Neonatal Infants Pain Scale (NIPS)
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The Neonatal Infants Pain Scale (NIPS) is used to evaluate pain in infants less than one year old who cannot verbally communicate pain levels. It scores infants on a scale from 0-1 in categories like facial expressions, cry, breathing, and body movements to calculate a total pain score. A score over 3 typically indicates the infant is experiencing pain or discomfort. The scale was adapted from the CHEOPS scale and uses behaviors nurses describe as signs of infant pain. It can be used to monitor the effectiveness of pain interventions in young children.
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This document discusses pediatric pain, including definitions, myths, assessment techniques, procedural sedation and analgesia. It summarizes that babies do experience pain, remember pain, and pain has negative long term effects. It describes techniques for assessing pain in neonates, children ages 3-7, and those over 7. It also outlines definitions of conscious sedation, deep sedation and general anesthesia. The document advocates for improved treatment of acute pain in children and emphasizes tailoring pain management to individual patients.
Pain managementcompetency
This document discusses pain management at a San Diego service area. It notes that pain is the most common reason for medical appointments in the US, affecting 50 million people annually and costing $120 billion per year. Patient rights related to pain management are outlined. At-risk populations for under treatment of pain include those with addiction histories, the nonverbal, elderly, infants/children, and ethnic/racial minorities. Several pain scales are presented, including numeric, FACES, FLACC, and N-PASS scales. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain treatment options are mentioned.
Med-Surg COncept of PAin
This document discusses pain physiology and management. It describes the pathways and mechanisms of pain transmission from nociceptors to the brain. It also outlines various approaches to pain assessment, pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain control strategies, and the nurse's role in comprehensive pain management including ongoing assessment, education, and evaluation of interventions.
Pain Assessment Basics
This document discusses pain assessment in different populations:
- Infants feel pain from 20 weeks of gestation onward and are more sensitive to pain due to underdeveloped inhibitory neurotransmitters.
- Older adults often believe it is normal to experience pain as they age, but pain always indicates an underlying problem.
- Women generally report and display pain more than men due to biological and social factors like childbirth.
- Cultural backgrounds influence how pain is managed - for example, Hispanics tend to verbalize pain more while Asians suppress it.
- Subjective reports from patients are the most reliable indicator of pain levels. Objective measures like facial expressions are only used for non-verbal patients
Health promotion and the newborn
This document discusses infant growth and development from birth to 2 months. It covers topics like the newborn's appearance, physiological processes like sleeping, eating and elimination patterns, reflexes that indicate health, assessing the infant using the APGAR score, developmental milestones in the first months, and recommendations for care activities like bathing and umbilical cord care. Family interactions, determinants of health, and nursing interventions to support infant and family needs are also addressed.
Pain assessment in cesarean women
This document discusses pain assessment and management after cesarean section. It provides information on common pain scales like numeric, visual analogue, and Wong-Baker FACES scales. It summarizes a study that assessed pain quality using the Pain Quality Assessment Scale in 153 post-cesarean women. Scores showed unpleasant sensation was most common, followed by intensity and tenderness. While pain interfered more with physical health, most women reported feeling healthy overall. Adherence to medication was moderate. The study concluded that age, education, and occupation impacted pain levels with primiparous women experiencing slightly more severe pain.
Apgar Score.pptx
The APGAR score is a method to quickly evaluate the health of newborn babies. It was created in 1952 by Dr. Virginia Apgar and assesses babies on five criteria: appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration. Scores are given from 0-2 on each criteria with higher scores indicating better health. APGAR scores are determined at one and five minutes after birth to evaluate how well babies are adapting outside the womb. While it is a useful guide, the APGAR score alone does not predict long-term health issues and should not be used to diagnose asphyxia without other evidence.
Pain scales
This document describes several pain scales used in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), including N-PASS, NIPS, and PIPP-R. N-PASS assesses both pain and sedation in infants by scoring behavioral and physiological criteria. Higher scores indicate more pain or deeper sedation. NIPS and PIPP-R also score facial expressions, extremities, vital signs, and other indicators to assess pain, with scores above 3 indicating pain. PIPP-R modified the original PIPP scale to better account for how gestational age and behavioral state influence pain responses. These scales provide standardized ways to evaluate pain in nonverbal infants to determine needed treatment and intervention.
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Providing quality pediatric pain management during end of life care
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Neonatal Infants Pain Scale (NIPS)
- 2. The NeonatalInfantsPainScale or NIPS is used in children less thanone year of age.Children at this age are not able to tell us if they are in pain. This scale uses body languageto help us to understandif a childis in pain.
- 3. A child is evaluated and eitherscored a 0 or 1 in each category based on their behavior. A total score is calculated. Most of thetime a score greater than3 tells us a child is likely to be experiencingpain or discomfort.
- 4. It is also a behavioral scale and can beutilizedwith both full- term and pre-term infants.The tool was adapted from the CHEOPSscale and uses thebehaviors thatnurses have described a beingindicativeof infantpain ordistress.
- 5. The is a behavioral scale for evaluatingpostoperative pain in young children. It can be used to monitor theeffectiveness of interventions for reducingthe pain and discomfort. Children'sHospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (CHEOPS)
- 6. It is composed of six indicators:
- 8. 2. Cry
- 10. 4. Arms 5. Legs 6. State of arousal
- 11. Eachbehavioralindicatorisscored with0 or 1 except "cry", which hasthree possibledescriptors therefore, being scored witha 0, 1 or 2. See the NIPS scalefor the descriptionof infantbehavior in each indicatorgroup.Infants shouldbe observed for one minute inorder to fullyassess each indicator.
- 12. Total pain scores range from 0-7. The suggestedinterventionsbased upon the infant'slevel of pain are listed below. The difficulty with any tool thatis notself- report is the ability to differentiatebetweenpain and agitation,however, the non- pharmacological interventionmay help differentiatebetweenthesetwo (i.e. changingthe wet diaper, feedingthe infant,repositioning, etc.).
- 17. Albert Gabriel Co Anne Rodenelle Dapiton Ellene GraceDewara Group 4