Brady House two of its employees issued fraudulent Lou's to Hong Kong based creditors on behalf of three firms associated with Nirav Modi and the Gitanjali Group.
  • 7. How much money recovered? Special economic zone property worth of Rs.1200 crore belongs to Choksi. So Far, Rs.6393 Crore has been Seized. 141 bank A/C and FD has been attached by IT Department. Enforcement Directorate (ED) seized luxury cars of Nirav Modi worth approx. 6- 7 crores. 280 crores Approx. from Bank A/Cs & properties has been seized by ED. Rs.5100 crore in Gold and Diamond Jewelry has been seized by ED.
  • 8. EFFECT OF SCAM ON PNB & OTHER PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS The share price of Gitanjali Gems fallen down from Rs.64.2 to Rs.15.8 as on 09th Mar,2018 and now it becomes Rs. 1.08. Sanjay Rishi (American Express), Gautham Mukkavilli (Ex. Executive pepsico), Suresh senapaty (Ex. CFO of Wipro), Kirthiga reddy (Ex.MD of FB India) resigned from Nirav modi’s Firestar Co. board. The RBI stops banks to issue LOU. Because of the fraud, PNB has lost Trust of People. Moody and Fitch places PNB under review for downgrade. Moody’s has rated PNB ‘Baa3’ and Fitch has rated ‘bb’. The stock price of PNB has fallen down from Rs.160 to Rs.95.5 as on 9th Mar,2018 and now it becomes Rs.33.40. The NIFTY Bank also fallen down 25810.25 to 24477.65 (1332.66 Points). RBI has said to PNB to pay all debts to other banks. Effect of Scam