For M. Sc. Ag. Agroforestry seminar topics

1. TRANSFORMED LAND USE SYSTEM IN
AGROFORESTRY FOR RESTORATION OF THE SOIL
ORGANIC CARBON AND CAPTURING OF THE
CARBON DIOXIDE
Submitted to,
Advisor: Dr. R. S. Meena
Seminar In charge: Dr. Savita Dewangan
Date 25.11.2021
Submitted by,
Miss. Nalini
M. Sc. (Ag.) Agroforestry
Roll No. 20430AGF015

2. • Introduction
• Importance and scope
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Needs
• Present scenario
• Conclusion
• References
CONTENT

3. The concept agroforestry system (AFs) became very
important with the introduction of multipurpose tree species,
Which is a form of multiple land use system.
The role of the land use changes in influencing
carbon dioxide levels in the carbon sink capacity has
attracted considerable scientific attention in the past. In
particular the Post-Kyoto Protocol discussion on climate
change are oriented as an agenda word on reducing carbon
dioxide in the atmosphere through increased carbon
sequestration in terrestrial.
INTRODUCTION

4. TRANSFORMED LAND USE SYSTEM
Land use change is a process by which human activities transform the natural
landscape, referring to how land has been used, usually emphasizing the
functional role of land for economic activities.
WHAT CAUSES LAND TRANSFORMATION?
The possible forces driving land-use and land-cover changes can be grouped
categories:
• population
• Technology
• political economy
• and attitudes and values
With the understanding that driving forces of land use
and land cover change interact in complex ways, two key underlying drivers of
change will be given particular attention:
(1) population, which determines the demand and pressure on land resources,
and
(2) climate, which affects the supply or constraints of land.

5. • Soil organic matter improvement in Afs.
• Agroforestry system has the tendency of reflective and
efficient nutritional cycling.
• Most nutrients are stored in the biomass and topsoil
constant cycling of carbon.
• Afs improves the productivity of system and providing
opportunities to create carbon sink.
IMPORTANCE AND SCOPE

6. • AFs can be increased by the adoption of following
measures:
I. Conservation effective measures that reduce losses
of nutrients and water;
ii. Increase biomass production; and
iii. Protect SOC against losses through enhancing
biological, chemical, and physical stabilization
mechanisms.

7. • In general, AFs as compared to mono-cropping produced
higher biomass (above and belowground) due to
inclusion of woody perennials in agroforestry practices
and thus able to sequester large amount of carbon in
the system.
• Above-ground parts such as bole, leaves, branches,
petioles, fruits have contributed more than 75% of the
total biomass production.
• The process of leaf litter fall and accumulation in the
agroforestry floor along with their decomposition
process has accounted significant impact on soil
improvement in AFs.

8.  Carbon sequestration in Indian agroforests varies from 19.56
Mg C/ha/yr in north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh to a carbon
pool of 23.46–47.36 Mg C/ha/yr in tree-bearing arid agro-
ecosystems of Rajasthan.
 India has the potential to mitigate 1.245 Mg CO2 ha/yr.
 Crop improves the organic matter in soil, which is a
significant component of the terrestrial C pool.
 Carbon sequestration potential of different crops and
concluded that maize, sorghum and pearl millet had higher
potential to carbon sequestration as compared to rice, finger
millet and soybean.
ADVANTAGES

9.  The agroforestry is very crucial as it influences the
amount of biomass production and availability of soil
nutrients in soil.
 Soil nutrient enrichment in agroforestry.
 Decomposition of tree species and interaction with inter
crop in particular AFs and soil edaphic-climatic conditions.
Nutrient pumping capability of trees in agroforestry helps
in improving the process of nutrient cycling, minimizing the
leaching of nutrients, increasing the efficiency of food
synthesis process

10.  Different management practices like application of
fertilizers, irrigation supply, application of pesticides,
herbicides, etc. could also affect the SOC sequestration
potential under AFs by influencing the soil aggregates
stability.
 However, the adoptions of these management practices are
site-specific that would affect the overall performance of
SOC in Afs.
 In general, the impact of soil disturbances and erosion in Afs
has been considered as low as compared to intensive
agricultural system, thereby improving the carbon stability in
the soil.
DISADVANTAGES

11. • The quantity and quality of SOC present in a particular land
management system tend to change when the system is
changed to another form of management system.
• The inclusion of trees in the agricultural system would like
to increase in SOC stocks.
• Mulching, use of cover crops, no-tillage operations, etc. are
some of the approaches made to increase SOC in any
agroecosystem.
NEEDS

13. CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN SOIL: CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN SOIL IS
THE PROCESS OF TRANSFERRING CO2 FROM THE ATMOSPHERE
INTO THE SOIL THROUGH CROP RESIDUES, TREE ROOTS AND OTHER
ORGANIC SOLIDS, AND IN A FORM THAT IS NOT IMMEDIATELY REMITTED.

14. Country
Agroforestry
System
Carbon
Sequestration Rate
(Mg/ha/yr)
Age
Soil Depth
(cm)
References
Canada Alley cropping 0.69 13 60
Oelbermann
et at.,2006
Costa
Rica
Alley cropping 4.13 19 60
Oelbermann
et at.,2007
India
Agrisilviculture
(Poplar based)
2.63 3 30
Gupta et
al,2009
India
Agrisilviculture
(Poplar based)
1.95 6 30
Gupta et
al,2010
India
Agrisilviculture
(Poplar based)
1.62 7 30
Chauhan et
al.,2010
Canada
Shelterbelt
(Different six
species)
0.7 Varying 50
Dhillion and
Rees,2016
REPORTED SOIL ORGANIC CARBON SEQUESTRATION RATES (Mg
C/HA/YR) IN DIFFERENT AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS IN WORLD

15. REPORTED CARBON SEQUESTRATION VALUE (ABOVE AND BELOW GROUND)
FOR DIFFERENT AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS IN INDIA
Agroforestry systems C Stock(Mg/ha/1year) Refereces
Silvipastoralism,Kurukshetra,India 1.37 Kaur et al.,2002
Silvipastoralism,Keral,India 6.55 Kumar et al.,1998
Silvipasture,India 6.72 NRCAF,2007
Polar basedAFS,Punjab,India 9.24 Chauhanet al.,2015
Agrisilviculture,Chhattisgarh,India 1.26 Swamy andPuri,2005
Homeandoutfieldgarden 4.29 Kriby andPotvi,2007
Bamboohomegarden,Assam,India 1.32 NathandDas,2011
Midhills Agroforestry,Nepal 0.97 Padilet al.,2004
Polar basedAFS,India 15.81 Aroraet al.,20014

16. Country Agroforestry systems
Soil Carbon Stock
(Mg/ha)
Soil
Depth
(cm)
References
Agrisilviculture
(Eucalyptus + peagonpea
India Agrihortisilviculture 56.7 30 Singh et al.,2016
(Eucalyptus + peagonpea
Agrisilviculture
(Eucalyptus + peagonpea
India Agrihortisilviculture 43.82 -30 Singh et al.,2018
Agrisilviculture
(Eucalyptus + peagonpea
India 40.6 -45
Rahangdale and
Patha,2020
India 53.48 15
Rahangdale and
Patha,2018
India 47.04 -15
Rahangdale and
Patha,2019
India 59.92 45
Rahangdale and
Patha,2017
SOME OF THE REPORTED SOIL CARBON STOCK UNDER
DIFFERENT AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS IN INDIA

17. The present scenario landscape under CC and intensive
cultivation on limited land resources completely deprive the
soil of organic matter due to land degradation without
considering its future. Incessant rains cause a decline I soil
fertility as well as a decline in crop production and ultimately
an increase in the carbon dioxide concentration in the
atmosphere.
So, it is important to understand the
status of SOC content in the soil and most of the times, the
amount and form of soil carbon tends to change with the
adoption of different agricultural management practices .
PRESENT SCENARIO

18. GLOBAL CARBON DIOXIDE RATE REMOVAL RATE FROM FOREST
LANDSCAPE RESTORATION ACTIVITIES:

19. CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM

20. Location AgroforestrySystem TreeSpecies No.ofTrees/ha. Age(year) CSP(MgC/ha/year) Refereces
Uttrakhand Agrisilviculture D.hmiltoy 1000 7 15.91 Kaushaletal.,2014
HimanchalPradesh Agrihorticulture Fruittrees 69 7 12.15 Gosamietal.,2014
Khammam,AdhraPradesh Agrisilviculture L.leucephala 4444 4 14.42 Prashadetal.,2012
Uttrakhand Agrisilviculture P.deltoids 500 4 12.02 SinghandLodhiyal,2009
SBSNagar,Punjab Agrisilviculture P.deltoids 740 7 9.4 Chauhanetal.,2010
Dehradune,Uttarakhand Silviculture E.teritocormis 2500 3.5 4.4 Dhyanietal.,1996
Kurukshetra,Harayana Silvipasture A.nilotica, 1250 7 2.81 Kauretal.,2002
Chandigarh Agrisilviculture L.leucephala 10666 6 10.48 MittalandSingh1989

21. GLOBAL CARBON DIOXIDE REMOVAL RATE FROM FOREST LANDSCAPE
RESTORATION ACTIVITIES

22. The diversifying nature of agroforestry helps to meet the
multifarious demands of the society. Additionally, the capacity
to restore or rebuild the soil fertility and conservation in AFs.
Trees in AFs help to improve the SOC stocks, resulting
in maintaining the soil fertility and productivity. Since, soil
contains the largest carbon pool among the terrestrial
ecosystem, offering a huge potential for Carbon Stock across
the world.
Considering the rapid expansion of agroforestry land-
use system and more recent studies indicating AFs could
provide a huge scope for improving the SOC sequestration and
carbon dioxide while challenging the Climate Change
phenomenon.
CONCLUSION