This document provides a summary of the novel "The White Tiger" by Aravind Adiga from a Subaltern Studies perspective. It discusses key concepts in Subaltern Studies like how the term was coined by Antonio Gramsci to refer to people of inferior rank based on ethnicity, race, caste, etc. It then analyzes the main character Balram Halwai as a Subaltern hero who engages in acts of resistance and crime due to the casteism, class system, and slavery he faces in Indian society. The summary references Gayatri Spivak's influential work "Can the Subaltern Speak?" and argues Balram speaks through his criminal acts as a modern protagonist who embodies Spivak's theories

1. Paper:
New Literature
Topic:
The White Tiger: As Subaltern Study
Prepared by:
Deepti Joshi
Submitted To:
Dept. Of. English, M.K.B. University,
Bhavanagar
7th March,2014

2. Subalternism: Meaning
First Used by Antonio Gramasci.
According to Gramasci, any person or Group of inferior rank in respect of
ethnicity, race, caste, creed, religion and Gender known as Subaltern
 A Postcolonial project
Gained Currency in 1982 by critics like Dipesh Chakraborthy, Partha Chatterjee
and Ranjit Guha.
Gaytri Chakraborty Spivak’s theory
 Epoch-making essay: Can Subaltern Speak?
 Subaltern Can’t Speak

3. Belongs
to lower
class
Born in
lower
cast
Half
baked
Potato
His
Indian
Dream
Balram Halwai: The Subaltern Hero

4. Theory Of Resistance: As an act done by subaltern Hero
What Made him to resist?
Castism
How Can you learn to drive? it is like taming a wild stallion. Only a boy from the warrior
caste can manage that. You need to have Aggression in your blood. Muslims, Rajputs,
and Sikhs-they are fighters, they can become drivers”
Class system
Difference of “Big BALLIES AND SMAL L BALLIES
Slavery System
Hay ! That Man is paid driver, what is he doing here?

5. Spivak’s Statement
Subaltern who does speak is not subaltern
As modern Protagonist propounds Spivak’s theory of
“Can Subaltern Speak?
Now
Subaltern can speak through crime
Conclusion