The document summarizes Myanmar's national electrification plan (NEP) to achieve 100% electrification by 2030 through a combination of grid extension and off-grid solutions. Key points include:
- Currently only 33% of Myanmar has access to electricity with large disparities between urban and rural areas.
- The NEP targets connecting 1.7 million new households from 2015-2019 requiring $700 million in funding.
- A two-pronged approach of grid extension and off-grid "pre-electrification" is proposed, with off-grid appropriate for remote areas until the grid arrives.
- Total cost is estimated at $5.8 billion until 2030, requiring significant private sector
This document provides an overview of Myanmar's power sector, including its primary energy supply, final energy consumption, and institutional structure. Some key points:
- Myanmar has abundant energy resources like hydropower and natural gas but per capita electricity consumption is among the lowest in Southeast Asia due to low electrification rates.
- Biomass accounts for over half of primary energy supply while natural gas and hydropower are also major sources. Final energy consumption is dominated by biomass used in the residential sector.
- The Ministry of Electric Power oversees policy and planning for the power sector while the Electricity Supply Enterprise and Electricity Supply Corporation are responsible for generation, transmission, and distribution.
-
Myanmar’s Hydropower Strategy and Its Impact on Industry PlayersDr. Oliver Massmann
This document summarizes Myanmar's hydropower strategy and its impact on industry players. It provides background on Myanmar's electricity sector and hydropower potential. Myanmar has significant untapped hydropower potential of over 200 TWh per year, mostly located along its major river basins. The government's hydropower strategy involves increasing installed capacity from 3 GW in 2012 to over 27 GW by 2030 through state-led projects and public-private partnerships. This expanded hydropower development is expected to meet projected electricity demand growth and transform Myanmar's industrial sector.
The document provides information about Myanmar's energy sector, including its institutional framework and opportunities for investment. A National Energy Management Committee was created to strengthen coordination among energy institutions. Myanmar has resources like natural gas, coal, and potential for renewable energy. However, developing renewable energy faces barriers like lack of data and awareness. The document outlines opportunities for joint ventures in areas like natural gas processing plants.
An Overview of the Electricity Industry in MyanmarVikas Sharma
This paper attempts to provide a comprehensive current-state assessment of Myanmar’s electricity sector, and goes on to offer some policy recommendations to tackle the key issues at hand.
As Myanmar embarks upon reversing the damage and realizing its potential, availability of electricity is crucial in all spheres – economic, health-related and educational. However, nowhere is the immensity of the task at hand more apparent than in the electricity sector. Less than 30% of households are connected to the electric-grid. Per capita consumption of power is lowest in ASEAN. There is over-reliance on hydropower and erratic demand-side management, especially in summer months. Current supply is almost 30% below demand, manifested in sweeping load-shedding. Planning is centralized, haphazard and seemingly untouched by market dynamics. Power plants have numerous breakdowns and abysmal efficiency. Transmission and distribution networks are antiquated and omit large expanses. Highly-subsidized electricity tariffs and resulting fiscal deficits have crippled public investment in infrastructure. Skepticism over political stability, heavy-handed government terms, and deficient financing ecosystem discourage private entrants.
SLP Consulting - Asian Rural Development FundSem de Moel
The document discusses providing off-grid electricity access in Myanmar through sustainable solutions like solar home systems and micro-hydro plants. It outlines plans to create an Asian Rural Development Fund that would indirectly finance such projects by working with local banks, microfinance institutions, and power suppliers. The business model involves the Fund providing debt financing to local partners to invest in energy systems, which would then be distributed and serviced in rural villages with customers paying monthly fees. Metrics and data are presented on potential project costs, repayment timelines, and pricing under the model. The goal is to increase electricity access, foster economic growth, and improve living standards across Myanmar.
The document discusses Myanmar's electricity needs and proposes short-term solutions to increase private small-scale power generation. It notes Myanmar's low electricity production and high prices compared to its neighbors. It recommends drafting laws to allow private companies to set up small power plants (1-10MW) fueled by oil, gas, biomass or solar to provide power to villages and industries. In the long-term, it suggests the government invest in large hydro and natural gas plants while updating the grid and transmission lines. The proposal includes technical presentations on setting up and operating small power plants profitably for 5 years before larger state plants take over.
The document provides an initial assessment of Myanmar's energy sector by the Asian Development Bank. It finds that Myanmar has abundant energy resources, particularly hydropower and natural gas. However, development of its energy sector has lagged due to economic sanctions over the past decades. With recent reforms, investment in the energy sector is expected to drive economic growth. The assessment identifies hydropower, natural gas, and coal as key subsectors and outlines development challenges and opportunities across generation, transmission, renewable energy, and energy efficiency.
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar Ministry of Electricity and Energy Hydro...MYO AUNG Myanmar
THE REPUBLIC OF THE UNION OF MYANMAR
MINISTRY OF ELECTRICITY AND ENERGY
HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT PLANS
http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/e46682d2-cc3a-4d3c-9bc5-02496244c6b9/IFC's+General+Forum++(11+8+2016)UAKK.pdf?MOD=AJPERES
Hydropower Potential in Myanmar
This document provides an overview of Myanmar's power sector, including its primary energy supply, final energy consumption, and institutional structure. Some key points:
- Myanmar has abundant energy resources like hydropower and natural gas but per capita electricity consumption is among the lowest in Southeast Asia due to low electrification rates.
- Biomass accounts for over half of primary energy supply while natural gas and hydropower are also major sources. Final energy consumption is dominated by biomass used in the residential sector.
- The Ministry of Electric Power oversees policy and planning for the power sector while the Electricity Supply Enterprise and Electricity Supply Corporation are responsible for generation, transmission, and distribution.
-
Myanmar’s Hydropower Strategy and Its Impact on Industry PlayersDr. Oliver Massmann
This document summarizes Myanmar's hydropower strategy and its impact on industry players. It provides background on Myanmar's electricity sector and hydropower potential. Myanmar has significant untapped hydropower potential of over 200 TWh per year, mostly located along its major river basins. The government's hydropower strategy involves increasing installed capacity from 3 GW in 2012 to over 27 GW by 2030 through state-led projects and public-private partnerships. This expanded hydropower development is expected to meet projected electricity demand growth and transform Myanmar's industrial sector.
The document provides information about Myanmar's energy sector, including its institutional framework and opportunities for investment. A National Energy Management Committee was created to strengthen coordination among energy institutions. Myanmar has resources like natural gas, coal, and potential for renewable energy. However, developing renewable energy faces barriers like lack of data and awareness. The document outlines opportunities for joint ventures in areas like natural gas processing plants.
An Overview of the Electricity Industry in MyanmarVikas Sharma
This paper attempts to provide a comprehensive current-state assessment of Myanmar’s electricity sector, and goes on to offer some policy recommendations to tackle the key issues at hand.
As Myanmar embarks upon reversing the damage and realizing its potential, availability of electricity is crucial in all spheres – economic, health-related and educational. However, nowhere is the immensity of the task at hand more apparent than in the electricity sector. Less than 30% of households are connected to the electric-grid. Per capita consumption of power is lowest in ASEAN. There is over-reliance on hydropower and erratic demand-side management, especially in summer months. Current supply is almost 30% below demand, manifested in sweeping load-shedding. Planning is centralized, haphazard and seemingly untouched by market dynamics. Power plants have numerous breakdowns and abysmal efficiency. Transmission and distribution networks are antiquated and omit large expanses. Highly-subsidized electricity tariffs and resulting fiscal deficits have crippled public investment in infrastructure. Skepticism over political stability, heavy-handed government terms, and deficient financing ecosystem discourage private entrants.
SLP Consulting - Asian Rural Development FundSem de Moel
The document discusses providing off-grid electricity access in Myanmar through sustainable solutions like solar home systems and micro-hydro plants. It outlines plans to create an Asian Rural Development Fund that would indirectly finance such projects by working with local banks, microfinance institutions, and power suppliers. The business model involves the Fund providing debt financing to local partners to invest in energy systems, which would then be distributed and serviced in rural villages with customers paying monthly fees. Metrics and data are presented on potential project costs, repayment timelines, and pricing under the model. The goal is to increase electricity access, foster economic growth, and improve living standards across Myanmar.
The document discusses Myanmar's electricity needs and proposes short-term solutions to increase private small-scale power generation. It notes Myanmar's low electricity production and high prices compared to its neighbors. It recommends drafting laws to allow private companies to set up small power plants (1-10MW) fueled by oil, gas, biomass or solar to provide power to villages and industries. In the long-term, it suggests the government invest in large hydro and natural gas plants while updating the grid and transmission lines. The proposal includes technical presentations on setting up and operating small power plants profitably for 5 years before larger state plants take over.
The document provides an initial assessment of Myanmar's energy sector by the Asian Development Bank. It finds that Myanmar has abundant energy resources, particularly hydropower and natural gas. However, development of its energy sector has lagged due to economic sanctions over the past decades. With recent reforms, investment in the energy sector is expected to drive economic growth. The assessment identifies hydropower, natural gas, and coal as key subsectors and outlines development challenges and opportunities across generation, transmission, renewable energy, and energy efficiency.
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar Ministry of Electricity and Energy Hydro...MYO AUNG Myanmar
THE REPUBLIC OF THE UNION OF MYANMAR
MINISTRY OF ELECTRICITY AND ENERGY
HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT PLANS
http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/e46682d2-cc3a-4d3c-9bc5-02496244c6b9/IFC's+General+Forum++(11+8+2016)UAKK.pdf?MOD=AJPERES
Hydropower Potential in Myanmar
The document provides information about Myanmar Engineering Society (MES) and the current status of energy in Myanmar. MES is the largest professional organization for engineers in Myanmar, with over 36,000 members. It aims to develop the engineering profession through various training programs. MES also works closely with the government on energy matters and has been coordinating energy activities with regional partners like ACE. Currently, Myanmar is aiming to increase energy access and electric power capacity to support its growing economy, while also promoting renewable energy and energy efficiency.
What is the plan of your country to have a 100% green energy supply and is th...Dimas Naufal Al Ghifari
Analysis of Indonesia's current energy shape and its mix proportions. An overview of current energy state and the gap to meet its ambitious 23% RE mix goals are presented. Furthermore, alternative recommendations for govermental policy to boost and sustain its renewable energy mix are presented
This document provides an overview of the energy sector in Africa, with a focus on the power sector, renewable energy, and energy efficiency. It discusses the following key points:
- The power sector in Africa is characterized by small, unreliable systems. Access to electricity is low, at only about 35% across Africa. Renewable energy and energy efficiency have not been widely adopted.
- The power sector faces challenges like low capacity utilization, high transmission losses, and financial struggles at many utilities. Rural electrification rates remain very low, below 10% in many countries.
- Thermal power generation, mainly from oil and coal, dominates the energy mix. Hydropower accounts for only about 18% of generation
ICF ppt India Infrastructure - The road ahead for Power sector 16th May 2016Ashish Singla
The document summarizes a presentation on the road ahead for India's power sector. It discusses key trends like rising electricity demand and declining load factors. It outlines India's commitments under the Paris Agreement to reduce emissions intensity and increase non-fossil fuel capacity. The presentation analyzes the Indian power market until 2030 and highlights big game changers like large scale renewable energy additions and their integration challenges. It uses a proprietary modeling tool to address pertinent questions around meeting emission targets while integrating substantial renewable capacity.
Ministry electric power_myanmar_2_27_13Seokho Shin
This document provides an overview of the present and future development of Myanmar's power sector. It discusses policies, current generation and transmission/distribution facilities, demand forecasting for the short term from 2013-2016, planned generation and transmission projects to meet demand, and long term generation planning from 2016-2031. Key points include expanding generation from hydro, gas, and coal power plants, meeting projected demand growth of 15% annually, and increasing electrification across the country. The generation plan aims to increase installed capacity to over 54,000 MW by 2031 through domestic and foreign investment in numerous hydro and thermal power projects.
The document summarizes key aspects of EU energy policy and renewable energy development trends:
1) The EU has a number of interconnected energy policies aimed at increasing competitiveness, renewable energy use, energy efficiency, and reducing emissions.
2) The EU's 20-20-20 targets of 20% reductions in emissions, 20% renewable energy use, and 20% energy efficiency improvements by 2020 are driving a transition to low-carbon energy solutions.
3) The EU Renewables Directive sets national renewable energy targets and requirements to promote the development of renewable energy.
Cambodias-energy-industry Country profilePham Toan
Cambodia's electricity sector is dominated by diesel power generation. The country aims to expand access to electricity nationwide by 2020 and has significant hydropower potential. Peak electricity demand was 188 MW in 2007 according to EDC, with generation primarily from diesel and imports. The sector is overseen by the Ministry of Mines and Energy and Electricity Authority of Cambodia, while EDC is the main public utility. Generation is projected to increase substantially to meet demand, with plans for additional hydropower and other sources through 2021.
The document discusses energy efficiency opportunities and challenges in the ASEAN region. It begins with introducing IPEEC, an international forum that provides global leadership on energy efficiency. It then outlines ASEAN's energy challenges, including rising energy demand, energy poverty, and low energy efficiency. Significant energy savings potential exists in the region according to studies. However, barriers include a lack of clear targets and policies, capacity, and financing. Moving forward, strategies like developing policies, raising awareness, promoting best practices, and facilitating financing could help realize this potential. International expertise can also assist in areas such as policies, energy management, and data collection.
The article discusses the introduction of Incentive Based Regulation (IBR) in Malaysia and its effects. IBR was introduced on January 1, 2014 to create a more competitive and efficient energy sector. It aims to balance the needs of consumers and utilities. The Energy Commission worked to ensure IBR complied with government priorities like subsidy rationalization while establishing reasonable and affordable tariffs.
The document discusses how global fuel prices affect electricity generation in Malaysia. It explains that while Malaysia's main fuels for power generation are coal, natural gas, and LNG, crude oil only contributes a small amount. Coal and LNG prices fluctuate globally but natural gas is secured domestically at a subsidized price. The ICPT mechanism passes fuel cost changes to consumers every six months by adjusting electricity tariffs. A recent tariff reduction of 2.25 sen/kWh reflected the continued decline in global coal prices. The goal is to eventually reflect the actual cost of generation without subsidies.
power sector issues in Haryana and in IndiaKamaljit Singh
This document provides an overview of issues in India's power sector through a term paper presentation on the topic. It discusses the genesis and growth of electricity demand and production in India. It then focuses on the power sector framework in Haryana state, including its history, organizational structure involving generation, transmission and distribution, and reforms implemented. The document also outlines the relevant legislative frameworks in India including the Electricity Act of 2003, National Electricity Policy of 2005, and Electricity Amendment Bill of 2014. It describes various government schemes for rural electrification, renewable energy, and turnaround of power distribution companies. Finally, it discusses ongoing challenges in the sector such as tariff rates, transmission and distribution losses, financial constraints, and capacity short
Kuching | Jan-15 | Role of Existing Self-help Electrification in Off Grid are...Smart Villages
The second in our series of workshops designed to gather input from stakeholders involved in existing off-grid projects in Africa, Asia and Latin America. This event is workshop scheduled to be held in Malaysia for the ASEAN countries will be organised by the Academy of Sciences Malaysia (ASM) in collaboration with Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS).
The document discusses India's integrated energy policy and progress towards electricity sector reforms. It notes that India needs to increase primary energy supply 3-4 times and electricity supply 5 times by 2031-32 to sustain high economic growth. Key objectives are energy security, reliability, affordability and meeting needs in a sustainable manner. National programs like RGGVY have expanded rural electrification but losses and deficits remain high in many states. Continued reforms, infrastructure investments and adoption of new technologies are needed across generation, transmission and distribution.
INTRODUCTION TO LOGISTICS
OVERVIEW & CHALLENGES OF LOGISTICS INDUSTRY
ENERGY EFFICIENCY INLOGISTICS INDUSTRY –
AREAS OF POTENTIAL IMPROVEMENT & APPROACHES FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT LOGISTICS
DISCUSSIONS, CONCLUSIONS & THE WAY FORWARD
ENERGY EFFICIENCY POLICY REVIEW & RECOMMENDATIONS TO EE SUMMIT ABUJA NOV 18 ...Benjamin Ogbalor
The document discusses energy efficiency in Nigeria. It outlines Nigeria's energy challenges including unstable power supply and infrastructure issues. Definitions of energy efficiency and conservation are provided. Barriers to promoting energy efficiency in Nigeria are analyzed, including policy, cost, behavioral, and technical barriers. Recommendations include establishing a Bureau for Energy Efficiency to coordinate policy and programs. The draft energy efficiency policy's goals are to reduce emissions through standards and labels for appliances and establishing minimum energy performance standards.
The 3rd ASEAN Energy Outlook (ppt final v.3)benisuryadi
The 3rd ASEAN Energy Outlook provides projections for energy demand, supply, and CO2 emissions in Southeast Asia between 2007-2030. It finds that under a business-as-usual scenario, primary energy consumption and emissions would triple due to strong economic growth. However, an alternative policy scenario that incorporates greater energy efficiency, renewable energy, and nuclear power could reduce projected primary energy use and emissions by 18-24% compared to business-as-usual. Key challenges for the region include increasing reliance on imported fuels if domestic production does not rise and the need for aggressive efficiency policies to curb carbon emissions from strong coal demand growth.
The 3rd ASEAN Energy Outlook (public edition)benisuryadi
The document summarizes the key findings of the 3rd ASEAN Energy Outlook report. It projects that under a business-as-usual scenario, ASEAN's primary energy consumption and CO2 emissions will increase threefold by 2030, driven largely by increased use of oil, gas, and coal. However, an alternative policy scenario that incorporates more aggressive energy efficiency measures and greater renewable energy development could reduce energy consumption by up to 24% compared to the business-as-usual outlook. The report recommends that ASEAN countries pursue more ambitious energy efficiency and conservation programs to reduce carbon intensity and strengthen energy security in the region.
A presentation on opportunities for employment in the Indian Energy Sector. This presentation was given to the final year students of my Alma Matter - Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra (BIT Mesra) during the Silver Jubilee Reunion on 21st November 2008.
Arab Region Progress in Sustainable Energy Challenges and OpportunitiesRCREEE
The document summarizes the current status of sustainable energy in the Arab region and key challenges. Near-universal electricity access has been achieved in cities, but rural access remains around 80%. Energy consumption has more than doubled since 1990, with renewables playing a marginal role at 4% of energy. Barriers to expanding renewable energy and energy efficiency include high costs, lack of incentives, and insufficient policies. Universal access to electricity and clean cooking fuels has not been achieved. Water scarcity and dependence on fossil fuels are significant regional challenges. Promoting investments, technology, capacity building, and data are priorities to meet development and climate goals.
The document provides information on Myanmar's oil and gas exploration program and key projects. It outlines MOGE's goals to explore and produce oil and gas onshore for self-sufficiency and oversee production sharing contracts offshore. It lists Myanmar's major onshore and offshore oil and gas fields and concessions. It provides details on the Yadana and Yetagun offshore gas projects including reserves, sellers, buyers, facilities, and export details. It also discusses recent gas discoveries in Blocks A-1, A-3, M-9 including the Zawtika and Shwe Pyi Htay fields and potential utilization options for the discovered gas.
Ports Development in Myanmar (BURMA) together with the development of Special Economic Zones (SEZs), and supply base options for Myanmar Oil and Gas Offshore Industry
The document provides information about Myanmar Engineering Society (MES) and the current status of energy in Myanmar. MES is the largest professional organization for engineers in Myanmar, with over 36,000 members. It aims to develop the engineering profession through various training programs. MES also works closely with the government on energy matters and has been coordinating energy activities with regional partners like ACE. Currently, Myanmar is aiming to increase energy access and electric power capacity to support its growing economy, while also promoting renewable energy and energy efficiency.
What is the plan of your country to have a 100% green energy supply and is th...Dimas Naufal Al Ghifari
Analysis of Indonesia's current energy shape and its mix proportions. An overview of current energy state and the gap to meet its ambitious 23% RE mix goals are presented. Furthermore, alternative recommendations for govermental policy to boost and sustain its renewable energy mix are presented
This document provides an overview of the energy sector in Africa, with a focus on the power sector, renewable energy, and energy efficiency. It discusses the following key points:
- The power sector in Africa is characterized by small, unreliable systems. Access to electricity is low, at only about 35% across Africa. Renewable energy and energy efficiency have not been widely adopted.
- The power sector faces challenges like low capacity utilization, high transmission losses, and financial struggles at many utilities. Rural electrification rates remain very low, below 10% in many countries.
- Thermal power generation, mainly from oil and coal, dominates the energy mix. Hydropower accounts for only about 18% of generation
ICF ppt India Infrastructure - The road ahead for Power sector 16th May 2016Ashish Singla
The document summarizes a presentation on the road ahead for India's power sector. It discusses key trends like rising electricity demand and declining load factors. It outlines India's commitments under the Paris Agreement to reduce emissions intensity and increase non-fossil fuel capacity. The presentation analyzes the Indian power market until 2030 and highlights big game changers like large scale renewable energy additions and their integration challenges. It uses a proprietary modeling tool to address pertinent questions around meeting emission targets while integrating substantial renewable capacity.
Ministry electric power_myanmar_2_27_13Seokho Shin
This document provides an overview of the present and future development of Myanmar's power sector. It discusses policies, current generation and transmission/distribution facilities, demand forecasting for the short term from 2013-2016, planned generation and transmission projects to meet demand, and long term generation planning from 2016-2031. Key points include expanding generation from hydro, gas, and coal power plants, meeting projected demand growth of 15% annually, and increasing electrification across the country. The generation plan aims to increase installed capacity to over 54,000 MW by 2031 through domestic and foreign investment in numerous hydro and thermal power projects.
The document summarizes key aspects of EU energy policy and renewable energy development trends:
1) The EU has a number of interconnected energy policies aimed at increasing competitiveness, renewable energy use, energy efficiency, and reducing emissions.
2) The EU's 20-20-20 targets of 20% reductions in emissions, 20% renewable energy use, and 20% energy efficiency improvements by 2020 are driving a transition to low-carbon energy solutions.
3) The EU Renewables Directive sets national renewable energy targets and requirements to promote the development of renewable energy.
Cambodias-energy-industry Country profilePham Toan
Cambodia's electricity sector is dominated by diesel power generation. The country aims to expand access to electricity nationwide by 2020 and has significant hydropower potential. Peak electricity demand was 188 MW in 2007 according to EDC, with generation primarily from diesel and imports. The sector is overseen by the Ministry of Mines and Energy and Electricity Authority of Cambodia, while EDC is the main public utility. Generation is projected to increase substantially to meet demand, with plans for additional hydropower and other sources through 2021.
The document discusses energy efficiency opportunities and challenges in the ASEAN region. It begins with introducing IPEEC, an international forum that provides global leadership on energy efficiency. It then outlines ASEAN's energy challenges, including rising energy demand, energy poverty, and low energy efficiency. Significant energy savings potential exists in the region according to studies. However, barriers include a lack of clear targets and policies, capacity, and financing. Moving forward, strategies like developing policies, raising awareness, promoting best practices, and facilitating financing could help realize this potential. International expertise can also assist in areas such as policies, energy management, and data collection.
The article discusses the introduction of Incentive Based Regulation (IBR) in Malaysia and its effects. IBR was introduced on January 1, 2014 to create a more competitive and efficient energy sector. It aims to balance the needs of consumers and utilities. The Energy Commission worked to ensure IBR complied with government priorities like subsidy rationalization while establishing reasonable and affordable tariffs.
The document discusses how global fuel prices affect electricity generation in Malaysia. It explains that while Malaysia's main fuels for power generation are coal, natural gas, and LNG, crude oil only contributes a small amount. Coal and LNG prices fluctuate globally but natural gas is secured domestically at a subsidized price. The ICPT mechanism passes fuel cost changes to consumers every six months by adjusting electricity tariffs. A recent tariff reduction of 2.25 sen/kWh reflected the continued decline in global coal prices. The goal is to eventually reflect the actual cost of generation without subsidies.
power sector issues in Haryana and in IndiaKamaljit Singh
This document provides an overview of issues in India's power sector through a term paper presentation on the topic. It discusses the genesis and growth of electricity demand and production in India. It then focuses on the power sector framework in Haryana state, including its history, organizational structure involving generation, transmission and distribution, and reforms implemented. The document also outlines the relevant legislative frameworks in India including the Electricity Act of 2003, National Electricity Policy of 2005, and Electricity Amendment Bill of 2014. It describes various government schemes for rural electrification, renewable energy, and turnaround of power distribution companies. Finally, it discusses ongoing challenges in the sector such as tariff rates, transmission and distribution losses, financial constraints, and capacity short
Kuching | Jan-15 | Role of Existing Self-help Electrification in Off Grid are...Smart Villages
The second in our series of workshops designed to gather input from stakeholders involved in existing off-grid projects in Africa, Asia and Latin America. This event is workshop scheduled to be held in Malaysia for the ASEAN countries will be organised by the Academy of Sciences Malaysia (ASM) in collaboration with Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS).
The document discusses India's integrated energy policy and progress towards electricity sector reforms. It notes that India needs to increase primary energy supply 3-4 times and electricity supply 5 times by 2031-32 to sustain high economic growth. Key objectives are energy security, reliability, affordability and meeting needs in a sustainable manner. National programs like RGGVY have expanded rural electrification but losses and deficits remain high in many states. Continued reforms, infrastructure investments and adoption of new technologies are needed across generation, transmission and distribution.
INTRODUCTION TO LOGISTICS
OVERVIEW & CHALLENGES OF LOGISTICS INDUSTRY
ENERGY EFFICIENCY INLOGISTICS INDUSTRY –
AREAS OF POTENTIAL IMPROVEMENT & APPROACHES FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT LOGISTICS
DISCUSSIONS, CONCLUSIONS & THE WAY FORWARD
ENERGY EFFICIENCY POLICY REVIEW & RECOMMENDATIONS TO EE SUMMIT ABUJA NOV 18 ...Benjamin Ogbalor
The document discusses energy efficiency in Nigeria. It outlines Nigeria's energy challenges including unstable power supply and infrastructure issues. Definitions of energy efficiency and conservation are provided. Barriers to promoting energy efficiency in Nigeria are analyzed, including policy, cost, behavioral, and technical barriers. Recommendations include establishing a Bureau for Energy Efficiency to coordinate policy and programs. The draft energy efficiency policy's goals are to reduce emissions through standards and labels for appliances and establishing minimum energy performance standards.
The 3rd ASEAN Energy Outlook (ppt final v.3)benisuryadi
The 3rd ASEAN Energy Outlook provides projections for energy demand, supply, and CO2 emissions in Southeast Asia between 2007-2030. It finds that under a business-as-usual scenario, primary energy consumption and emissions would triple due to strong economic growth. However, an alternative policy scenario that incorporates greater energy efficiency, renewable energy, and nuclear power could reduce projected primary energy use and emissions by 18-24% compared to business-as-usual. Key challenges for the region include increasing reliance on imported fuels if domestic production does not rise and the need for aggressive efficiency policies to curb carbon emissions from strong coal demand growth.
The 3rd ASEAN Energy Outlook (public edition)benisuryadi
The document summarizes the key findings of the 3rd ASEAN Energy Outlook report. It projects that under a business-as-usual scenario, ASEAN's primary energy consumption and CO2 emissions will increase threefold by 2030, driven largely by increased use of oil, gas, and coal. However, an alternative policy scenario that incorporates more aggressive energy efficiency measures and greater renewable energy development could reduce energy consumption by up to 24% compared to the business-as-usual outlook. The report recommends that ASEAN countries pursue more ambitious energy efficiency and conservation programs to reduce carbon intensity and strengthen energy security in the region.
A presentation on opportunities for employment in the Indian Energy Sector. This presentation was given to the final year students of my Alma Matter - Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra (BIT Mesra) during the Silver Jubilee Reunion on 21st November 2008.
Arab Region Progress in Sustainable Energy Challenges and OpportunitiesRCREEE
The document summarizes the current status of sustainable energy in the Arab region and key challenges. Near-universal electricity access has been achieved in cities, but rural access remains around 80%. Energy consumption has more than doubled since 1990, with renewables playing a marginal role at 4% of energy. Barriers to expanding renewable energy and energy efficiency include high costs, lack of incentives, and insufficient policies. Universal access to electricity and clean cooking fuels has not been achieved. Water scarcity and dependence on fossil fuels are significant regional challenges. Promoting investments, technology, capacity building, and data are priorities to meet development and climate goals.
The document provides information on Myanmar's oil and gas exploration program and key projects. It outlines MOGE's goals to explore and produce oil and gas onshore for self-sufficiency and oversee production sharing contracts offshore. It lists Myanmar's major onshore and offshore oil and gas fields and concessions. It provides details on the Yadana and Yetagun offshore gas projects including reserves, sellers, buyers, facilities, and export details. It also discusses recent gas discoveries in Blocks A-1, A-3, M-9 including the Zawtika and Shwe Pyi Htay fields and potential utilization options for the discovered gas.
Ports Development in Myanmar (BURMA) together with the development of Special Economic Zones (SEZs), and supply base options for Myanmar Oil and Gas Offshore Industry
The document discusses the demonstrative adjectives this, that, these, and those. It explains that this and these are used for objects near the speaker, while that and those are used for objects farther away. Examples are provided to illustrate the proper uses of each adjective in both subject and object position in sentences. The document concludes by encouraging the reader to practice using demonstrative adjectives.
The alligator snapping turtle is one of the largest freshwater turtles in the world found in southern US states like Florida and Mississippi. While young turtles are carnivorous, adults are scavengers. The largest recorded alligator snapping turtle weighed 403 pounds. Females lay between 10-50 eggs at a time. Alligator snapping turtles have a large head, thick shell, and can weigh up to 175 pounds.
The Australian lungfish lives along the southwestern coast of Australia and eats frogs, fish, shrimp, earthworms, plants, and fallen fruit. It has a long, heavy body covered in large overlapping scales and stiff fins resembling flippers. During winter, it migrates farther south and returns when winter is over. Its coloring is typically brown to green with some having dark spots near their tails.
Frogfish are a type of anglerfish that can camouflage themselves and expand up to 12 times their own size. They have a fleshy antenna that dangles from their head and ends in a lure that mimics shapes and movement to attract prey such as crustaceans and other small fish, which they will also sometimes eat each other.
This document discusses demonstrative adjectives and provides examples of their singular and plural forms depending on distance from the speaker or object. Demonstrative adjectives include this/these for nearby objects and that/those for objects farther away, with singular forms used for one object and plural forms for multiple objects.
The document provides guidelines for composition writing for B1/B2/C1 level classes. It discusses the key parts of a composition, including the introduction, supporting paragraphs, and summary paragraph. It also covers pre-writing steps such as brainstorming, outlining, and organizing ideas. The document describes editing for grammar, style, and organization. Finally, it discusses different types of essays like descriptive and discursive, and provides useful phrases for essay writing.
The document provides an overview of topics and activities for a unit on biodiversity and evolution. It discusses the importance of biodiversity, including species, genetic, and ecosystem diversity. It introduces key concepts such as evolution by natural selection and plate tectonics changing the environment and influencing the evolution of species over time.
This document discusses implementing power projects in Myanmar. It outlines key legislation related to state-owned enterprises, electricity, foreign investment, labor reform, and the environment. It describes the various government ministries and departments involved in the power sector and independent power producer (IPP) process. The document advises that experience navigating Myanmar's complicated legal system is important, and working with local partners and experienced advisers can help foreign energy companies develop power projects as IPPs in Myanmar.
Briefing on Myanmar National Planning Law (FYI 2014-2015)Wunna Htun
This document summarizes Myanmar's National Planning Law for the 2014-2015 fiscal year. It outlines the law's objectives and provisions. Key points include:
- The law has 3 chapters and was enacted on April 1, 2014 for the country's 4th year of its first 5-year short-term plan from 2011-2012 to 2015-2016.
- National plans include 20-year long-term plans, 5-year short-term plans, and annual plans. Sectoral and regional plans must complement each other.
- GDP growth targets are set for different sectors and regions, with the highest targeted at 28.2% for Naypyitaw council area and the lowest at 2% for
Sharing the Wealth: A Roadmap for Distributing Myanmar’s Natural Resource Rev...MYO AUNG Myanmar
http://www.resourcegovernance.org/sites/default/files/nrgi_sharing_Myanmar_Revenue-Sharing.pdf
Oil, natural gas and mineral revenues are generated
in nearly every state and region in Myanmar,
with the most important onshore interests lying
in Bago, Kachin, Magway, Mandalay, Sagaing,
Shan and Tanintharyi. In these areas and others,
extractive activities have significantly impacted
livelihoods and the local environment. Populations
in affected areas also assert a lack of direct benefits
from the extractive industry.
In response, the newly elected National League
for Democracy (NLD) has committed to “work
to ensure a fair distribution across the country of
the profits from natural resource extraction, in
accordance with the principles of a federal union.”
Furthermore, regional and state leaders and several
ethnic armed groups have pointed to natural
resource revenue sharing as a key component in
national reform, fiscal decentralization and peace
processes. As such, distribution of natural resource
revenues to subnational authorities will be a central
component of any decentralization effort and could
even feature in discussions around the creation of a
new Myanmar federation.
This document provides guidance on expanding a single paragraph into a full composition consisting of an introduction, three body paragraphs, and a conclusion. It explains the key components of each section, including how the introduction should introduce the topic without a topic sentence and end with a controlling idea, and how each body paragraph should begin with a topic sentence focusing on one aspect of the controlling idea. Sample compositions are also provided as models.
A paragraph consists of several sentences grouped together to discuss one main subject. It usually begins with a topic sentence that introduces the subject, followed by supporting sentences that explain or expand on the topic sentence. Some paragraphs also include a concluding sentence that summarizes the information without repeating the topic sentence.
The alligator snapping turtle is one of the largest freshwater turtles in the world found in southern US states like Florida and Mississippi. While young turtles are carnivorous, adults are scavengers. The largest recorded alligator snapping turtle weighed 403 pounds. Females lay between 10-50 eggs at a time. Alligator snapping turtles have a large head and thick shell with ridges, and can grow up to 175 pounds.
Demonstrative adjectives point out persons, places, or things relative to the speaker's position and distance. They agree in gender and number with the noun they modify and always come before the noun. There are singular and plural forms of the demonstrative adjectives "este/a" (this), "ese/a" (that), and "aquel/la" (that over there) to refer to things at different distances from the speaker. Examples are provided to demonstrate their use with nouns like book, cup, fork.
The document summarizes a visit to the Oceanarium in Lisbon. It opened in 1998 with the theme of "The oceans, a heritage for the future." Visitors are amazed by over 16,000 animals and plants representing over 450 species. The Oceanarium is Europe's largest aquarium, second only to the Osaka Aquarium in Japan. It was built to raise awareness about pollution and overexploitation threatening the oceans.
The document describes the technical specifications of an evacuated glass tube manifold solar water heater. It uses a selective coating with aluminum nitride and aluminum applied via magnetron sputtering technology. The collector design consists of three concentric borosilicate glass tubes that are 1800mm long and have a 1.6mm thick glass wall. The manifold is made of stainless steel or galvanized iron and insulated with 50mm of polyurethane foam.
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The document discusses several key points regarding TRAIN 1 and the need for TRAIN 2 reforms:
1) TRAIN 1 introduced distortions like high personal income tax rates of 30-35% and corporate income tax rates that are among the highest in Asia.
2) Many countries are trending towards lower personal income tax rates to provide higher take-home pay and boost domestic consumption.
3) The Philippines already has high taxes in other areas like the highest VAT in ASEAN and among the highest dividend and interest withholding taxes.
4) A federalist system could reduce national taxes and assign more revenue raising powers to state/regional governments to fund local infrastructure projects through their own tax systems.
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Of the 315 million rural people expected to gain access to electricity by 2040 in Africa, 140 million are projected to gain access through mini-grids.
Even though Tanzania has made strides in developing a supportive policy and regulatory environment for mini-grids, there remains much to be done in further sharpening some of these policies and regulations, scaling access to financing, building the capacity of local actors to engage and ensuring effective coordination between the government, private sector, development and donor organizations as well as civil society to scale up the sector and drive local development impacts.
The World Resources Institute, in partnership with the Tanzania Traditional Energy Development Organization (TaTEDO), has conducted research exploring the status of mini-grids in Tanzania. Lily Odarno of WRI, and Estomih Sawe and Maneno Katyega of TaTEDO presented this research during a webinar hosted by Clean Energy Solutions on May 31, 2016.
Public Private Partnerships. Infrastructure Projects Plan in Indonesia.Oswar Mungkasa
The PPP Book aims to provide reliable information to prospective investors
on projects in the PPP pipeline. Its true value lies in the accuracy of the
information. Projects are categorized according to the stage of development
they have reached. A PPP project must be market ready in the true sense of
the word when it is categorized as “ready for offer”. What this implies is that
the basic conditions underlying its business case, such as land availability
and government support (if applicable) are largely met or soon to be met.
The current PPP Book is an update of the 2011 version, incorporating recent
developments. To date, 12 projects have been tendered out. In this 2012
version, there are 3 projects ready for offer, 26 projects under the category
“priority” and 29 projects under “potential”. There are 9 new projects that
are not in the 2011 PPP Book, of which 1 is classified as “priority” and 8
as “potential”. A significant difference from the 2011 version is that the
number of “potential” projects is reduced from 45 to 29 as a result of more
rigorous screening.
This document discusses plans to develop the North-East region of India through the North-East Industrial Corridor (NEIC) project. The NEIC aims to connect Kolkata to the ASEAN countries through Bangladesh and the North-East states, providing employment, infrastructure development, and access to international markets. Key goals of the NEIC include doubling employment, tripling industrial output, and quadrupling exports from the region over five years. Developing infrastructure like roads, railways, and hydropower is emphasized to support industry and trade.
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OMassmann - Investment into the grid and transmission system in Vietnam (2024...Dr. Oliver Massmann
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The document summarizes a Mongolia Investment Summit that took place on May 1-2, 2014. It discusses the Mongolian power sector context including its growing demand, dated asset base, and loss-making state. It highlights the Salkhit Wind Farm project as a successful precedent of private sector investment and public-private partnership. It also provides an overview of Georgia's energy transition, including private investment projects and strategic initiatives to promote further private renewable development and regional energy integration.
The document outlines the Asian Development Bank's (ADB) Energy for All program to increase energy access in developing Asia. It discusses ADB's ongoing support for energy access projects and partnerships. It then proposes a technical assistance project for Myanmar to support off-grid renewable energy access through pilot installations of various models and an energy access planning approach in select regions, building on an existing ADB rural livelihoods project.
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This document provides guidance for solar developers in Pakistan. It begins with background on Pakistan's economy and energy sector, noting recent positive economic growth and energy sector reforms. The document then outlines Pakistan's significant solar potential and progress to date in solar development. It describes the process for developing solar projects in Pakistan, which involves three main stages: obtaining a Letter of Intent, progressing to a Letter of Support, and reaching financial close. It also details the key power sector institutions and regulations around tariffs, taxes, and risks. The goal is to inform international developers on developing utility-scale solar projects in Pakistan.
A new report published today by The Economist Intelligence Unit finds that progress in providing faster broadband access varies significantly across South-East Asia, despite the economic opportunities being well acknowledged.
There are great differences in the level of broadband planning and implementation, where even leaders, such as Singapore and Malaysia, face challenges in achieving greater coverage and uptake. In Singapore, 95% of households have access to fiber to the home (FTTH) network speed and 46% of them have subscribed to it. In Myanmar, by contrast, there is not even a national broadband plan. Among those with a plan for development, implementation is uneven.
This is among the key findings of The future of broadband in South-East Asia, an Economist Intelligence Unit report commissioned by Huawei. Although the Association of Southeast Asian Nations’ ICT Masterplan 2015 maps out a strategy to achieve greater integration across six areas, including infrastructure development and bridging the digital divide, implementation remains a domestic issue. In Malaysia, for instance, broadband targets are based on speeds of 256Kbps with the aim to provide 10Mbps or greater to high economic impact areas. The government has set a target to increase the broadband penetration rate to 75% of households by 2015.
Mobile-broadband has been touted as a quick way to provide broader access, but experts are now concluding that it is not a silver bullet. Conversion of spectrum allocation, the necessary technical development to provide faster mobile speeds, has been slow across much of the region. Even where successful policies are in place, such as in Singapore, limited bandwidth for data poses an emerging challenge. This highlights the continued importance of fixed broadband networks to supplement increasingly crowded mobile networks.
The report also finds that, in order not to fall behind, regulators are now taking a more holistic perspective and working with industry to resolve such issues and promote strong infrastructure environments.
As the information society grows in importance, digital inclusiveness becomes more urgent. Yet reaching rural and vulnerable populations remains difficult even for leading countries such as Singapore and Malaysia. Cyber security has also emerged as an issue which can affect uptake.
Despite the financial and practical challenges of broadband implementation, it remains the easier part of the supply and demand equation. More difficult are the challenges of improving affordability and raising awareness of the benefits of broadband adoption. Countries are only now beginning to tackle these issues.
The document provides an analysis of Pakistan's draft National Electricity Policy 2020. It begins with an introduction to the policy and outlines its stated goals of ensuring affordable, secure, and sustainable electricity. However, the document finds the policy lacks specificity and concreteness. It does not clearly define how goals will be balanced or measured. Additionally, the document raises several criticisms and questions around how various sections of the policy can be realistically implemented based on its current level of detail and guidance. It concludes the policy fails to ensure the necessary leadership and capacity is in place to achieve its goals.
To mitigate the sector’s market and financial barriers, the Indian Government has sought climate financing from international banks. Additionally, with technical assistance programs, the early market-related risks and challenges, such as lack of experience and technical knowledge amongst the key stakeholders are to be overcome in order to accelerate deployment of rooftop solar.
The scope of this briefing note is to provide an understanding of the current state of grid-connected rooftop solar financing in the country and, in particular, in Tamil Nadu. It evaluates the state of the international lines of credit, its implementation at state level (for Tamil Nadu), and the availability and accessibility of the financial support. Through this, the document aims to identify possible gaps and challenges existing today in financing rooftop solar.
The document provides an overview of activities undertaken by the Independent Power Producers Association of India (IPPAI) from January to December 2015. It summarizes IPPAI's role in advocating for the power sector through consultations with government stakeholders on policy and regulatory issues. Key activities included pre-budget consultations with suggestions for the Finance Minister, workshops on the Electricity Amendment Bill 2014 in various cities, and conferences focused on "Powering" specific states. Recommendations from these events addressed challenges like fuel costs and availability, financing, clean energy incentives and infrastructure development.
The document discusses the Hyderabad Metro Rail project in India. It provides an overview of Hyderabad and the need for a metro system to address traffic issues. The initial phase of the project was awarded to L&T in 2010 to construct an elevated metro rail system across three corridors. The project uses public-private partnership funding and faces risks such as land acquisition delays, cost overruns, and coordination challenges. Mitigation strategies include expediting approvals and completing land acquisition before project commencement.
The document summarizes the objectives and ongoing projects of the Eastern Africa Power Pool (EAPP), which aims to facilitate power trading and development of electricity markets in Eastern Africa. Key points include:
1) EAPP objectives are to secure power supply, facilitate electricity market development, and optimize resource usage through socially and environmentally acceptable investments.
2) Ongoing projects supported by various organizations focus on developing frameworks, assessing market potential, and increasing generation and transmission infrastructure to enable regional power trade.
3) A regional master plan identifies generation and transmission projects over 25 years, and developed a common grid code to coordinate development across countries.
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2. www.duanemorris.com
Power is the highest priority sector in
Asia but there is a lack of bankable
projects 4.5
4.
03.5
3.0
2.5
Non-Bankable
USB 2 *
Marginally Bankable
1
5Bankabl
elUSSl 1.0
0.5
Source
:ADBjSOIQk IE Analgia 00
Energy Telecom Transpcfi Water1 &
Saniiation
• Only 5-10% of demand in Asia is currently bankable (US$ 40 to 80 Billion per year)
• 30-45% of demand in Asia is marginally bankable (US$ 240 to 360 Billion per year)
2
3. www.duanemorris.com
More organizations are needed that focus
on creating bankable projects
Stages of
Infrastructure
Project
Development
Stage I: Idea
Generation &
Early-Stage
Project
Development
Stage 2: Project
Development
Financial
Close
Stage 3:
Construction
Stage 4:
Operation
L
InfraCo
Asia plays a
key role in
attracting
more
private
sector
investment
but very few
peers exist
3
• Investment at this stage only
$2 to $3 Million (2 to 10% of
the total cost depending on
project size)
• However, riskiest stage of
investment
• Lack of sources of early
stage financing in industry
• IFC Infra Ventures
• Global Infrastructure Facility
• Recent World Bank initiative
• Supported by Australian government,
European institutions and Swiss firms
Most institutional investors
focus on Stage 3 and Stage
4 projects as a way to
diversify their portfolios
• Commercial Banks
• Multi-laterals
• Private Equity
• Pension Funds
• Sovereign Wealth Funds
• Infrastructure focused
government sponsored
funds such as AIF,
AIIB
4. www.duanemorris.com
US$M
Recent PPP transactions show
investments are not proportional to the
requirementDistribution of PPP Projects by country (on value)
Vietnam
0
%Thailand
20%
Singapore
1%
Indonesia
13
%
Lao
s
12
%
Myanmar
9%
Value of PPP projects by country/sector
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
II . I
Water & Waste
Transport
Social & Health
Energy
;<* &
o? * or
4 Source: World Bank, InfraPPP
Distribution of PPP Projects by sector (on value)
Water &
Waste
1
%
1
2
1
0
8
6
4
2
0
Social &
Health
3
%
Number of PPP projects by country/sector
I I I r .1. :
Water &
Waste
Transport
Social & Health
Energy&ey>
J?<F
&
<
>
5. www.duanemorris.com
Very few countries have power deals
Country Project Name Value Sector Status
Philippines Manila ITS south terminal PPP Project $87M Transport Project Awarded
Cavite and Laguna Expressway PPP $1228M Project Signed
Integrated Transport system for Cavite SW Terminal $74M Project Signed
Mactan Cebu International airport $515M Financial Close
Manila LRT Line 1 extension PPP $1470M Project Signed
Manila’s Automatic Fare Collection System (AFCS) $40M Project signed
NAIA Expressway PPP project $360M Project Signed
Philippines Orthopedic Center $135M Social & Health Financial Close
Calamba Regional Government PPP Center $57M Project in Operation
PPP for School infrastructure Project $425M Project Awarded
Indonesia Perbakaran-Tebing Tinggi Toll road PPP project $303M Transport Financial Close
First container terminal at Kalibaru port, north Jakarta $393M Project signed
Sarulla Geothermal Project $1541M Energy Financial Closure
Rajamandala Hydro Power Plant $110M Financial Closure
Thailand Gulf TS1 Co Ltd (Natural Gas) $2200M Energy Financial Close
Khanom 4 CCGT (Natural Gas) $822M Financial Close
EA Solar Lampang Solar PV Power Plant $199 Financial Close
Bowin 1 Gas Fired Plant $189M Financial Close
Malaysia Jabor-Kg Gemuruh highway concession $1000M Transport Project Awarded
Senai-Desaru Expressway (SDE) Johor $423M Project in Operation
Penang underground tunnel link concession $2000M Project Signed
Myanmar Mandalay International Airport $100M Transport Project Signed
Hanthawaddy International Airport $1400M Project Awarded
Laos Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy hydropower plant $1043M Energy Financial Close
Nam Ngiep 1 Hydropower Project $980M Financial Close
Vietnam Phu Quoc Island Seaport BOT $75M Transport Project Awarded
Singapore Changi Newater II PPP $132M Water & Waste Project Awarded
5 Source: World Bank, InfraPPP
6. www.duanemorris.com
There is room for more power projects
in the PPP pipeline in South-East Asia
Country Implemented projects Pipeline Airport Social Water
&
Waste
Power Surface
Transport
Myanmar Power, Airport Limited ✓
Cambodia Power, Airport Limited
Lao PDR Hydropower 13 projects ✓ ✓ ✓
Vietnam Power Being developed ✓ ✓
Indonesia Power, Water 27 projects1 ✓ ✓ ✓
Philippines Airport, Highway, Schools 37 projects ✓ ✓ ✓
Malaysia Highway 52 projects2 ✓ ✓ ✓
Thailand Highway Being developed ✓
Singapore Water, Social Limited ✓
1. Asper2013 PPP Book
2. As per 10th Malaysia
Plan
Q Source: ERIA, December 2014
7. www.duanemorris.com
The PPP frameworks heavily
influence private sector investment...
Country Policy
Framework
Legal
Framework
PPP Govt
Agency
Guidelines Govt Financial
Support
Land
Acquisition
Myanmar Few infra policies in
dev plan
New Foreign
Investment Law
No specific PPP
agency
No published PPP
guidelines
No developed regime Limited govt
support
Cambodia Limited PPP
specific policies
Use Law on
Concession
CDC is focal point
for concession law
Procurement
manual
No developed regime Limited Govt
support
Lao PDR Limited PPP
specific policies
No specific laws
(FDI laws used)
No specific PPP
agency
MPI Investment
guidebook
No developed regime
beyond tax incentives
Limited govt
support
Vietnam Policies for PPP
projects & FS fund
Based on 2010
PPP regulations
2012 PPP Team &
Steering Comm
No published PPP
guidelines
Govt guarantees on
BOT power projects
Limited govt
support
Indonesia Economic Master
Plan & PPP book
Several specific
PPP laws/regns
Bappenas and
other bodies
PPP Investor’s
guide & PPP Book
Guarantee (through
IIGF) and VGF
Land Funds or
related laws
Philippine
s
Philippines
Development Plan
BOT framework;
impl rules/reg
PPP Center PPP Manual &
Sector Guidelines
Project development &
monitoring facility
Strategic Fund for
ROW acquisition
Malaysia Privatization policy,
2009 PPP guideline
No specific PPP
laws
3PU (UKAS) PPP Guideline
(2009)
Facilitation Fund for
private initiatives
Federal/State can
acquire private
land
Thailand General infra
policies to develop
PPP regime
Act for Private
Investment in
state undertaking
PPP Committee No published PPP
Guidelines
No developed regime Govt responsible
for land acquisition
Singapore Some policies set
out in PPP
handbook.
No specific PPP
laws
MOF has overall
responsibility
PPP Handbook
published by MOF
Refinancing guarantee
on Sports Hub PPP
(2010)
Compulsory
acquisition is
possible
PPP specific framework Limited PPP framework No PPP framework
7 Source: ERIA, December 2014
8. www.duanemorris.com
...as well as restrictions on private and
foreign investment
%
Power
Ports
Roads
Water
Max prr/ata - — MaxFDI
Max FDI <50%
United
States
100
Railways
Teleoom
Irrigation
100
100
100
100
100
100
Airports 100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
United
Kingdom
India
100 100100
100 100100
100 100100
100 100100
100 100
100
100 100100
Indonesia
100
100
74
100
100
1002
74
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Vietnam
49
49*
95
100
Thailand
Max FEH <30%
Philippines
100 100 100 100 100 10D
*
0 0 100 100 100 40
100
49 49
100
95 49
100
55 49
49
49
0
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
40
100 100
100 100*
100 40
100 100*
100 100*
lNo limitations. However critical infrastructure prqj ects are subject to congressional review.
2ioo?ti for building railway infrastructure; rail operations are run sdely by government.
applies to fixed-line infrastructure; limit for mobile infrastructure is 65%.
4iooPti for greenfield projects; 40% for brov.ufield proj ects.
8 Source: McKinsey, March 2011
13. www.duanemorris.com
Myanmar has some of the lowest rates of
electrification and consumption in the
worldCurrent Scenario
■ Electrification ratio
increased from 16%
in 2006 to 33% in
2014
■ Average
electrification ratio in
rural areas is about
16% Challenging
proposition
Planned Scenario
■ Government has set
100% electrification
target by 2030
Source: MOEP (2011-2012), ESE, YESB data
Per capita consumption rate is ~160kWh/year which is 20x lower than world average
7
14. www.duanemorris.com
>7m households’ main source of lighting
is not electricity
Of
l
ra
c
(U
u
l_
(U
CL
This represents
• 2.4M Urban households
• 1.2M Rural households
At 6 people per household, this
is ~20M people or ~33% of
population with electrification
This represents
0.7M Urban households
6.7M Rural households
This is ~40M people
or 67% of the
population without
electrification
Electricity Kerosene Candle Battery Gene
rator
(private)
Water
mill
(private)
Solar
system/
energy
Other
■ Union (%) 32.4 8.1 20.7 16.9 9.3 1.6 8.7 2.2
■ Urban {%) 77.5 0.5 7.2 6.3 5.8 0.8 1.4 0.5
■ Rural (%) 14.9 11.0 26.0 21.1 10.7 1.9 11.5 2.9
Source: Myanmar Population and Housing Census 2014
8
15. www.duanemorris.com
Government set up for power sector allows
for private participation through
unbundlingIMLntsbry(ifIHLticy/tcIr-icA^felr
XL — jzI 1
Department of Electric
Power _Planning
Department of Hydropower
Implementation
Power Transmission & System
Control Department
Electricity Supply Enterprise
Yangon Electricity Supply
Corporation
Mandalay Electricity Supply
Corporation
PLANNING
IMPLEMENTATION OF
HYDROPOWER PROJECT
-
M
GENERATION PRIVATE
DISTRIBUTIO
N
PRIVATE
Three methods of
financing
generation
projects
• Using the
state
budget
• Allowing
domestic
companies to
build on BOT
basis
• Allow
foreign
investmen
ts as part
of JV with
governme
nt or local
Source: Ministry of Electric Power
9
InfraCo
Asia
16. www.duanemorris.com
Currently hydro power through
government ownership is majority of
installed capacity
Source: World Bank
# of plants 25 13 1
Very few JVs
have been
implemented
~40 JVs are in
various
preimplement
ation stages
such as FS
and MoU (e.g.
1280 MW
Toyo Thai
coal plant)
Lowest capacity
rate (per capita)
in South-East
Asia
Daily generation
capacity of
43,500 kwH
10
18. www.duanemorris.com
TotalNumberofPlannedConnections
Roadmap as per NEP for achieving
100% electrification by 2030
After 2019, over
have to be
made each year to reach full
electrification by 2030
4,630,78
!
2015 to 2019 plan
calls for 1.7M new
connections
leveraging $700M
from varied
sources
7,216,638
Legend
National
Electrification
Rate
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 202S 2026 2027 2028 202‘J 2030
Vears
12
Source: World Bank
19. www.duanemorris.com
The NEP calls for a two-pronged
approachGrid extension will reach some states later in grid roll-out, and these
connections will cost substantially more per household
For those areas where grid will arrive late, an off-grid “pre-electrification”
option can provide non-grid electricity service in the short- and medium-term
Over the long-term, grid extension is the most cost-effective option for the
overwhelming majority of households
The total cost of National Electrification Program is estimated at US $5.8
billion
(grid and off-grid) till
2030.
Current funding allocations
• US$310M through MoEP
for transmission lines
• US$90M through Ministry
of Livestock, Fishery and
Rural Development for
rural electrification
This will require a high degree of private sector investment Funding
gap will depend on tariff increases decided by Parliament Until then,
government needs to keep subsidizing as shown below:
• Tariffs for households (56% of consumers) are K35 per KwH
• Tariffs for industry are slightly higher
• Cost of generation for Hydro is K35 to K70 per KwH
• Cost of generation for Gas is K120 to K130 per KwH
13
Source: World Bank, Ministry of Electric Power
20. www.duanemorris.com
Grid Extension Plan
■ Urban / dense areas have least
network/consumer; cheapest to connect first
■ Rural areas need longer lines to reach;
hence higher cost per consumer
■ require gradual grid extension
■ Remote communities
■ grid too expensive
■ best use of off-grid technologies
NATIONAL MEDIUM VOLTAGE GRID ROLLOUT
EQUAL MEDIUM VOLTAGE PER PHASE
■ PHASE 1
Source: World Bank
IPHASE
2
PHASE
3
IPHASE
4
3 steps to rural electrification
• Areas within 2 miles of national grid
• Areas within 30 miles of national grid
• Areas far away from national grid
□ EXISTING MEDIUM VOLTAGE AND MEDIUM VOLTAGE SUBSTATIONS
using
geospatia
l mapping
technique
s to
ensure
the grid is
rolled out
at least
cost
14
21. www.duanemorris.com
Off-Grid Electrification
Plan
■ Pre-electrification’ (short-term off-grid
electrification)
■ Recommended for villages who would be last
to connect to grid
■ Chin, Kachin, Kayahand Shan Shates good
candidates
■ Technology choice depends on local
circumstances and time
15
Source: World Bank
••
22. www.duanemorris.com
Appropriate Pre-electrification Technology
Options depend on the size of the village
■ Solar home systems - for smaller villages (<50 HHs)
■ may provide 75-175 kWh/yr for lighting/ICT/TV
■ US $400-500 / HH
(These are international prices with good quality. Local prices may be lower, and quality can vary.)
■ Mini-grids- for larger villages (>50 HHs) -solar, hybrid, diesel, or micro-hydro
where available
■ 200-250 kWh/yr: lighting/ICT/TV & fan/small fridge
■ US$1,400/HH
■ Has potential to be integrated into grid and save on distribution
investment later if built to grid standard
InfraCo Asia believes that these hybrid solutions powered through diesel, solar
and biomass sources can be long-term viable solution
Source: World Bank
23. www.duanemorris.com
The fuel mix by 2030 has a more equitable
distribution as per the Electricity Master
Plan Annual Transition of Power
Supplyfor Peak Demand (MW)
20000
15000
i Renewable
Hydropower
Coal i Gas
Peak Demand (MW)
10000
5000
Current Peak
Demand around
2500MW
m
nil......! t
sl 1i
I
2015 2020
17
Source: Ministry of Electric Power
Challenges to achieving this:
• Need more transmission lines
• Capital investment
• Technology
• Public acceptance of large power
projects such as hydro and coal
Coal and Gas for base load power
Hydro to remain largest contributor
Renewable of 9% can be improved
Energy Resources Installed
Capacity
(MW) %
(1) Hydro (large) L412 6%
(2) Hydro (Small &
Medium) 7484 32%
(3) Gas 4758 20%
(4) Coal 7940 33%
(5) Renewable 2000 9%
25. www.duanemorris.com
Energy Policy
Framework
■ To ensure energy security for the sustainable economic development in the
country
■ To provide affordable and reliable energy supply to all categories of
consumers, especially to those living in the remote areas that are currently
without electricity.
■ To achieve the Government’s overarching objective of poverty reduction and
improvement in the quality of life of its people.
■ To increase foreign exchange earnings through energy exports after meeting
the national
• Energy exports is an ambitious target given the current domestic challenges.
• Nevertheless government exploring export options for India, Thailand and China
• Government also thinking of importing power and encouraging initiatives such
as the one from Bangladesh who wish to import natural gas from Myanmar,
build a power plant and export part of the power to Myanmar.
19
Source: Ministry of Electric Power
26. www.duanemorris.com
Electric Power Sector
Policies
To employ gas turbine power generation in short term
plan and hydro power generation in long term plan for
energy sufficiency.
Yet, coal forms 1/3 of
the installed capacity
by
2030To generate and distribute more electricity for economic
development.
As per standards set by
To conduct Environmental and Social Impact yyg anc| japan
Assessments for power generation and transmission in
order to minimize these impacts.
ransmission Loss ~5%To reduce losses and
conserve electric energy for Distribution Loss ~15%
future energy sufficiency.
To promote electricity production from new and
renewable energy sources.
As per NEP, estimate is
9% but needs to have a
policy level target
■
20
Source: Ministry of Electric Power
27. www.duanemorris.com
Legal Framework
■ National Energy Policy
■ The Policy had been accomplished with the help of ADB. (7-energy related
ministries are cooperating under the National Energy Management Committee,
patronage by Vice President)
■ Electricity Law
■ On 27 October 2014, Electricity Law was legislated by the Union Parliament.
■ By-laws are also ongoing.
■ National Electricity Master Plan
■ National Electricity Master Plan (final draft II) was prepared by JICA
and submitted to Ministry in Aug.2014; Drafting is close to completion.
■ National Electrification Plan
■ To electrify the whole country in 2030-31 fiscal year, Myanmar National
Electrification Plan was jointly prepared by Ministry of Electric Power, Ministry of
Livestock, Fishery and Rural Development and World Bank in June 2014.
Source: Ministry of Electric Power ln,] 1
28. www.duanemorris.com
A suitable framework for PPPs also
needs to be created
Country Policy
Framework
Legal
Framework
PPP Govt
Agency
Guidelines Govt Financial
Support
Land
Acquisition
Myanmar Few infra policies in
dev plan
New Foreign
Investment Law
No specific PPP
agency
No published PPP
guidelines
No developed regime Limited govt
support
Cambodia Limited PPP
specific policies
Use Law on
Concession
CDC is focal point
for concession law
Procurement
manual
No developed regime Limited Govt
support
Lao PDR Limited PPP
specific policies
No specific laws
(FDI laws used)
No specific PPP
agency
MPI Investment
guidebook
No developed regime
beyond tax incentives
Limited govt
support
Vietnam Policies for PPP
projects & FS fund
Based on 2010
PPP regulations
2012 PPP Team &
Steering Comm
No published PPP
guidelines
Govt guarantees on
BOT power projects
Limited govt
support
Indonesia Economic Master
Plan & PPP book
Several specific
PPP laws/regns
Bappenas and
other bodies
PPP Investor’s
guide & PPP Book
Guarantee (through
IIGF) and VGF
Land Funds or
related laws
Philippine
s
Philippines
Development Plan
BOT framework;
impl rules/reg
PPP Center PPP Manual &
Sector Guidelines
Project development &
monitoring facility
Strategic Fund for
ROW acquisition
Malaysia Privatization policy,
2009 PPP guideline
No specific PPP
laws
3PU (UKAS) PPP Guideline
(2009)
Facilitation Fund for
private initiatives
Federal/State can
acquire private
land
Thailand General infra
policies to develop
PPP regime
Act for Private
Investment in
state undertaking
PPP Committee No published PPP
Guidelines
No developed regime Govt responsible
for land acquisition
Singapore Some policies set
out in PPP
handbook.
No specific PPP
laws
MOF has overall
responsibility
PPP Handbook
published by MOF
Refinancing guarantee
on Sports Hub PPP
(2010)
Compulsory
acquisition is
possible
PPP specific framework Limited PPP framework No PPP framework
22 Source: ERIA, December 2014
30. www.duanemorris.com
The transmission system plan is based
on regional demand/supply and
seasonality
All values based on % use of installed capacity of Hydro and Thermal in dry & wet seasons
24
Source: Ministry of Electric Power
^
31. www.duanemorris.com
Outline of transmission system in
2030
- Legend-
•/O
—/—
fowET p ar: pn apera:lanplames)
SlfcEtaflWl
{In Dper-aUoro {flameth 5MKV far&T
ee or llres ;lr opentlai talainedi
23KV tranEinlEGton Ine-5-fh
apen:lon ater 2K21J
planned) 230KV tmtmteslwi Ins
fir operalpn ar&r 3D311_
25
Source: Ministry of Electric Power