An earthquake can range from a mild tremor to a large-scale movement causing extensive damage over a wide area. Major earthquakes can be devastating, breaking electrical lines or gas pipes and causing fires. Tremors during earthquakes can also cause soil liquefaction by making saturated soil lose strength and transform from solid to liquid. Some historical earthquakes in India include the 1905 Kangra earthquake that killed 20,000 people, and the 1934 Bihar earthquake that killed nearly 11,000. The 2001 Bhuj earthquake killed over 13,000 and destroyed 800,000 homes and damaged roads and bridges.

3. EARTHQUAKE MAY RANGE FROM A MILD TREMOR TO A LARGE SCALE
MOVEMENT CAUSING EXTENSIVE DAMAGE OVE WIDE AREA.
A MAJOR EARTHQUAKE CAN BE QUITE DEVASTATING.
BECAUSE OF THE EARTHQUAKE THE ELECTRICAL POWER OR GAS PIPE BREAK AND
CAUSE FIRE IN THE AREA.
BECAUSE OF THE TREMORS,WATER SATURATED GRANULAR MATERIAL LOSES ITS
STRENGTH AND TRANSFORMS FROM SOLID TO LIQUID.THIS CALLED AS SOIL
LIQUEFACTION.

4.  IN 1905 THE KANGRA EARTHQUAKE TOOK
TOLL OF 20,000 PEOPLE.
 IN THE NORTH BIHAR IN 1934,NEARLY
11,000 PEOPLE DIED.
 IN BHUJ,JANUARY 26,2001,MORE THAN
13,000 PEOPLE DIED AND 8 LAKHS HOUSES
WERE DESTROYED.ROADS AND BRIDGES
WERE DAMAGED.

6.  Fires
 Liquefaction
 Landslides

7. A)Volcanic Eruption
1.Due to certain movements and disturbances in the earth’s interior,
sometimes molten rocks are forced out of cracks from the crust of the
earth.
2.These molten rocks are released with lots of smoke and ash.
3.These molten rocks are called Lava.
4.There is a huge damage to property and life when the molten lava flows
down and runs over populated areas.
5.The earliest recorded volcanic eruption is that of Mt.Vesuvius in Italy
which destroyed the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum.

8. 1.Tremors often set landslides and avalanches in the hilly and
mountainous areas.
2.Landslides occur more frequently during the rainy season.
3.These landslides often block the rivers in the affected region causing
floods in the nearby areas.
4.The rivers may even change their courses.
5.Sometimes big rocks and stones along with mud or snow slide down the
mountain slopes towards the valley causing death of people.

9. Tsunami is a Japanese word meaning harbour wave. A
tsunami is a series of huge waves that occur after
undersea disturbances such as earthquakes or
volcanic eruption. The waves travel in all directions
from the area of disturbance. These waves can be as
high as 50 feet or more. They may attain speeds of
over 750 km/h.